ὑπό: Difference between revisions

|txtha=(i. e. Latin sub (Curtius, § 393)), preposition, under, in secular authors used with the genitive, dative, and accusative, but in the N. T. with the genitive and accusative only. (On the use and the omission of elision with it before words beginning with a vowel, see WH's Appendix, p. 146{b}; Tdf Proleg., p. 4, (addenda et emendanda).) I. with the genitive (cf. Winer s Grammar, 364 (342), 368f, (346); Buttmann, § 147,29), it is used:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> properly, in a local sense, of situation or position under something higher, as ὑπό χτονος, often from Homer down; ὁ ἐπί γῆς καί ὑπό γῆς χρυσός, Plato, legg. 5, p. 728a.; hence,<br /><b class="num">2.</b> metaphorically, of the efficient cause, as that under the power of which an event is conceived of as being; here the Latin uses ἆ or ἀβ, and the English by; thus a. after passive verbs — with the genitive of a person: L T Tr WH); ); R G; L T Tr WH); R G L); φωνῆς ἐνεχθείσης ὑπό τῆς μεγαλοπρεποῦς δόξης, when a voice was brought by the majestic glory (cf. R. V. marginal reading), i. e. came down to him from God, γίνομαι, to be done, effected, R L in brackets; γίνεται τίνι ἐπιβουλή, ἡ ἐπιτιμία ἡ ὑπό τῶν πλειόνων, namely, ἐπιτιμηθεισα, πορεύω, at the end); πάσχειν ὑπό τίνος, Homer, Iliad 11,119; Thucydides 1,77; Xenophon, symp. 1,9; Cyril 6,1, 36; Hier. 7,8); ἀπολέσθαι, to perish, Herodotus 3,32on); ὑπομένειν τί, ἀντιλογία, 2); λαμβάνειν namely, πληγάς, to be beaten, ἀποκτεῖναι ἐν ῤομφαία καί ὑπό τῶν θηρίων τῆς γῆς, by the wild beasts, ) (so ὠλεσε θυμόν ὑφ' Ἐκτορος, Homer, Iliad 17,616; cf. Matthiae, ii., p. 1393; (Buttmann, 341 (293))). II. with the accusative (Winer's Grammar, § 49, k.);<br /><b class="num">1.</b> of motion, in answer to the question 'whither?': to come ὑπό τήν στέγην, ἐπισυνάγειν, ἔχω τινα ὑπ' ἐμαυτόν, γίνεσθαι, born under i. e. subject to, Rst εἰς ὑπκρισιν).<br /><b class="num">2.</b> of situation, position, tarrying: after κατασκηνοῦν, κάθημαι, εἶναι: (to and under) in a local or proper sense, ἡ ὑπό (τόν) ὀυρνανος namely, χώρα, πάσῃ κτίσει τῇ ὑπό τόν οὐρανοῦ, namely, οὔσῃ, τά ὑπό τόν οὐρανόν namely, ὄντα, τά ὑπό σελήνην, Philo de vit. Moys. ii., § 12); εἶναι ὑπό τινα or τί, to be under, i. e. subject to the power of, any person or thing: ὑπό ἐξουσίαν namely, ὤν, L WH brackets read ὑπό ἐξουσίαν τασσόμενος (set under authority), so also the Sinaiticus manuscript); οἱ ὑπό νόμον, namely, ὄντες, ὑπό ἐκπληξιν εἶναι, Protevangelium Jacobi, 18). τηρεῖν τινα, φρουρεῖσθαι, sub (cf. sub vespe. ram), equivalent to about (see examples from the Greek writings in Passow, p. 2111{a}; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, C. III.)): ὑπό τόν ὄρθρον, about daybreak, R G is counted (cf. III. in Composition ὑπό denotes:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> locality, under: ὑποκάτω, ὑποπόδιον, ὑπωπιάζω, ὑποδέω; of the goal of motion, i. e. ὑπό τί, as ὑποδέχομαι (under one's roof); ὑπολαμβάνω (to receive by standing under); ὑποβάλλω, ὑποτίθημι; tropically, in expressions of subjection, compliance, etc., as ὑπακούω, ὑπακοή, ὑπηκως, ὑπόδικος, ὕπανδρος, ὑπάγω, ὑπολείπω, ὑποχωρέω.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> small in degree, slightly, as ὑποπνέω.