ἀποκρίνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ῑ], fut. ἀποκρῐνῶ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[set apart]], prob. in Alc.''Supp.'' 5.7, Pherecr.23, Ael.''VH''12.8; χωρὶς ἀ. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Politicus|Plt.]]'' 302c, al.:—Pass., to [[be parted]] or [[be separated]], [[ἀποκρινθέντε]] = [[part]]ed from the [[throng]] (of two [[πρόμαχος|πρόμαχοι]]), Il.5.12 (nowhere else in Hom.); πίθηκος ᾔει θηρίων ἀποκριθείς Archil.89.3; of the [[element]]s in [[cosmogony]], Emp.9.4, Anaxag. 2, Democr.167; ἀπεκρίθη.. τοῦ βαρβάρου ἔθνεος τὸ Ἑλληνικόν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.60; χωρίς θηρίων ἡ [[δίαιτα]] ἀποκέκριται Id.2.36; <b class="b3">ἀποκεκρίσθαι εἰς ἓν ὄνομα</b> to [[be separated and brought]] under one [[name]], Th.1.3; <b class="b3">οὐ βεβαίως ἀπεκρίθησαν</b>, of [[combatant]]s, [[separate]]d without [[decisive]] [[result]], Id.4.72.<br><span class="bld">2</span> Medic. in Pass., to [[be distinctly formed]], Hp.''Prog.''23; of the [[embryo]], [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]''561a17; <b class="b3">τὰ ἐν τῷ σώματι ἀποκρινόμενα</b> [[bodily]] [[secretion]]s, Hp.''VM''14; τὰ ἐς τὴν κοιλίην ἀ. Id.''Vict.''4.89; but <b class="b3">ἐς τοῦτο πάντα ἀπεκρίθη</b> all illnesses [[determined]] or [[end]]ed in this [[alone]], Th.2.49; also ᾗ τὰ περιττώματα ἀποκρίνεται are [[void]]ed, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[De Partibus Animalium|PA]]''665b24, cf. ''GA''773b35.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[mark by a distinctive form]], [[distinguish]], [[πρύμνη]]ν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.194; νόσημά τι ἀποκεκριμένον [[specific]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 407d, cf. [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Meteorologica|Mete.]]''369b29.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[choose]], ἕνα ὑμῶν ἀ. ἐξαίρετον [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.130; <b class="b3">ἀ. τοῦ πεζοῦ, τοῦ στρατοῦ</b>, [[choose]] from.., [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.17,25; <b class="b3">δυοῖν ἀποκρίνας κακοῖν</b> having [[set apart]], i.e. [[decree]]d, one of two, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''640.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[exclude]], πλήθει τῶν ψήφων [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''946a.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[reject on examination]], <b class="b3">κρίνειν καὶ ἀ.</b> ib.751d; <b class="b3">ἐγκρίνειν καὶ ἀ.</b> ib.936a; <b class="b3">ἀ. τινὰ τῆς νίκης</b> [[decide]] that one has [[lost]] the [[victory]], [[decide]] it [[against]] one, Arist.''Pol.''1315b18:—Med., [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''966d.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> Med., [[ἀποκρίνομαι]], fut. -κρῐνοῦμαι, etc.: Pl. uses pf. and plpf. Pass. in med. sense, ''Prt.''358a, ''Grg.''463c, etc., but also in pass. sense (v. infr.):—[[give answer]] to, [[reply]] to [[question]], dub.''1''. in [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.49, 8.101 (elsewhere <b class="b3">ὑποκρ-</b>), cf. E.''Ba.''1271, ''IA''1354; ἀ. τινί Ar.''Nu.''1245, etc.: metaph., ἀ. τοῖς πράγμασιν ὡς ἐπὶ τῶν ἐρωτημάτων Arr.''Epict.''2.16.2; <b class="b3">ἀ. πρός τινα, πρὸς τὸ ἐρωτώμενον</b>, [[to]] a [[questioner]] or [[question]], Th.5.42, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 338d; ἀ. εἰ.. Ar. ''V.''964; ἀ. ὅτι.. Th.1.90: c. acc., <b class="b3">ἀποκρίνεσθαι τὸ ἐρωτηθέν</b> to [[answer]] the [[question]], Id.3.61, cf. Pl.''Cri.''49a, ''Hp.Ma.''287b, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Metaphysics|Metaph.]]'' 1007a9: c. acc. cogn., ἀ. οὐδὲ γρῦ Ar.''Pl.''17; οὐδὲν ξυμβατικόν Th.8.71; ἀ. ἀπόκρισιν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''658c:—Pass., <b class="b3">τοῦτό μοι ἀποκεκρίσθω</b> [[let]] this [[be]] my [[answer]], Id.''Tht.''187b; <b class="b3">καλῶς ἄν σοι ἀπεκέκριτο</b> your [[answer]] would have been [[sufficient]], Id.''Grg.''453d, cf.''Men.''75c,''Euthd.''299d.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[answer charges]], [[defend oneself]], [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''632; ὁ [[ἀποκρινόμενος]] = the [[defendant]], Antipho 6.18, cf. 2.4.3; [[ἀπεκρινάμην]] freq. in legal documents, ''PHib.''1.31.24 (iii B. C.), etc.<br><span class="bld">3</span> aor. Pass. [[ἀπεκρίθη]], = [[ἀπεκρίνατο]], he [[answered]], condemned by Phryn.86, is unknown in earlier Att., exc. in Pherecr.51, Pl.''Alc.''2.149b; but occurs in Machoap.Ath.8.349d, ''UPZ''6.30 (ii B. C.), ''SIG''674.61 (Narthacium, ii B. C.), ''IG''4.679 (Hermione, ii B. C.), Plb.4.30.7, etc.; once in J., ''AJ''9.3.1, twice in Luc., ''Sol.''5, ''Demon.''26; regular in [[LXX]] (but sometimes [[ἀπεκρινάμην]] in solemn language, as ''3 Ki.''2.1) and prevails in [[NT]] especially in the phrase ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν ''Ev.Matt.''3.15; ἀ. λέγει ''Ev.Marc.''8.20, al., cf. X.''An.'' 2.1.22 codd.: fut. ἀποκριθήσομαι in same sense, [[LXX]] ''Is.''14.32, al., ''Ev.Matt.''25.45, Hermog.''Inv.''4.6.