View source for μάραθον

{{LSJ1
|Full diacritics=μᾰρᾰθον
|Medium diacritics=μάραθον
|Low diacritics=μάραθον
|Capitals=ΜΑΡΑΘΟΝ
|Transliteration A=márathon
|Transliteration B=marathon
|Transliteration C=marathon
|Beta Code=ma/raqon
|Definition=(proparox.), τό, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">fennel, Foeniculum vulgare</b>, <span class="bibl">D.18.260</span>, <span class="bibl">Anaxandr.41.58</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>1.12.2</span>, al.: pl., <span class="bibl">Epich.156</span>, <span class="bibl">159</span>:—also μᾰρᾰθ-ος, ὁ, <span class="bibl">Python 1.13</span>, but ἡ, Lyd.<span class="title">Mag.</span>1.42; of doubtful gender, <span class="bibl">Hermipp.81</span>, Lycusap.<span class="bibl">Orib.8.32.4</span>.</span>
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{{pape
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0094.png Seite 94]] τό, dor. u. att. = [[μάραθρον]], Fenchel, dor. u. att. Form, Epicharm. bei Ath. II, 71 a u. a. comic. ibd.; Nic. Ther. 33. 392, St, ab. 3, 4, 9.
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{{ls
|lstext='''μάρᾰθον''': [ᾰ], τό, ὡς καὶ νῦν [[μάραθον]] ἢ μάλαθρον, Λατ. marathrum, Δημ. 313. 25, Ἀναξανδρ. ἐν «Πρωτ.» 1. 58· - [[ὡσαύτως]] μάραθος, ὁ, Ἐπίχ. παρ’ Ἀθην. 70F, Πύθων [[αὐτόθι]] 596Α· - ἀμφιβόλου γένους παρ’ Ἑρμίππ. ἐν Ἀδήλ. 2· πρβλ. [[Μαραθών]].
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{{bailly
|btext=ου (τό) :<br />fenouil, <i>plante</i>.<br />'''Étymologie:''' DELG terme indigène emprunté ; <i>myc.</i> ma-ra-tu-wo.
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{{eles
|esgtx=[[hinojo]]
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{{lsm
|lsmtext='''μάρᾰθον:''' [ᾰ], τό, το αρωματικό [[φυτό]] [[μάραθο]], Λατ. [[marathrum]], σε Δημ.
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{{elru
|elrutext='''μάρᾰθον:''' (μᾰ) τό укроп Dem.
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{{etym
|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">fennel, Foeniculum vulgare</b> (Epich., D., Thphr.), <b class="b3">-ος</b> m. f. (Hermipp.), also (without loss of the <b class="b3">ρ</b>) <b class="b3">μάραθρον</b> (Alex., hell. pap., Dsc.)<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[maratuwo]] \/[[marathwon]]\/<br />Compounds: Compp. <b class="b3">εὑ-μάραθος</b> <b class="b2">rich in fennel</b> (AP), <b class="b3">ἱππο-μάραθ(ρ)ον</b>'Prangos ferulacea' (Diocl. Med., Thphr., Dsc.; <b class="b3">διὰ τὸ μέγεθος</b>, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 30).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">μαραθίς</b>, <b class="b3">-ίδος</b> f. = <b class="b3">ἱππομ</b>. (Ps.-Dsc.), <b class="b3">μαραθᾶς</b> m. [[fenneltrader]] (Robert Rev. de phil. 70, 52 f.), <b class="b3">μαραθίτης οἶνος</b> (Dsc., Gp.; Redard 97), <b class="b3">Μαραθών</b>, <b class="b3">-ῶνος</b> m. f. (η 80) a. other PN (Tovar Emer. 12, 320).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: As plant-name suspected to be of foreign origin (Schwyzer 61). Explanation from IE by Hesselman Symb. Danielsson 94ff. : to NSwed. <b class="b2">mjärd(r)e</b>, OSw. [[miærdher]] m. n. <b class="b2">fishtrap resp. its funnel-like entrance</b>, PGm. <b class="b2">*merdra-</b>, IE <b class="b2">*mer(ǝ)-dhro-</b> (cf. <b class="b3">βέρεθρον</b> : <b class="b3">βάραθρον</b>); further connections in WP. 2, 272, Pok. 733 [?]. The plant was then called after its funnel-like flower; cf. Strömberg Pflanzenn. 50. Doubts by Debrunner IF 51, 209. The Myc. dorm refutes the proposal. Rather a Pre-Greek word (note <b class="b3">α-α</b>), cf. Schwyzer 1, 61.
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{{mdlsj
|mdlsjtxt=μά˘ρᾰθον, ου, τό,<br />[[fennel]], Lat. [[marathrum]], Dem.
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{{FriskDe
|ftr='''μάραθον''': {márathon}<br />'''Forms''': -ος m. f. (Hermipp. u. a.), auch (ohne dissim. Wegfall des ρ) [[μάραθρον]] (Alex., hell. Pap., Dsk. u. a.)<br />'''Grammar''': n. (Epich., D., Thphr. u.a.),<br />'''Meaning''': [[Fenchel]], [[Foeniculum vulgare]].<br />'''Composita''' : Kompp. [[εὐμάραθος]] [[fenchelreich]] (''AP''), ἱππομάραθ(ρ)ον’Prangos ferulacea’ (Diokl. Med., Thphr., Dsk. u. a.; διὰ τὸ [[μέγεθος]], Strömberg Pflanzennamen 30).<br />'''Derivative''': Davon [[μαραθίς]], -ίδος f. = ἱππομ. (Ps.-Dsk.), μαραθᾶς m. [[Fenchelhändler]] (Robert Rev. de phil. 70, 52 f.), [[μαραθίτης]] [[οἶνος]] (Dsk., Gp.; Redard 97), [[Μαραθών]], -ῶνος m. f. (seit η 80) u. andere ON (Tovar Emer. 12, 320).<br />'''Etymology''' : Als Pflanzenname fremder Herkunft verdächtig (Schwyzer 61). Scharfsinniger und umsichtiger Deutungsversuch aus dem Idg. von Hesselman Symb. Danielsson 94ff. : zu nschwed. ''mjärd''(''r'')''e'', aschw. ''miærdher'' m. n. ‘Fischreuse bzw. trichter-ähnlicher Eingang derselben’, urg. *''merdra''-, idg. *''mer''(''ə'')-''dhro''- (vgl. [[βέρεθρον]] : [[βάραθρον]]); weitere Anknüpfungen bei WP. 2, 272, Pok. 733. Die Pflanze wäre somit nach dem reusenähnlichen Blütenstand benannt; vgl. noch Strömberg Pflanzenn. 50. Zweifel bei Debrunner IF 51, 209.<br />'''Page''' 2,173
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