View source for gemma

{{LaEn
|lnetxt=gemma gemmae N F :: bud; jeweli gem, precious stone, amber; cup (material); seal, signet; game piece
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{{Lewis
|lshtext=<b>gemma</b>: ae, f. cf. Gr. [[γέμω]], to be [[full]]; Lat. [[gumia]]; lit. a [[fulness]], [[swelling]]. The ancients supposed the [[original]] [[meaning]] to be a [[precious]] [[stone]], Quint. 8, 6, 6; cf. Cic. Or. 24, 81; id. de Or. 3, 38, 155,<br /><b>I</b> a [[bud]], [[eye]], or [[gem]] on a [[plant]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: ineunte [[vere]] exsistit [[tamquam]] ad articulos sarmentorum ea, quae [[gemma]] dicitur, Cic. de Sen. 15, 53: ([[pampinus]]) trudit gemmas et frondes explicat omnes, Verg. G. 2, 335; jam [[laeto]] turgent in palmite gemmae, id. E. 7, 48; Col. 4, 29, 4.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf. (from the [[resemblance]] to buds in [[shape]] and [[color]]), a [[precious]] [[stone]], esp. one [[already]] [[cut]], a [[jewel]], [[gem]], the predom. signif. of the [[word]] (opp. [[lapillus]], one [[that]] is [[opaque]], v. Dig. 34, 2, 19, § 17; cf. also: [[margarita]], [[unio]]): [[nego]] in [[Sicilia]] tota ... ullam gemmam aut margaritam, [[quicquam]] ex [[auro]] aut ebore [[factum]] ... [[quin]] conquisierit, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 1: pocula ex [[auro]] gemmis distincta clarissimis, id. ib. 2, 4, 27, § 62: vas vinarium ex una [[gemma]] pergrandi, id. ib.: Cyri [[ornatus]] [[Persicus]] [[multo]] [[auro]] multisque gemmis, id. de Sen. 17, 59: gemmas sunt qui non habeant, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 180: cum virides gemmas collo circumdedit ([[mulier]]), Juv. 6, 458: non gemmis venale, Hor. C. 2, 16, 7: vitrea, i. e. a false [[gem]], Plin. 35, 6, 30, § 48; also called facticia, id. 37, 7, 26, § 98: nec premit articulos lucida [[gemma]] meos, Ov. H. 15, 74: nec sufferre queat majoris pondera gemmae, Juv. 1, 29: [[usus]] luxuriantis aetatis signaturas pretiosis gemmis coepit insculpere, [[Capitol]]. ap. Macr. S. 7, 13, 11; Vulg. Exod. 25, 7 et saep. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> Things made of [[precious]] stones.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[drinking]]-[[vessel]], [[goblet]] or [[cup]], made of a [[precious]] [[stone]]: nec bibit e [[gemma]] divite nostra [[sitis]], Prop. 3, 5 (4, 4), 4; cf.: ut gemmā bibat, Verg. G. 2, 506: gemmā ministrare, Sen. Prov. 3 fin.; cf. also: in [[gemma]] posuere [[merum]], Ov. M. 8, 572.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[seal]] [[ring]], [[signet]]: [[protinus]] impressā signat sua crimina gemmā, Ov. M. 9, 566; cf. Plin. 37, 1, 2, § 3; 37, 5, 20, § 78: arguit ipsorum quos [[littera]] gemmaque, Juv. 13, 138; 1, 68.—Hence, [[comically]]: Pl. Opsecro parentis ne meos mihi prohibeas? Cu. Quid? ego sub gemmane apstrussos [[habeo]] tuam matrem et patrem? i. e. under [[lock]] and [[key]], Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 8.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> A pearl ([[poet]].): legitur rubris [[gemma]] sub aequoribus. Prop. 1, 14, 12: cedet Erythraeis eruta [[gemma]] vadis, Mart. 8, 28, 14. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> The eyes of the [[peacock]]'s [[tail]]: gemmis caudam stellantibus implet, Ov. M. 1, 723; cf.: gemmea [[cauda]], Phaedr. 3, 18, 8). —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Trop., [[like]] [[gem]] in English, [[ornament]], [[beauty]] ([[post]]-Aug. and [[very]] [[rare]]): multas in digitis, [[plures]] in carmine gemmas Invenies, Mart. 5, 11, 3: [[Hesperius]] [[gemma]] amicorum, Sid. Ep. 4, 22.
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{{Gaffiot
|gf=<b>gemma</b>,⁹ æ, f.,<br /><b>1</b> pierre précieuse, gemme : pocula ex [[auro]] gemmis distincta clarissimis Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 62, coupes d’or enrichies des pierreries les [[plus]] éclatantes ; [[gemma]] vitrea Plin. 35, 48, pierre fausse, verre ; [[gemma]] factitia Plin. 37, 98, pierre artificielle &#124;&#124; pierre formant une coupe, un vase à boire, coupe ornée de pierreries : Virg. G. 2, 506 ; Prop. 3, 5, 4 &#124;&#124; chaton de bague, cachet : Ov. M. 9, 566 ; Plin. 37, 3 ; Juv. 13, 138 &#124;&#124; perle : Prop. 1, 14, 12 &#124;&#124; [fig.] beauté, ornement : Mart. 5, 11, 3<br /><b>2</b> bourgeon, œil [de la vigne] : Cic. CM 53 ; Virg. G. 2, 335 ; B. 7, 48.||pierre formant une coupe, un vase à boire, coupe ornée de pierreries : Virg. G. 2, 506 ; Prop. 3, 5, 4||chaton de bague, cachet : Ov. M. 9, 566 ; Plin. 37, 3 ; Juv. 13, 138||perle : Prop. 1, 14, 12||[fig.] beauté, ornement : Mart. 5, 11, 3<br /><b>2</b> bourgeon, œil [de la vigne] : Cic. CM 53 ; Virg. G. 2, 335 ; B. 7, 48.
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{{Georges
|georg=gemma, ae, f., I) das [[Auge]], die [[Knospe]], am Weinstocke, an Bäumen, Cic. u.a. – II) der [[Edelstein]], [[bes]]. der geschnittene, durchsichtige ([[während]] [[lapillus]] = der [[Edelstein]], [[undurchsichtig]], s. [[Serv]]. dig. 34, 2, 19. § 17), der [[Juwel]], die [[Gemme]], A) eig. u. übtr.: 1) eig.: ulla [[gemma]] [[aut]] [[margarita]], Cic.: vitrea, [[Glaspaste]], Plin.: gemmarum sculptores, Isid.: gemmas faberrime sculpere, Apul. – 2) übtr., [[wie]] [[unser]] [[Juwel]], [[Kleinod]] = [[Schmuck]], [[Zierde]], Mart. u. [[Sidon]]. – B) meton.: 1) [[von]] Ggstdn. aus Edelsteinen: a) = das aus Edelsteinen gemachte [[Trinkgeschirr]], Edelsteingeschirr, bibere e [[gemma]], Prop., od. gemmā, Verg.: gemmā ministrare, Sen. – b) der [[Siegelring]], das [[Siegel]], gemmae [[damnum]], Plin.: imprimere gemmam, Ov.: gemmā signari (v. Briefe), Ov. – 2) = [[Perle]], Prop., Mart. u. Amm. – 3) gemmae = die Augen [[des]] Pfauenschweifes, Ov. [[met]]. 1, 723.
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{{LaZh
|lnztxt=gemma, ae. f. :: [[葡萄芽]]。[[寶石]]
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