ἐν: Difference between revisions

|Definition=poet. [[ἐνί]], [[εἰν]], [[εἰνί]] (Il.8.199, etc.), forms used by Ep. and Lyric Poets as the metre requires, but only as [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] in Trag.,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[εἰν]] S.''Ant.'' 1241; [[εἰνί]] E.''Heracl.''893: Arc. and Cypr. [[ἰν]] ''IG''5(2).3.5, al., ''Inscr.Cypr.''135.9 H., al.<br><span class="bld">0-0</span>PREP. WITH DAT. AND ACC. Radical sense, in, [[into]].<br><span class="bld">A</span> WITH DAT.<br><span class="bld">I</span> OF PLACE,<br><span class="bld">1</span> in, νήσῳ ἐν ἀμφιρύτῃ Od.1.50; ἐν δώμασ' ἐμοῖσιν Il.6.221; ἐνὶ προθύροισιν 11.777; κοίλῃσ' ἐνὶ νηυσί Od.2.27; with names of cities or islands, as <b class="b3">ἐν Ἀθήνῃς, ἐν Τροίῃ</b>, Il.2.549, 162; ἡ ἐν Κερκύρᾳ ναυμαχία Th.1.57; ἡ ἐν Σαλαμῖνι μάχη Isoc.5.147 (but in Att. the Prep.is sts.omitted, as with [[Ἐλευσῖνι]], [[Μαραθῶνι]]; where [[ἐν]] is used, it = [[in the district of]]... ὲν Ἐλευσῖνι ''IG''22.1028.11, <b class="b3">ἐμ Μαραθῶνι</b> ib.1243.21): <b class="b3">ἐν χερσὶν ἐμῇσι</b> in my arms, Il.22.426; ἐνὶ θυμῷ Od.16.331, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐν αὑτῷ εἶναι</b> to be in one's senses, be oneself, <b class="b3">ἔτ' ἐν σαυτῷ</b> ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] -τοῦ) γενοῦ S.''Ph.''950; also <b class="b3">ἐν αὑτοῦ</b>, cf. signf. 2.<br><span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">ἐν τοῖς ἰχθύσιν</b> in the fish-market, Antiph.125; ἐν τῷ μύρῳ [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''1375; so <b class="b3">ἐν τοῖν δυοῖν ὀβολοῖν ἐθεώρουν ἄν</b> in the two-obol seats, D.18.28.<br><span class="bld">2</span> elliptic, in such phrases as ἐν Ἀλκινόοιο Od.7.132, cf.''Leg.Gort.''2.21, etc.; εἰν Ἀΐδαο Il.22.389, Att. <b class="b3">ἐν Ἅιδου</b> (v. [[Ἅιδης]]): later ἐν τοῖς τινός ''PRev.Laws'' 38.1 (iii B. C.), ''Ev.Luc.''2.49; ἐν ἡμετέρου [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.35, 7.8.δ'; ἐμ Πανδίονος ''IG''22.1138.8; <b class="b3">ἐν Δημοτιωνιδῶν</b> ib.2.841b21; <b class="b3">ἐν τῶν πόλεων</b> ib. 12.56.14: mostly with pr.n., but sometimes with Appellatives, as, ἐν ἀφνειοῦ πατρός Il.6.47; ἐν ἀνδρὸς εὐσεβεστάτου E.''IA''926; <b class="b3">ἐν παιδοτρίβου, ἐν κιθαριστοῦ</b>, [[at the school of]]... Ar.''Nu.''973, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]''206a; <b class="b3">ἐν γειτόνων</b> (v. [[γείτων]]) <b class="b3"> ἐν αὑτοῦ</b> ([[αὑτῷ]] cod. Rav.) Ar.''V.''642, cf. Men.''Sam.''125; οὐκέτ' ἐν ἐμαυτοῦ ἦν Pl.''Chrm.''155d; ἐν ὑμῶν αὐτῶν γένεσθε Lib.''Or.'' 35.15.<br><span class="bld">3</span> in, [[within]], [[surrounded by]], οὐρανὸς ἐν αἰθέρι καὶ νεφέλῃσι Il.15.192; after Hom., of clothing, armour, etc., ἐν ἐσθῆτι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.159; ἐν πεπλώματι S.''Tr.''613; ἐν ἔντεσι Pi.''O.''4.24; <b class="b3">ἐν ὅπλοισι</b> in or [[under]] arms, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.13, etc.; also of particular kinds of arms, <b class="b3">ἐν τόξοις, ἀκοντίοις</b>, etc., [[equipped with]] them, dub.in [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''3.9.2; ἐν μαχαίρῃ ''PTeb.'' 16.14 (ii B. C.); ἐν μεγάλοις φορτίοις βαδίζειν καὶ τρέχειν [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''2.3.14; ἐν βαθεῖ πώγωνι Luc.''Salt.''5.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[on]], [[at]] or [[by]], ἐν ποταμῷ Il. 18.521, Od.5.466; ἐν ὄρεσσιν 19.205; οὔρεος ἐν κορυφῇς Il.2.456; ἐν θρόνοις Od.8.422; <b class="b3">νευρὴ ἐν τόξῳ</b> the string [[on]] the bow, Il.15.463; ἐν [ξίφει] ἧλοι 11.29; <b class="b3">κατεκλάσθη ἐνὶ καυλῷ ἔγχος</b> was broken off [[at]] or [[by]] the shaft, 13.608; ἐν πέτροισι πέτρον ἐκτρίβων S.''Ph.''296; <b class="b3">ἐν οἴνῳ</b> [[at]] wine, prob. in Call.''Epigr.''23, Luc.''Dem.Enc.''15.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[in the number of]], [[amongst]], freq.in Hom., <b class="b3">ἐν Δαναοῖσι, προμάχοισι, μέσσοισιν, νεκύεσσι</b>, Il.1.109, 3.31, 7.384, Od. 12.383, al.; οἴη ἐν ἀθανάτοισιν Il. 1.398; and with Verbs of ruling, ἐν δ' ἄρα τοῖσιν ἦρχ' 13.689; ἀνδράσιν ἐν πολλοῖσι . . ἀνάσσων Od.19.110; φῦλον ἐν ἀνθρώποισι ματαιότατον Pi.''P.''3.21; ἐν τοῖς οἰκείοισιν ἀνὴρ χρηστός S.''Ant.''661; ἐν γυναιξὶν ἄλκιμος [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Orestes|Or.]]''754:—for <b class="b3">ἐν τοῖς</b> c. Sup., V. ὁ.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[in the presence of]], ἐν πᾶσι Od.2.194; πτωχὸς ὢν ἐν ἐσθλοῖσιν λέγειν E.''Fr.'' 703; λέγοντες ἐν τῷ δήμῳ Pl.''R.''565b; μακρηγορεῖν ἐν εἰδόσι Th.2.36; ἔλεγον ἐν τοῖς τριάκοντα Lys.12.6; ἐν τοῖς ὄχλοις εἰπεῖν Isoc.3.21; <b class="b3">λέγειν ἐν ἀνδράσιν</b> (of a woman) Lys.32.11; of a trial, <b class="b3">διαγωνίζεσθαι, διαδικάζεσθαι ἔν τισι</b>, Pl.''Grg.''464d, ''Lg.''916b; προὐκαλούμην ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῖς δικασταῖς Antipho6.23.<br><span class="bld">6</span> [[in one's hands]], [[within one's reach]] or [[within one's power]], νίκης πείρατ' ἔχονται ἐν ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσι Il.7.102; δύναμις γὰρ ἐν ὑμῖν Od.10.69 (comp. the Homeric phrases θεῶν ἐν γούνασι κεῖται Il.17.514; ἐν γὰρ χερσὶ τέλος πολέμου 16.630); freq. in [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] and Att., <b class="b3">ἔστιν ἔν τινι</b>, c. inf., it depends [[on]] him to... rests [[with]] him to... ἔστιν ἐν σοὶ ἢ . . ἤ . . [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.109, cf. 3.85, etc.; ταῦτα δ' ἐν τῷ δαίμονι καὶ τῇδε φῦναι χἁτέρᾳ [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''1443; ἐν σοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν Id.''OT''314; ἐν σοὶ δ' ἐσμὲν καὶ ζῆν καὶ μή [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Alcestis|Alc.]]''278; ἐν ταῖς ναυσὶ τῶν Ἑλλήνων τὰ πράγματα ἐγένετο Th.1.74; ἐν τῷ θεῷ τὸ τέλος ἦν, οὐκ ἐμοί D.18.193; also <b class="b3">ἐν τούτῳ εἰσὶν πᾶσαι αἱ ἀποδείξεις</b> depend [[on]] this, Pl.''Prt.''354e; <b class="b3">ἐν τούτῳ λύεται ἡ ἀπορία ἢ ἄλλοθι οὐδαμοῦ</b> ib.321e; <b class="b3">ἔν γ' ἐμοί</b> so far as rests [[with]] me, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''153 (lyr.); ἐν δὲ σοὶ λελείψομαι E.''Hipp.''324; also <b class="b3">ἐν ἐμοί</b> in my judgement, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''1214 (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐν θεοῖς καλά</b> [[in the eyes of]] the gods, Id.''Ant.''925.<br><span class="bld">7</span> [[in respect of]], ἐν πάντεσσ' ἔργοισι δαήμονα φῶτα Il.23.671; <b class="b3">ἐν γήρᾳ σύμμετρός τινι</b> [[in point of]] age... S. ''OT''1112; <b class="b3">ἐν ἐμοὶ θρασύς</b> in my case, [[towards]] me, Id.''Aj.''1315; <b class="b3">ἐν θανοῦσιν ὑβριστής</b> ib.1092; <b class="b3">ἡ ἐν τοῖς ὅπλοις μάθησις</b> Pl.''La.''190d; also <b class="b3">οὐδὲν δεινὸν μὴ ἐν ἐμοὶ στῇ</b> stop [[with]] me, Id.''Ap.''28b.<br><span class="bld">8</span> in a pregnant construction with Verbs of motion, [[into]]; implying both [[motion to]] and subsequent [[position in]] a place, <b class="b3">ἐν κονίῃσι χαμαὶ πέσεν</b> [[fell]] [to the dust and lay] in it, Il.4.482, etc.; βάλον ἐν κονίῃσι 5.588; νηῒ δ' ἐνὶ πρύμνῃ ἔναρα θῆκ' 10.570; ἐν χερσὶ τιθέναι 1.441, etc.; ἐν χερσὶ βαλεῖν 5.574; <b class="b3">ἐν στήθεσσι μένος βαλεῖν</b> ib.513; ἐν Τρωσὶν ὄρουσαν 16.258; ἐν χερσὶ πεσέειν 6.81; λέων ἐν βουσὶ θορών 5.161; ἐν δ' οἶνον ἔχευεν ἐν δέπαϊ χρυσέῳ Od.20.261; ἐν τεύχεσσιν ἔδυνον Il.23.131: in Trag. and Att., ἐν ποίμναις πίτνων [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''184 (lyr.), cf. 374 (lyr.); ἐν χωρίῳ ἐμπεπτωκώς Th.7.87; ἡ ἐν τῷ Σπειραίῳ τῶν νεῶν καταφυγή Id.8.11; ἐν τόπῳ καταπεφευγέναι Pl.''Sph.''260c; ἐν ᾅδου διαπορευθείς Id.''Lg.''905b; ῥιπτοῦντες σφᾶς ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ Arr.''An.''1.19.4; later, with Verbs of [[coming]] and [[going]], διαβάντες ἐν τῇ Σάμῳ Paus.7.4.3, cf. [[LXX]] ''To.''5.5, Arr.''Epict.''1.11.32, etc.: <b class="b3">τὸν ἐν Σικελίᾳ πλοῦν</b> is [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] in Lys. 19.43 codd.<br><span class="bld">9</span> <b class="b3">πίνειν ἐν ποτηρίῳ</b> to drink [[from]] a cup, Luc.''DDeor.'' 6.2; ἐν ἀργύρῳ πίνειν Id.''Merc.Cond.''26; ἐν μικροῖς D.L.1.104.<br><span class="bld">10</span> <b class="b3">ἄργυρος ἐν ἐκπώμασι</b> silver [[in the form of]] plate, Plu.2.260a; <b class="b3">ἐμ φέρνῃ, ἐν θέματι</b>, [[as]] a dowry, pledge, ''PPetr.''1p.37, ''PTeb.''120.125 (i B. C.).<br><span class="bld">11</span> in citations, <b class="b3">ἐν τοῦ σκήπτρου τῇ παραδόσει</b> in the passage of the Il. describing this, Th.1.9, cf. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]''147c, ''Phlb.''33b.<br><span class="bld">II</span> OF STATE, CONDITION or POSITION:<br><span class="bld">1</span> of outward circumstances, ἐν πολέμῳ Od.10.553; ἐν δαιτί Il.4.259; ἐν καρὸς αἴσῃ 9.378; ἐν μοίρῃ Od.22.54; οὑμὸς ἐν φάει βίος E.''Ph.''1281; <b class="b3">ἐν γένει εἶναί τινι</b> to be related to... [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''1016; of occupations, pursuits, <b class="b3">ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ εἶναι</b> to be engaged in philosophy, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]''59a, cf. ''R.''489b; <b class="b3">οἱ ἐν ποιήσι γενόμενοι</b> poets, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.82; <b class="b3">οἱ ἐν τοῖς πράγμασι</b> ministers of state, Th.3.28; <b class="b3">οἱ ἐν τέλει</b> the [[magistrate]]s, Id.7.73, etc.; τοὺς ἐν ταῖς μοναρχίαις ὄντας Isoc.2.5; ὁ ἐν ταῖς προσόδοις ''PPetr.''1p.62; <b class="b3">ὁ μάντις ἦν ἐν τῇ τέχνῃ</b> [[in the practice of]] it, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''562.<br><span class="bld">2</span> of inward states, of feeling, etc., <b class="b3">ἐν φιλότητι, ἐν δοιῇ</b>, Il.7.302,9.230; ἐν φόβῳ γενέσθαι Pl.''R.''578e; οὐκ ἐν αἰσχύνῃ τὰ σά E.''Ph.''1276; ἐν σιωπῇ τἀμά Id.''Ion'' 1397; <b class="b3">ἐν ὀργῇ ἔχειν τινά</b> to make him the object of one's anger, Th.2.21; <b class="b3">ἐν ἔριδι εἶναι</b> ibid.; <b class="b3">ἐν αἰτίᾳ σχεῖν τινά</b> to blame him, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.106; ἐν αἰτίᾳ βαλεῖν [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''656 (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐν αἰτίᾳ εἶναι</b> to have the blame, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]'' 2.8.9, etc.; οἱ ἐν ταῖς αἰτίαις D.''Ep.''2.14.<br><span class="bld">3</span> freq. with neut. Adj., <b class="b3">ἐν βραχεῖ</b>, = [[βραχέως]], S.''El.''673; <b class="b3">ἐν τάχει</b>, = [[ταχέως]], Id.''OT''765, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐν καλῷ ἐστί</b>, = [[καλῶς ἔχει]], E.''Heracl.''971; <b class="b3">ἐν ἀσφαλεῖ</b> ([[ἐστί]]) Id.''IT'' 762; <b class="b3">ἐν εὐμαρεῖ</b> ([[ἐστί]]) Id.''Hel.''1227; ἐν ἐλαφρῷ ποιήσασθαι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.154; <b class="b3">ἐν ἴσῳ</b>, = [[ἴσως, ἐν ὁμοίῳ]], = [[ὁμοίως]], Th.2.53: less freq. in plural, <b class="b3">ἐν ἀργοῖς</b>, = [[ἀργῶς]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''287; <b class="b3">ἐν κενοῖς</b>, = [[κενῶς]], Id.''Aj.''971: with a Subst., <b class="b3">ἐν δίκᾳ</b>, = [[δικαίως]], opp. <b class="b3">παρὰ δίκαν</b>, Pi.''O.''2.16, cf. S.''Tr.''1069, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''258, Pl.''R.''475c, al.; ἦσαν οὐκέτι ὁμοίως ἐν ἡδονῇ ἄρχοντες Th.1.99, cf. Pl. ''Epin.''977b.<br><span class="bld">III</span> OF THE INSTRUMENT, MEANS or MANNER, ἐν πυρὶ πρήσαντες Il.7.429; δῆσαι ἐνὶ δεσμῷ 5.386, cf. Od.12.54, etc.; but in most cases the orig. sense may be traced, to put in the fire and burn, in fetters and bind, etc.; so ἐν πόνοις δαμέντα [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''425 (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἔζευξα πρῶτος ἐν ζυγοῖσι κνώδαλα</b> ib.462; ἔργον ἐν κύβοις Ἄρης κρινεῖ Id.''Th.''414; also <b class="b3">ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν</b> or <b class="b3">ἐν ὄμμασιν ὁρᾶσθαι, ἰδέσθαι</b>, to see [[with]] or [[before]] one's eyes, i.e. have the object in one's eye, Il.3.306, Od.10.385, etc.; ἔν τε τῇ ὄψει διαγιγνώσκειν καὶ ἐν τῇ ἀκοῇ [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]''206a; also ἐν ὠσὶ νωμῶν ὄρνιθας A.''Th.''25; also <b class="b3">ἐν λιταῖς</b> [[by]] prayers, S.''Ph.''60; <b class="b3">ἐν δόλῳ</b> [[by]] deceit, ib.102; <b class="b3">ἐν λόγοις</b> [[by]] words, A.''Ch.''613 (lyr.); ἀπέκτειναν ἐν τῇ προφάσει ταύτῃ Lys.13.12, cf. Antipho 5.59; ψαύειν ἐν κερτομίοις γλώσσαις S.''Ant.''961 (lyr.); ἐν τοῖς ὁμοίοις νόμοις ποιήσαντες τὰς κρίσεις Th.1.77; esp. with Verbs of showing, σημαίνειν ἐν ἱεροῖς καὶ οἰωνοῖς [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.7.3; <b class="b3">τὰ πραχθέντα . . ἐν . . ἐπιστολαῖς ἴστε</b> ye know [[by]] letters, Th.7.11; ἐν τῇδε ῥάβδῳ πάντα ποιήσεις Ezek.''Exag.''132, cf. ''PMag.Osl.''1.108.<br><span class="bld">2</span> of a personal instrument, ἐν τῷ ἄρχοντι τῶν δαιμονίων ἐκβάλλει τὰ δαιμόνια ''Ev.Matt.''9.34.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> OF TIME, ὥρῃ ἐν εἰαρινῇ Il.16.643; ἐν νυκτί [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.69, X. ''Smp.''1.9; ἐν χρόνῳ μακρῷ S.''Ph.''235, ''OC''88; <b class="b3">ἐν τούτῳ</b> (''[[sc.]]'' <b class="b3">τῷ χρόνῶ</b>) in this space of time, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.126, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐν ᾧ</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[χρόνῳ]]) [[during the time]] that, S.''Tr.''929, etc. (also ἐν οἷς Arist.''Mu.''391a2); ἐν ὅσῳ Th.3.28; <b class="b3">ἐν ταῖς σπονδαῖς</b> [[in the time of]] the truce, X.''An.''3.1.1; ἐν τῇ ἑορτῇ Th.7.73 (but in some phrases the [[ἐν]] is omitted, as [[μυστηρίοις]] [[in the course of]] the mysteries, Ar.''Pl.''1013; [[τραγῳδοῖς]] [[at the performance of]]... Aeschin.3.36).<br><span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">ἐν ἄρχοντι Μητροδώρῳ</b> [[during]] the archonship of M., ''IG''7.1773 (Thebes, ii A. D.); <b class="b3">ἐν ἄρχοντι Σύλλᾳ</b> ib.3.113.<br><span class="bld">2</span> in, [[within]], ἐν ἡμέρῃ [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.126; ἐν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα Th.1.118; ἐν τρισὶ μησί X.''HG''1.1.37, etc.; <b class="b3">μυρίαις ἐν ἁμέραις</b> in, i.e. [[after]], countless days, E.''Ph.''305 (lyr.); ἐν ἡμέραις πολλαῖς νοσῆσαι Procop.''Arc.''9.35.<br><span class="bld">V</span> OF NUMBERS generally, <b class="b3">ἐν δυσὶ σταδίοις</b> [[within]] two stadia, [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]]20.74, cf. 19.39, dub. in Th.6.1.<br><span class="bld">2</span> with [[genitive]] of price, ἐν δύο ταλάντων [[LXX]] ''3 Ki.''16.24.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[amounting to]], προῖκα ἐν δραχμαῖς ἐννακοσίαις ''BGU''970.14 (ii A. D.), etc.<br><span class="bld">B</span> WITH Acc., [[into]], [[on]], [[for]], Arc. ἰν, νόμος ἰν ἄματα πάντα ''IG''5 (2).5; <b class="b3">γράψαι ἐν χάλκωμα</b> ib.511; <b class="b3">ἐν πελτοφόρας ἀπεγράψατο</b> ib.7.210 (Aegosthenae), etc.; also ''poet.'', ἐν πάντα νόμον Pi.''P.''2.86.<br><span class="bld">C</span> WITHOUT CASE, AS ADVERB, in the phrase <b class="b3">ἐν δέ . .</b>,<br><span class="bld">1</span> [[and therein]], Il.9.361; ἐν μέν . . ἐν δέ Od.13.244.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[and among them]], Il.2.588, etc.; in [[Herodotus|Hdt.]], mostly <b class="b3">ἐν δὲ δή</b> . . 3.39, 5.95; or ἐν δὲ καί . . 2.43,172,176.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[and besides]], [[moreover]] (not in Att. Prose), [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]'' 675, ''OT''181 (lyr.), al.; ἐν δ' ὑπέρας τε κάλους τε πόδας τ' ἐνέδησεν ἐν αὐτῇ Od.5.260.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[ἔνι]], = [[ἔνεστι, ἔνεισι]], Il.20.248, etc.<br><span class="bld">D</span> POSITION: [[ἐν]] freq. stands between its Subst. and the Adj. agreeing therewith, Il.22.61, B.5.41, etc.: without an Adj., τῷ δ' ἐν ἐρινεός ἐστι μέγας Od.12.103: most freq. in Hom. in the form [[ἐνί]], which is then written by anastrophe [[ἔνι]], Il.7.221, Od.5.57; in Pi. between Subst. and gen., χόρτοις ἐν λέοντος ''O.''13.44, al.—One or more independent words sometimes come between the Prep. and its dat., as in Od.11.115; also in Prose, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.69.<br><span class="bld">E</span> IN COMPOS.,<br><span class="bld">I</span> with Verbs, the Prep. mostly retains its sense of being in or [[at]] a place, etc., c. dat., or followed by <b class="b3">εἰς . .</b>, or <b class="b3">ἐν .</b>.: in such forms as <b class="b3">ἐνορᾶν τινί τι</b>, in translating, we resolve the compd., to remark a thing in one.<br><span class="bld">b</span> also, [[at]] a person, <b class="b3">ἐγγελᾶν, ἐνυβρίζειν τινί</b>.<br><span class="bld">2</span> with Adjs., it expresses<br><span class="bld">a</span> a modified degree, as in [[ἔμπηλος]], [[ἔμπικρος]], [[ἔνσιμος]], [[rather]]…<br><span class="bld">b</span> the possession of a quality, as in [[ἔναιμος]] [[with]] blood [[in it]], [[ἐνάκανθος]] thorny: [[ἔμφωνος]] [[with]] a voice: [[ἔννομος]] [[in accordance with]] law, etc.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[ἐν]] becomes <b class="b3">ἐμ-</b> before the labials <b class="b3">β μ π φ ψ; ἐγ-</b> before the gutturals <b class="b3">γ κ ξ Χ; ἐλ-</b> before <b class="b3">λ; ἐρ-</b> before ρ; rarely <b class="b3">ἐσ-</b> before ς; but Inscrr. and Papyri often preserve <b class="b3">ἐν-</b> in all these cases.