καθαιρέω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bld">A</span> Ion. [[καταιρέω]], Aeol. [[κατάγρημι]], [[quod vide|q.v.]]: fut. καθαιρήσω Il.11.453, etc.: fut. 2 καθελῶ ''APl.''4.334 (Antiphil.): aor.2 [[καθεῖλον]], inf. [[καθελεῖν]]: aor. 1 καθεῖλα [[LXX]] ''3 Ki.''19.14: Ion. pf. part. Pass. καταραιρημένος [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.172:—[[take down]], καθείλομεν ἱστία Od. 9.149; κὰδ δ' ἀπὸ πασσαλόφι ζυγὸν ᾕρεον Il.24.268; καθαιρέω [[ἄχθος]] = [[take]] it down, i.e. off one's [[shoulder]]s, Ar.''Ra.''10; κ. τὸ σημεῖον And.1.36; <b class="b3">κ. τῶν ἐκ τῆς στοᾶς ὅπλων</b> some of them, X.''HG''5.4.8; κ. εἰκόνα ἐξ ἀκροπόλεως Lycurg.117; <b class="b3">κ. τινά</b>, from the [[cross]], Plb.1.86.6, Ph.2.529:—Med., <b class="b3">κατελέσθαι τὰ τόξα</b> [[take down]] one's [[bow]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.78; τοὺς ἱστούς Plb.1.61.1.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[put down]], [[close]] the eyes of the [[dead]], ὄσσε καθαιρήσουσι θανόντι περ Il.11.453; ὀφθαλμοὺς καθελοῦσα Od.24.296; χερσὶ κατ' ὀφθαλμοὺς ἑλέειν 11.426.<br><span class="bld">3</span> of sorcerers, [[bring down]] from the sky, σελήνην Ar.''Nu.''750, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Gorgias|Grg.]]'' 513a.<br><span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">κατά με πέδον γᾶς ἕλοι</b> may earth [[swallow]] me! E.''Supp.''829 (lyr.).<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[put down by force]], [[destroy]], ὅτε κέν μιν μοῖρ' ὀλοὴ καθέλῃσι Od.2.100, 19.145, cf. 3.238, etc.; μὴ καθέλοι μιν αἰών Pi.''O.''9.60; φῶτ' ἄδικον καθαιρεῖ [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Agamemnon|Ag.]]'' 398(lyr.); μοῖρα τὸν φύσαντα καθεῖλε [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''517, cf. E.''El.''878(lyr.), etc.; [[kill]], [[slay]], [[ταῦρον]] ib.1143, cf. Stesich.23, S.''Tr.''1063, ''Fr.''205; <b class="b3">ἐάν τις ἀποκτείνῃ… ἐν ὁδῷ καθελών</b> Lexap.D.23.53:—Pass., of criminals, to [[be executed]], Plu.''Them.''22.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[put down]], [[reduce]], κ. Κῦρον καὶ τὴν Περσέων δύναμιν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.71, etc.; [[καθαιρεθῆναι]], opp. [[ἀρθῆναι]], D.2.8; esp. [[depose]], [[dethrone]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.124, etc.; <b class="b3">κ. τὸ λῃστικὸν ἐκ τῆς θαλάσσης</b> [[remove]] it [[utterly]] from... Th.1.4, cf. ''[[Oxyrhynchus Papyri|POxy.]]''1408.23 (iii A.D.); κ. ὕβριν τινός [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.27, [[LXX]] ''Za.''9.6; ὄλβον [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Fragments|Fr.]]''646.4; [[ὑπερηφάνους]] Aristeas 263:—Pass., <b class="b3">καθῃρημένος τὴν αἴσθησιν</b> [[bereft]] of sense, Plu.''Per.''38; <b class="b3">καθαιρεῖσθαι τῆς μεγαλειότητος [Ἀρτέμιδος]</b> ''Act.Ap.''19.27.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[raze to the ground]], [[demolish]], πόλεις Th.1.58, al., [[LXX]] ''Is.''14.17; τείχη Pl. ''Mx.''244c; <b class="b3">τῶν τειχῶν</b> a part of the walls, X.''HG''4.4.13:—Pass., Th. 5.39, etc.; καθῃρέθη… [[Οἰχαλία]] δορί S.''Tr.''478.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[cancel]], [[rescind]], τὸ Μεγαρέων [[ψήφισμα]] Th.1.140, cf. 139, Plu.''Per.''29; ἔργον κ. λόγῳ Philem.140.<br><span class="bld">5</span> as law-term, [[condemn]], <b class="b3">ἡ καθαιροῦσα ψῆφος</b> a verdict of [[guilty]], Lys.13.37: c. inf., ἐμὲ πάλος καθαιρεῖ… λαβεῖν S. ''Ant.''275; so prob. κατά με… Ἀΐδας ἕλοι πατρὶ ξυνθανεῖν Id.''OC''1689 (lyr.), cf. [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Orestes|Or.]]''862; simply, [[decide]], ὅ τι ἂν αἱ πλείους ψῆφοι καθαιρῶσι D.H.7.36, 39; in book-keeping, <b class="b3">ἃν καθαιρῶσιν αἱ ψῆφοι</b> whatever the counters (or accounts) [[prove]], prob. in D.18.227.<br><span class="bld">6</span> [[reduce]], τῶν αὐξανομένων καὶ καθαιρουμένων γραμμῶν Arist.''Ph.''237b9; τοῦ ἀποστήματος πεφυκότος ἐπὶ πολὺ καθαιρεῖν τὰ μεγέθη Phld.''Sign.''9; of mild caustics, <b class="b3">τὰ ὑπερσαρκέοντα καθαιρεῖ</b> (prob. for [[καθαίρει]]) Hp.''Ulc.''14, cf. Gal.11.756; τὸ σῶμα κ. διαίταις Plu.''Ant.''53: Rhet., [[minimize]], Arist.''Rh.''1376a34.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[overpower]], [[seize]], κὰδ δέ μιν ὕπνος ᾕρει Od. 9.372; <b class="b3">κ. τινά</b> [[overtake]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''4.3.16; <b class="b3">κ. τινὰ ἐν ἀφροσύνῃ</b> [[catch]] in the act of folly, S.''Ant.''383 (anap.): c. gen. partis, <b class="b3">κ. τῶν ὤτων</b> [[seize by]]... Theoc.5.133:—Pass., κ. ὑπό τινος [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.29.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[fetch down as a reward]] or [[prize]], καθαιρεῖν ἀγῶνας Plu.''Pomp.''8: metaph., [[achieve]], ἀγώνιον… εὖχος ἔργῳ καθελών Pi.''O.''10(11).63: fut. inf. [[καθαρεῖν]], [[παστόν]], [[μίτραν]], Epigr. in ''Berl.Sitzb.''1894.908 (Asia Minor):—Med., φόνῳ καθαιρεῖσθ', οὐ λόγῳ, τὰ πράγματα E.''Supp.''749:—Pass., [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.50.<br><span class="bld">V</span> less freq. like the simple [[αἱρεῖν]], [[take and carry off]], Id.6.41, cf.5.36 (Pass.). Cf. [[καθαίρω]].