View source for ὄρθρος

{{LSJ1
|Full diacritics=ὄρθρος
|Medium diacritics=ὄρθρος
|Low diacritics=όρθρος
|Capitals=ΟΡΘΡΟΣ
|Transliteration A=órthros
|Transliteration B=orthros
|Transliteration C=orthros
|Beta Code=o)/rqros
|Definition=ὁ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">the time just before</b> or <b class="b2">about daybreak, dawn, cock-crow</b> (ἀπ' ὄρθρου μέχρι περ ἂν ἥλιος ἀνάσχῃ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>951d</span>), τάχα δ' ὄ. ἐγίγνετο δημιοεργός <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>98</span> ; ἐπειδὰν ὄ. ᾖ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>256</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Av.</span>496</span>, etc. ; ὄρθρου <b class="b2">at dawn</b>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>577</span>, <span class="bibl">Sopat.25</span>, <span class="bibl">Aristopho 10</span> ; ὄρθρου γενομένου <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.198</span> ; ἅμα ὄρθρῳ <span class="bibl">Id.7.188</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.112</span>, etc. ; ἐς ὄρθρον <span class="bibl">Theoc.18.56</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>6.6</span> ; κατ' ὄρθρον <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>772</span> ; περὶ ὄρθρον <span class="bibl">Th.6.101</span> (cf. [[περίορθρος]]) ; <b class="b3">πρὸς ὄρθρον</b> towards <b class="b2">dawn</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>1089</span> ; πρὸς ὄρθρον γ' ἐστίν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ec.</span>20</span> ; ὑπ' ὄρθρον <span class="bibl">Batr.103</span> ; ὑπὸ τὸν ὄ. <span class="bibl">D.C.76.17</span> ; <b class="b3">τὸν ὄ</b>., abs., <b class="b2">in the morning</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.181</span> ; <b class="b3">δι' ὄρθρων</b> each <b class="b2">morning early</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span> 909</span> ; <b class="b3">ὄ. βαθύς</b> dim <b class="b2">morning twilight</b>, ἀλλὰ νῦν ὄ. β. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>216</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Cri.</span>43a</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.18.14</span> ; τῆς παρελθούσης νυκτὸς... ἔτι βαθέος ὄ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span> 310a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>24.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> Ὄρθρος, ὁ, a mythical dog, son of Typhaon and Echidna, that kept the herds of Geryoneus on the island Erytheia, and was there killed by Heracles, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>309</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">293</span> (v.l. [[Ὄρθος]]).</span>
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{{pape
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0377.png Seite 377]] ὁ ([[ὄρνυμι]]), der frühe Morgen, die Zeit vor und um Tagesanbruch, wo die Sonne aufgeht, die Menschen und Thiere sich von ihren Lagern erheben; Hes. O. 579; H. h. Merc. 98; ὑπ' ὄρθρον, Batrach. 102; δι' ὄρθρων, Eur. El. 909; κατ' ὄρθρον, πρὸς ὄρθρον, Ar. Vesp. 772 Eccl. 20; ἅμα τῷ ὄρθρῳ, Thuc. 3, 112, wie Her. 7, 188; [[ὄρθρος]] [[βαθύς]], sehr früher Morgen, Ar. Vesp. 216 Plat. Criton. 43 a Prot. 310 a; ἀπ' ὄρθρου [[μέχρι]] περ ἂν [[ἥλιος]] ἀνίσχῃ, Legg. XII, 951 d; Folgde, ἐξ ὄρθρου Pol. 3, 73, 3, τὸν ὄρθρον, am Morgen, 12, 26, 1; bei B. A. wird [[ὄρθρος]] bestimmt als ἡ ὥρα τῆς νυκτός, καθ' ἣν ἀλεκτρυόνες ᾄδουσιν, ἄρχεται δὲ ἐνάτης ὥρας καὶ τελευτᾷ εἰς διαγελῶσαν ἡμέραν.
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{{ls
|lstext='''ὄρθρος''': ὁ, ὁ ὀλίγον πρὸ τῆς ἕω [[χρόνος]], μικρὸν πρὸ τῆς αὐγῆς, (ἀπ’ ὄρθρου [[μέχρι]] περ ἄν [[ἥλιος]] ἀνίσχῃ Πλάτ. Νόμ. 951D)· [[τάχα]] δ’ [[ὄρθρος]] ἐγίγνετο δημιοεργὸς Ὁμ. Ὕμν. εἰς Ἑρμ. 98, Ἀριστοφῶν ἐν «Πυθαγοριστῇ» 1. 8· [[ἐπειδὰν]] ὄ. ᾖ Ἀριστοφ. Ἀχ. 256, πρβλ. Ὄρν. 496, κτλ.· ὄρθρου, κατὰ τὸν ὄρθρον, Ἡσ. Ἔργ. κ. Ἡμ. 575· ὄρθρου γενομένου Ἡρόδ. 1. 196· ἅμα ὄρθρῳ ὁ αὐτ. 7. 188, Θουκ. 3. 112, κτλ.· ἐς ὄρθρον Θεοκρ. 18. 56, πρβλ. Ξεν. Κυν. 6, 6· κατ’ ὄρθρον Ἀριστοφ. Σφῆκ. 772· περὶ ὄρθρον Θουκ. 6. 101 (πρβλ. [[περίορθρος]])· πρὸς ὄρθρον Ἀριστοφ. Λυσ. 2089· πρὸς ὄρθρον γ’ ἐστὶν ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Ἐκκλ. 20· [[οὕτως]], ὑπ’ ὄρθρον Βατραχομυομ. 103. ὑπὸ τὸν ὄ. Δίων Κ. 76. 17· τὸν ὄρθρον, ἀπολ., ἐνωρίς, τὸ πρωΐ, Ἡρόδ. 4. 181· δι’ ὄρθρων, πᾶσαν πρωΐαν ἐνωρίς, Εὐρ. Ἠλ. 909 ― [[ὄρθρος]] [[βαθύς]], [[λίαν]] πρωΐ, πρὸ τῆς αὐγῆς, ἀλλὰ νῦν ὄ. βαθὺς Ἀριστοφ. Σφῆκ. 216, πρβλ. Πλάτ. Κρίτωνα 43Α· τῆς παρελθούσης νυκτός …, ἔτι βαθέος ὄρθρου ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Πρωτ. 310Α. ΙΙ. Ὄρθρος, ὁ, [[μυθικός]] τις [[κύων]], υἱὸς τοῦ Τυφῶνος καὶ τῆς Ἐχίδνης, φυλάττων τὰς ἀγέλας τοῦ Γηρυόνου ἐπὶ τῆς νήσου Ἐρυθείας, [[ἔνθα]] καὶ ἐφονεύθη ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἡρακλέους, Ἡσ. Θεογ. 309, πρβλ. 293.
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{{bailly
|btext=ου (ὁ) :<br />point du jour, aurore : [[ὄρθρος]] [[βαθύς]] AR la première aurore, le jour naissant, le petit jour ; περὶ ὄρθρον THC, κατ’ ὄρθρον AR, πρὸς ὄρθρον AR, τὸ πρὸς ὄρθρον XÉN au point du jour ; ὄρθρου, τὸν ὄρθρον HDT <i>m. sign.</i> ; [[ἅμα]] ὄρθρῳ HDT avec le jour naissant.<br />'''Étymologie:''' R. Ὀρ, se lever ; v. [[ὄρνυμι]].
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{{StrongGR
|strgr=from the [[same]] as [[ὄρος]]; [[dawn]] (as [[sun]]-[[rise]], [[rising]] of [[light]]); by [[extension]], [[morn]]: [[early]] in the [[morning]].
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{{Thayer
|txtha=ὄρθρου, ὁ (from ὈΡΩ, [[ὄρνυμι]] to [[stir]] up, [[rouse]]; cf. Latin orior, ortus), from [[Hesiod]] [[down]]; the Sept. for שַׁחַר [[dawn]], and [[several]] times for בֹּקֶר; daybreak, [[dawn]]: ὄρθρου βαθέος or [[βαθέως]] ([[see]] [[βαθέως]] and [[βαθύς]] (on the genitive cf. Winer s Grammar, § 30,11; Buttmann, § 132,26)), at [[early]] [[dawn]], ὄρθρου, at daybreak, at [[dawn]], [[early]] in the [[morning]], [[Hesiod]], Works, 575; the Sept. [[ὑπό]] [[τόν]] ὄρθρον, [[Dio]] Cassius, 76,17).
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{{lsm
|lsmtext='''ὄρθρος:''' ὁ, [[χάραμα]], [[αυγή]], [[λάλημα]] πετεινού, σε Ομηρ. Ύμν., Αριστοφ.· <i>ὄρθρου</i>, την [[αυγή]], σε Ησίοδ.· <i>ὄρθρου γενομένου</i>, σε Ηρόδ.· [[ἅμα]] ὄρθρῳ, στον ίδ. κ.λπ.· επίσης, <i>τὸν ὄρθρον</i>, απόλ., το [[πρωί]], στον ίδ.· <i>δι' ὄρθρων</i>, [[νωρίς]] το [[πρωί]] [[κάθε]] [[μέρα]], σε Ευρ.· [[ὄρθρος]] [[βαθύς]], [[νωρίς]] την [[αυγή]], ακριβώς [[πριν]] το [[χάραμα]], σε Αριστοφ., Πλάτ.
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{{elru
|elrutext='''ὄρθρος:''' ὁ рассвет, утренняя заря, раннее утро: ἀπ᾽ ὄρθρου [[μέχρι]] περ ἂν [[ἥλιος]] ἀνίσχῃ Plat. от рассвета до восхода солнца; ὑπ᾽ ὄρθρον Batr., NT, ὄρθρου Hes., [[ἐπειδὰν]] ὄ. ᾖ и κατ᾽ или πρὸς ὄρθρον Arph., [[ἅμα]] ὄρθρῳ, ὄρθρου γενομένου и τὸν ὄρθρον Her. etc., περὶ ὄρθρον Thuc., εἰς ὄρθρον Xen. с рассветом, на рассвете, на заре; [[ἔτι]] βαθέος ὄρθρου Plat., NT когда еще чуть брезжил рассвет.
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{{etym
|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">time before daybreak, the time of cock-crow, first dawn</b>, later <b class="b2">the beginning day, morning</b> (h.Merc. 98, Hes. Op. 577; on the meaning Wackernagel Unt. 193).<br />Compounds: Some compp., e.g. <b class="b3">ὀρθρο-βόας</b> m. "morning-caller", denom. of the cock (AP; cf. on <b class="b3">ἠϊ-κανός</b>), <b class="b3">τὸ περί-ορθρον</b> [[dawn]] (Th., Hdn.).<br />Derivatives: 1. Adj. <b class="b3">ὄρθρ-ιος</b> <b class="b2">belonging to ὄ., happening at ὄ.</b> (h. Merc. 143), <b class="b3">Όρθρία</b> f. name of a goddess (Schwenn RhM 86, 298); <b class="b3">-ινός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Arat., LXX, AP, cf. <b class="b3">ἑωθ-ινός</b> a.o.), <b class="b3">-ίδιος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (AP: <b class="b3">ἀΐδιος</b> a.o.); comp. forms <b class="b3">ὀρθριαί-τερος</b>, <b class="b3">-τατος</b> (Hdn.), adv. also <b class="b3">ὀρθρί-τερον</b> (pap.) after <b class="b3">πρωΐ-</b>, <b class="b3">ὀψί-τερον</b> (Schwyzer 534, Radermacher Festschr. Kretschmer 154ff.). 2. Verbs: a) <b class="b3">ὀρθρ-εύω</b>, <b class="b3">-ομαι</b> <b class="b2">to be sleepless, awake in the early morning</b> (E., Theoc.) with the backformation <b class="b3">Ὄρθρος</b> m. name of a mythical dog (Hes. Th. 309; Kretschmer Glotta 13, 270), with <b class="b3">ἐπ-</b> also <b class="b2">to be up early</b> (D. Chr., Luc.); b) <b class="b3">-ίζω</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (LXX, Ev. Luc.) with (<b class="b3">ἑπ-)ορθρισμός</b> m. (Aq, Plu.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [cf. 1167]<br />Etymology: Already the meaning <b class="b2">time before daybreak, first light of the morning</b> is not favourable to the old connection to Lat. ([[sol]]) [[oriens]], [[ortus]] m. <b class="b2">rise (of a star)</b>; if <b class="b3">Ϝορθ-αγορίσκος</b> stands for <b class="b3">*Ϝορθρ-</b> (cf. s.v.), this explanation is definitely impossible. Then <b class="b3">ὄρθρος</b> can better be connected with <b class="b3">ὀρθός</b> a. cogn., with which esp. the Slavic cognates, e.g. OCS [[ranъ]] [[ὄρθριος]] Russ. <b class="b2">ráno</b> [[early]] are remarkable. The supposed suffixdiff. in [[ranъ]] from <b class="b2">*u̯rōdh-no-</b> and <b class="b3">ὄρθ-ρος</b> has been explained from an old interchange [[n]] : [[r]] [which does not seem very probable]. Thus <b class="b3">ὄρθρος</b> would be prop. "the growing (of the daylight)" after the dark of midnight, what would agree better with the orig. use of <b class="b3">ὄρθρος</b>. -- Lit. s. on [[ὀρθός]] (after J. Schmidt KZ 33. 456f., Lidén GHÅ 5 [1899] 23f.); Benveniste Origines 19.
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