ἀείρω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ep., Ion., and ''poet.''; [[αἴρω]] (once in Hom., v. infr.), Att. and Trag. (exc. A. ''Th.''759, ''Pers.''660, both lyr.); Aeol. [[ἀέρρω]], Alc.78: impf. [[ἤειρον]] (συν-) Il.10.499, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.125, Ep.<br><span class="bld">A</span> ἄειρον Il.19.386, Att. and Trag. [[ᾖρον]]: fut. ἀρῶ [ᾱ], contr. for [[ἀερῶ]] (which is not found), A. ''Pers.''795, E.''Heracl.''322, ''Tr.''1148, prob. in Luc. ''Hist.Conscr.'' 14: aor. 1 [[ἤειρα]] (συν-) Il.24.590, (παρ-) Archil.94, Herod.9.13, Ep. [[ἄειρα]] Il.23.730; Aeol. imper. ἀέρρατε Sapph.91; subj. ἀέρσῃ Panyas.13.13; part. ἀείρας [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Antigone|Ant.]]''418; also [[ἄηρα]] ''IG''12(3).449 (Thera); ἦρα [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] 9.59, A.''Ag.''47, Th.6.18, etc., 3pl. ἤροσαν [[LXX]] ''Jo.''3.14, opt. ἄραις Herod.5.71, inf. ἆραι Call. ''Cer.''35, part. ἄρας Th.2.12, etc., Cret. [[ἤραντας]] ''GDI''5015 (Gort.) [ᾱ- in all moods]: pf. ἦρκα D.25.52, (ἀπ-) Th.8.100, plpf. [[ἤρκεσαν]] (ἀπ-) D.19.150:—Med. [[ἀείρομαι]] (ἀπ-) Il. 21.563, S.''Tr.''216 (lyr.); [[αἴρομαι]] E.''El.''360, Th.4.60: fut ἀροῦμαι [ᾱ] E.''Hel.''1597: aor. 1 imper. ἀείραο A.R.4.746, inf. [[ἀείρασθαι]] (ἀντ-) [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.212, part. -άμενος Il.23.856, ''IG''4.952.112 (Epid.); also <b class="b3">ἠράμην [ᾱ-</b> in all moods] Il.14.510, Od.4.107, E.''Heracl.''986, Ar. ''Ra.''525, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 374e, etc., Dor. [[ἄρατο]] B.2.5: pf. ἦρμαι S.''El.''54:—Pass., [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Alcestis|Alc.]]''450 (lyr.), Hp.''Mul.''2.174: fut. ἀρθήσομαι [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''565: aor. ἠέρθην A.R.4.1651, (παρ-) Il.16.341, Ep. [[ἀέρθην]] Od.19.540, 3pl. ἄερθεν Il.8.74, subj. ἀερθῶ [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Andromache|Andr.]]''848 (lyr.), part. ἀερθείς Od.8.375, Pi.''N.''7.75, A.''Ag.''1525 (lyr.), Hp.''Mul.''1.1, etc.; also [[ἤρθην]] Simon.111, A.''Th.''214 (lyr.), Th.4.42, etc., part. ἀρθείς Il.13.63, (ἐπ-) [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.90, etc.: pf. ἤερμαι A.R.2.171: Ep. plpf. 3sg. [[ἄωρτο]] (for [[ἤορτο]]) Il.3.272, Theoc.24.43, ἔωρτο [[Hesychius Lexicographus|Hsch.]] [[ἀείρω]] has ᾰ, exc. in late poetry, as Opp. ''C.''1.347.] ([[ἀείρω]] = ἀ-ϝερ-yω, cf. [[αὐειρομέναι]] Alcm.23.63; [[αἴρω]] (oncein Hom., Il.17.724 in part. [[αἴροντας]]) may = ϝαρyω for <b class="b3">ϝγ[νυλλ ]-ψω</b> from the reduced form of the root, but is more probably an analogical formation arising from the contracted forms. fut. ἀροῦμαι [ᾰ] and aor. ἀρόμην, [[ἤρετο]], etc., inf. ἀρέσθαι [ᾰ], belong to [[ἄρνυμαι]], [[quod vide|q.v.]]; ἤρᾰτο may have displaced [[ἤρετο]] in Hom, cf. Eust. ad Il.3.373. The sense [[attach]] found in compounds [[συνείρω]], [[παραείρω]] is prob. derived from the use v.''1''.)<br><span class="bld">I</span> Act., [[lift]], [[raise up]], νέκυν Il.17.724; <b class="b3">ὑψόσ' ἀείρας [κυνέην]</b> 10.465; πίνακας παρέθηκεν ἀείρας Od.1.141; Εὐμάστας με ἄηρεν ἀπὸ χθονός ''IG''12(3).449, inscr. on a stone (Thera); <b class="b3">ἀπὸ γῆς αἴ.</b> Pl.''Ti.''90a; <b class="b3">ἱστία στεῖλαν ἀείραντες</b> furled by [[brail]]ing them up, Od.3.11; but <b class="b3">ἀ. ἱστία</b> [[hoist]] [[sail]], A.R.2.1229; αἴρω κεραίας [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]] 13.12; εὔμαριν ἀ. [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]'' 660; <b class="b3">κοῦφον αἴρω βῆμα</b> [[walk]] [[lightly]], [[trip]], E.''Tr.''342; <b class="b3">αἴρω σκέλη</b>, of a horse, X.''Eq.''10.15, cf. Arist.''IA''710b20; ὀρθὸν αἴρω τὸ κάρα A.''Ch.''496; ὀφθαλμὸν ἄρας S.''Tr.''795; <b class="b3">ἄρασα μύξας</b>, of a deer, Id.''Fr.''89; ὀφρῦς αἴροντα Diph.85; <b class="b3">αἴρω σημεῖον</b> [[make]] a [[signal]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''7.1.23; <b class="b3">αἴρω μηχανήν</b>, in the theatre, Antiph.191.15; so ἐπὶ τὰς μηχανὰς καταφεύγουσι θεοὺς αἴροντες [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Cratylus|Cra.]]''425d; <b class="b3">τεῖχος ἱκανὸν αἴ.</b> Th.1.90, cf. 2.75:—freq. in part., <b class="b3">ἄρας ἔπαισε</b> he [[raised]] [them] and struck, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]'' 1270; ἡ βουλὴ ἄρασα τὴν ἀφ' ἱερᾶς ἀφῆκεν Plu. ''Cor.''32, cf. ''1 Ep.Cor.'' 6.15:—Pass., ἐς αἰθέρα δῖαν ἀέρθη Od.19.540, cf. Il.8.74; ὑψόσ' ἀερθείς Od.12.432; ἔμπνους ἀρθείς Antipho 2.1.9; φρυκτοὶ ᾔροντο Th.2.94, cf. Aen. Tact.26.14; [[mount up]], X.''HG''5.2.5; <b class="b3">ἄνω ἀρθῆναι</b>, of the [[sun]], to [[be high]] in [[heaven]], Hp.Aër.6; to [[be seized]], [[be snatched up]], [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''565.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[take up]], in various uses: [[draw]] [[water]], Ar.''Ra.'' 1339; [[gather]] food, S.''Ph.''707; [[pluck]] [[herb]]s, ''PMag.Par.''1.287, al.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[take up and carry]] or [[bring]], ἐκ βελέων Σαρπηδόνα δῖον ἀείρας Il.16.678; νόσφιν ἀειράσας 24.583; <b class="b3">ἄχθος ἀ.</b> [[convey]], of ships, Od.3.312; <b class="b3">μῆλα ἐξ' Ιθάκης ἄειραν νηυσί</b> = carried them off, 21.18; <b class="b3">μή μοι οἶνον ἄειρε</b> [[bring]] me not [[wine]], Il.6.264.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[take up and bear]], as a [[burden]], μόρον [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''547; ἆθλον S.''Tr.''80; ἄλγος A.R.4.65.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[wear]] clothes, [[LXX]] ''1 Ki.''2.28, al.<br><span class="bld">5</span> of armies or fleets, <b class="b3">τὰς ναῦς αἴ.</b> [[get]] the [[ship]]s [[under]] [[sail]], Th.1.52; esp. intr., [[get under way]], [[set out]], ἆραι τῷ στρατῷ Id.2.12: abs., ib.23:—Pass., ἀερθῆναι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.52; ἀερθέντες ἐκ.. 1.165; ἀ. εἰς.. 1.170; ἐφ' ἡμετέρᾳ γᾷ ἀρθείς [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Antigone|Ant.]]''111 (lyr.); but [[ἀερθείς]] [[carried too far]], Pi.''N.''7.75.<br><span class="bld">6</span> [[raise]], [[levy]], λεκτὸν ἀροῦμεν στόλον A. ''Pers.''795.<br><span class="bld">7</span> [[rear]] a child, τοῖς τοκεῦσί σ' ἤειρα Herod.9.13.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[raise up]], [[exalt]], ἀπὸ σμικροῦ δ' ἂν ἄρειας μέγαν A.''Ch.''262, cf. 791; <b class="b3">ὄλβον ὅν Δαρεῖος ἦρεν</b> Id.''Pers.''164:—esp. of pride and passion, [[exalt]], [[excite]], <b class="b3">ὑψοῦ αἴρω θυμόν</b> [[grow excited]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''914; <b class="b3">αἴρω θάρσος</b> [[pluck up]] [[courage]], E.''IA''1598:—Pass., to [[be raised]], [[be increased]], ἡ [[δύναμις]] ᾔρετο Th.1.118; ᾔρετο τὸ ὕψος τοῦ τείχους μέγα Id.2.75; <b class="b3">ἤρθη μέγας</b> rose to [[greatness]], D.2.8; οὐκ ἤρθη νοῦν ἐς ἀτασθαλίην Simon.111; <b class="b3">ἀρθῆναι φόβῳ, δείμασι</b>, A.''Th.''214, E.''Hec.''69: abs., [[ἀείρομαι]] S.''Tr.''216 (lyr.), cf. Ar.''Ec.'' 1180.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[raise by words]], hence, [[praise]], [[extol]], E.''Heracl.''322, etc.; <b class="b3">αἴρω λόγῳ</b> [[to exaggerate]], D.21.71.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[lift and take away]], [[remove]], ἀπό με τιμᾶν ἦραν A.''Eu.''847; τινὰ ἐκ τῆς πόλεως [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 578e; generally, [[take away]], [[put an end to]], κακά E.''El.''942; <b class="b3">τραπέζας αἴρω</b> [[clear away]] [[dinner]], Men.273; ἀρθέντος τοῦ αἰτίου Arist.''Pr.''920b11; [[deny]] (opp. [[τίθημι]] [[posit]]), S.E.''P.''1.10; Delph. and Locr. pf. Pass. part. [[ἀρμένος]] [[cancelled]], [[null and void]], ὠνὰ ἀ. καὶ ἄκυρος ''GDI''1746 (Delph.); ἀτελὴς καὶ ἀ. ''IG''9(1).374 (Naupactus).<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[make away with]], [[destroy]], Ev.Matt.24.39; [[ἆρον]], [[ἆρον]] [[away with him]]! Ev.Jo.19.15; <b class="b3">ἐκ τῶν ζώντων αἴ.</b> ''Tab.Defix.Aud.''1.18.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> Med., [[lift]], [[take up]] for [[oneself]] or [[what]] is one's [[own]], [πέπλων] ἕν' ἀειραμένη Il.6.293; hence, [[carry off]], [[win]], πάντας ἀειράμενος πελέκεας 23.856; ἄρατο νίκαν B.2.5; ἠρμένοι νίκην Str.3.2.13.<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ὄγκον ἄρασθαι</b> to [[be puffed up]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]'' 129; θαυμαστὸν ὄγκον ἀράμενοι τοῦ μύθου [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Politicus|Plt.]]'' 277b.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[raise]], [[lift]], [[τύπωμα]] ἠρμένοι χεροῖν S.''El.''54; <b class="b3">κανοῦν αἴ.</b> [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''850; [[βοῦς]] ''IG''22.1028.28, cf. [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Characters|Char.]]''27.5; [[ῥόθιον]] [[raise]] a surging [[cheer]], [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]'' 546; Σαμόσατα ἀράμενος μετέθηκεν Luc.''Hist.Conscr.''24; <b class="b3">ἀείρεσθαι τὰ ἱστία</b> [[hoist]] [[sail]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.56, cf. 94.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[raise]], [[stir up]], [[νεῖκος]] ἀειράμενος Thgn.90, cf. E.''Heracl.''986,991; [[begin]], [[undertake]], πόλεμον A. Supp.342, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.132, Th.4.60, D.5.5 (Pass., πόλεμος αἴρεται [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]'' 1188); κίνδυνον Antipho 5.63; <b class="b3">φυγὴν αἴρεσθαι</b> [[take]] [[to]] [[flight]], [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]'' 481, E.''Rh.''54.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[take upon oneself]], [[undergo]], πόνον [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Antigone|Ant.]]''907; πένθος Id.''OT''1225; βάρος E.''Cyc.''473.<br><span class="bld">6</span> abs., βαρὺς [[ἀείρεσθαι]] = [[slow]] to [[undertake]] [[anything]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.150.<br><span class="bld">7</span> [[take away]], [[remove]], E.''IT''1201; hence, [[kill]] or [[destroy]], D.H.4.4, J.''AJ''19.1.3; πόλιν D.H.6.23.<br><span class="bld">V</span> Pass., to [[be suspended]], [[hang]], [μάχαιρα] πὰρ ξίφεος μέγα κουλεὸν αἰὲν ἄωρτο Il.3.272, 19.253.<br><span class="bld">2</span> Medic., to [[be swollen]], [σπλὴν] ἀερθείς Hp.''Mul.''1.61; <b class="b3">μαζοὶ ἀείρονται</b> ib.2.174.