View source for λυμαίνομαι

{{LSJ1
|Full diacritics=λῡμαίνομαι
|Medium diacritics=λυμαίνομαι
|Low diacritics=λυμαίνομαι
|Capitals=ΛΥΜΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ
|Transliteration A=lymaínomai
|Transliteration B=lymainomai
|Transliteration C=lymainomai
|Beta Code=lumai/nomai
|Definition=(A), (<b class="b3">λῦμα</b> A) <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[cleanse from dirt]], of fullers, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Vict.</span>1.14</span>; v. [[ἀπολυμαίνομαι]].</span><br /><span class="bld">λῡμ-αίνομαι</span> (B), fut. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> λῡμᾰνοῦμαι <span class="bibl">Isoc.11.49</span>, <span class="bibl">D.24.1</span>, etc.: aor. ἐλῡμηνάμην <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>20</span> (v.l. -αίνετο), <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.28</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>719</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.20.12</span>, etc.: also with pass. forms, part. λυμανθέν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>290</span>: pf. <b class="b3">λελύμασμαι</b> (3sg. λελύμανται <span class="bibl">D.9.36</span>, <span class="bibl">21.173</span>); part. -ασμένος <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>7.5.18</span>, <span class="bibl">D.45.27</span>; inf. λελυμάνθαι <span class="bibl">Id.20.142</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>3p.57</span> (iii B. C.): cf. [[διαλυμαίνομαι]]: some of these forms are also used in pass. sense, v. infr. <span class="bibl">11</span>: (λύμη):—[[outrage]], [[maltreat]], esp. of personal injuries, scourging, binding, etc. (cf. <span class="bibl">D.23.33</span>), but also in moral sense:—Constr.: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> c. acc., [[outrage]], [[maltreat]], ὅτι τὸν ξεῖνον… δήσας λυμαίνοιτο <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.33</span>; τὴν ἵππον ἐλυμήναντο ἀνηκέστως <span class="bibl">Id.8.28</span>; ὀργῇ χάριν δούς, ἥ σ' ἀεὶ λυμαίνεται <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>855</span>; <b class="b3">λ. λέχη</b> [[dishonour]]... <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>354</span>: c. acc. cogn. added, τοιαῦτα… Σοφοκλέης λυμαίνεται… ἐμὲ τὸν Τηρέα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>100</span>; λύμης ἥν μ' ἐλυμήνω πάρος <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>1099</span>; also in Att. Prose, λ. νόμους Lys.30. 26, cf. <span class="bibl">D.18.312</span>; <b class="b3">τὰς ῥήσεις ἃς ἐλυμαίνου</b> the speeches you [[used to murder]] (as an actor), ib.267; later simply, [[harm]], [[injure]], βλασφημεῖν καὶ -εσθαι τὸν σοφόν <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Lib.</span>p.10</span> O., cf. <span class="title">Ir.</span>p.33 W.; of things, [[spoil]], [[ruin]], νοῦσος λ. τὸ σῶμα <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Morb.Sacr.</span>11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">VM</span>6</span>; τὰ -όμενα γαστέρας καὶ κεφαλὰς καὶ ψυχάς <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.3.6</span>; <b class="b3">ὀψοποιΐα λ. τὰ ὄψα</b> ib.<span class="bibl">3.14.5</span>; λ. τὴν οἰκίαν <span class="bibl">Is.6.18</span>; τοὺς χυλούς <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">CP</span>6.17.5</span>; τὰ παρόντα <span class="bibl">Epicur. <span class="title">Sent.Vat.</span>35</span>; θλίβει καὶ λ. τὸ μακάριον <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1100b28</span>; <b class="b3">λ. τοῦ ἀραχνίου</b> [[spoil part of]] it, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HA</span>623a20</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. dat., [[inflict indignities]] or [[outrages upon]], νεκρῷ <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.214</span>,<span class="bibl">9.79</span>; μειρακίοις <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span> 928</span> (anap.); ἡ ὕβρις τοῖς ὅλοις πράγμασι λ. <span class="bibl">Isoc.20.9</span>; ἡ κακία λ. τοῖς ὅλοις <span class="bibl">D.18.303</span>; λ. τῇ καταστάσει <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.3.26</span>; <b class="b3">τῇ ἑαυτοῦ δόξῃ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">7.5.18</span>; πονηροὶ… αὑτοῖς -αίνονται <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Sent.Vat.</span>53</span>; τοῖς… προῃρημένοις <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1409.21</span> (iii A. D.).—The constr. with dat. is considered strictly Att., Sch.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>925</span>; but X. almost always uses the acc., which is freq. also in the Oratt.; Pl. does not use the word at all. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> abs., [[cause ruin]], ὅσα μετ' ἐλπίδων λυμαίνεται <span class="bibl">Th.5.103</span>; πᾶν τὸ λυμαινόμενόν ἐστιν ἔνδοθεν <span class="bibl">Men.540.3</span>; [[cause damage]], IG5(2).6.16 (Tegea, iv B. C.); also, [[inflict punishment]], ib. 5 (1). 1390.26 (Andania, i B. C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> c. dat. modi, <b class="b3">λυμαίνεσθαι [τινα] λύμῃσι ἀνηκέστοισι</b> [[treat]] with the worst <b class="b2">ill-treatment</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.12</span>; <b class="b3">γλῶτταν ἡδοναῖς λ</b>. [[defile]] it, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1284</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> c. neut. Adj., <b class="b3">τἆλλα πάντα λυμαίνεσθαι</b> [[inflict]] all possible [[indignities]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.16</span>; αὐτῷ τάδ' ἄλλα Βάκχιος λ. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>632</span> (troch.), cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>100</span> (supr.<span class="bibl">1.1</span>). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> Act. <b class="b3">λυμαίνω</b>, only late, <span class="bibl">Lib. <span class="title">Decl.</span>13.6</span>; but <b class="b3">λυμαίνομαι</b> is sts. Pass., δεδεμένος καὶ -όμενος <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.63</span>; ὑπὸ τοιούτων ἀνδρῶν λυμαίνεσθε <span class="bibl">Lys.28.14</span>; πλάστιγγι λυμανθὲν δέμας <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>290</span>; λελυμάνθαι <span class="bibl">D.20.142</span>; λελυμασμένος <span class="bibl">Paus.7.5.4</span>, <span class="bibl">10.15.4</span>; ἐλελύμαντο <span class="bibl">D.C.39.11</span>; cf. διαλυμαίνομαι <span class="bibl">11</span>.</span>
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{{ls
|lstext='''λῡμαίνομαι''': ([[λῦμα]]) [[καθαρίζω]] ἀπὸ ῥύπου, ἴδε [[ἀπολυμαίνομαι]].
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{{StrongGR
|strgr=[[middle]] [[voice]] from a [[probably]] derivative of [[λύω]] ([[meaning]] [[filth]]); [[properly]], to [[soil]], i.e. ([[figuratively]]) [[insult]] ([[maltreat]]): [[make]] havock of.
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{{Thayer
|txtha=[[imperfect]] ἐλυμαινομην; deponent [[middle]]; ([[λύμη]] [[injury]], [[ruin]], [[contumely]]); from [[Aeschylus]] and [[Herodotus]] [[down]];<br /><b class="num">1.</b> to [[affix]] a [[stigma]] to, to dishonor, [[spot]], [[defile]] (to [[treat]] [[shamefully]] or [[with]] [[injury]], to [[ravage]], [[devastate]], [[ruin]]: ἐλυμαίνετο [[τήν]] ἐκκλησίαν, said of Saul as the [[cruel]] and [[violent]] persecutor (A. V. made havock of), Acts 8:3.
}}
{{grml
|mltxt=<b>(I)</b><br />[[λυμαίνομαι]] (Α) [[[λύμα]] (I)]<br />[[καθαρίζω]] [[κάτι]] από [[λύμα]], από [[βρομιά]], [[αφαιρώ]] τον ρύπο, [[κάνω]] [[κάτι]] καθαρό («πολλοὺς [[οἶδα]] ἰητρούς, οἳ πολλὰ ἤδη ἐλυμήναντο», Ιπποκρ.).<br /> <b>(II)</b><br />(AM [[λυμαίνομαι]])<br /><b>βλ.</b> [[λυμαίνω]].
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{{lsm
|lsmtext='''λῡμαίνομαι:''' αποθ., εν μέρει στους Μέσ. τύπους, μέλ. <i>λυμᾰνοῦμαι</i>, αόρ. <i>ἐλυμηνάμην</i>· επίσης, στους Παθ. τύπους, μτχ. αορ. <i>λυμανθείς</i>· παρακ. <i>λελύμασμαι</i>, γʹ ενικ. [[λελύμανται]], μτχ. <i>λελυμασμένος</i> ([[λύμη]])·<br /><b class="num">I. 1.</b> [[συμπεριφέρομαι]] ταπεινωτικά, κακομεταχειρίζομαι, [[κακοποιώ]], με αιτ., σε Ηρόδ., Σοφ., κ.λπ.· με σύστ. αιτ., <i>λύμης ἥν μ' ἐλυμήνω</i>, σε Ευρ.· λέγεται για πράγματα, [[τὰς]] ῥήσεις ἃς ἐλυμαίνου, τα [[λόγια]] που συνήθιζες να «σκοτώνεις» (ως [[ηθοποιός]]), σε Δημ.· ὀψοποιΐα [[λυμαίνομαι]] τὰ ὄψα, σε Ξεν.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> με δοτ., [[ατιμάζω]], [[επιφέρω]] [[βλάβη]], [[φθείρω]], [[καταστρέφω]], σε Ηρόδ., Αριστοφ., κ.λπ.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> απόλ., [[προξενώ]] όλεθρο, [[καταστροφή]], σε Θουκ., Ξεν.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> [[ενίοτε]] ως Παθ., λυμανθὲν [[δέμας]], σε Αισχύλ.· <i>λελυμάνθαι</i>, σε Δημ.
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{{elru
|elrutext='''λῡμαίνομαι:'''<br /><b class="num">1)</b> подвергаться порче, портиться (ἃ [[οὔτε]] κατασήπεται [[οὔτε]] λυμαίνεται Xen.);<br /><b class="num">2)</b> портить, ухудшать (τὰ ὄψα Xen.);<br /><b class="num">3)</b> расстраивать, омрачать (τὸ μακάριον Arst.);<br /><b class="num">4)</b> покрывать позором, позорить, бесчестить, осквернять (τὰ λέχη Eur.; τῷ νεκρῷ Her.; μειρακίοις Arph.): τῇ [[ἑαυτοῦ]] [[δόξῃ]] λελυμασμένος Xen. утратив(ший) свое доброе имя;<br /><b class="num">5)</b> попирать, нарушать (νόμους Lys.);<br /><b class="num">6)</b> разрушать, губить: ὅσα μετ᾽ ἐλπίδων λυμαίνεται Thuc. (все), что разрушает надежды; λ. τινι τὴν πρᾶξιν Xen. вредить чьим-л. действиям;<br /><b class="num">7)</b> наносить обиды, обижать, притеснять (τινὰ λύμῃσι ἀνηκέστοισι Her.; τὴν ἐκκλησίαν NT);<br /><b class="num">8)</b> наносить поражение, разбивать наголову (τὴν ἵππον Her.): μεθεστάναι καὶ λελυμάνθαι Dem. окончательно погибнуть.
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{{mdlsj
|mdlsjtxt=[[λύμη]]<br /><b class="num">I.</b> to [[treat]] with [[indignity]], to [[outrage]], to [[maltreat]], c. acc., Hdt., Soph., etc.; c. acc. cogn., λύμης, ἥν με ἐλυμήνω Eur.:—of things, τὰς ῥήσεις ἃς ἐλυμαίνου the speeches you used to [[murder]] (as an [[actor]]), Dem.; [[ὀψοποιία]] λ. τὰ ὄψα spoils, Xen.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> c. dat. to [[inflict]] indignities or outrages [[upon]], Hdt., Ar., etc.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> absol. to [[cause]] [[ruin]], Thuc., Xen.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> [[sometimes]] as Pass., λυμανθὲν [[δέμας]] Aesch.; λελυμάνθαι Dem.
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