View source for tenebrae

{{Lewis
|lshtext=<b>tĕnē&#774;brae</b>: ārum (collat. form tĕnē&#774;-bra, ae, Lampr. Commod. 16; App. M. 5, p. 167, 25), f. [[akin]] to Sanscr. tamisra, [[dark]]; cf. timere,<br /><b>I</b> [[darkness]] (stronger [[than]] [[obscuritas]], and weaker [[than]] [[caligo]]; freq. and [[class]].).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen.: veluti pueri omnia caecis In tenebris metuant, Lucr. 2, 56: [[tempestas]] [[atque]] [[tenebrae]] Coperiunt maria ac terras, id. 6, 491: cum obscurato [[sole]] [[tenebrae]] factae essent [[repente]], Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25; cf.: nos tenebras cogitemus tantas, quantae, etc., id. N. D. 2, 38, 96: tetrae [[tenebrae]] et [[caligo]], id. Agr. 2, 17, 44; v. [[caligo]]: tenebras et solitudinem nacti, id. Fin. 3, 11, 38: incultu, tenebris, odore foeda [[atque]] [[terribilis]] ejus (Tulliani) [[facies]] est, Sall. C. 55, 4: ipsis noctis tenebris, Quint. 10, 6, 1: obtentā densantur nocte [[tenebrae]], Verg. G. 1, 248: [[neve]] velit (Sol) tenebras inducere rebus, Ov. M. 2, 395: tacitae, Sen. Med. 114. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In partic.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The [[darkness]] of [[night]], [[night]]: redire [[luce]], non tenebris, Cic. Phil. 2, 30, 76: classem in statione [[usque]] ad noctem tenuit: primis tenebris movit, Liv. 31, 23, 4: [[somnus]] qui faciat breves tenebras, Mart. 10, 47, 11: tenebris, [[during]] the [[night]], Tib. 1, 6, 59; 2, 1, 76; Ov. Am. 1, 6, 10: tenebris obortis, Nep. Eum. 9, 5: per tenebras, Luc. 2, 686: (me) videt pulsis [[Aurora]] tenebris, Ov. M. 7, 703: effulget tenebris [[Aurora]] fugatis, id. ib. 2, 144.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The [[darkness]] or [[dimness]] of a [[swoon]], a [[swoon]]: [[tenebrae]] oboriuntur, genua [[inedia]] succidunt, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 30; Verg. A. 11, 824; Ov. M. 2, 181; 12, 136; id. Tr. 1, 3, 91; id. H. 13, 23; Luc. 3, 735; Plin. 7, 6, 5, § 41.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The [[darkness]] of [[death]], [[death]]-shades ([[poet]]. and [[rare]]): juro, Me [[tibi]] ad extremas mansuram tenebras, Prop. 2, 20 (3, 13), 17; cf.: (urbes) ad Erebi profundos [[hiatus]] abactae, aeternis tenebris occultantur, Amm. 17, 7, 13; cf. also in a [[play]] [[upon]] this signif. and [[that]] of B. 1.: certum'st mihi [[ante]] tenebras (i. e. noctem) tenebras (i. e. mortem) persequi, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 88.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Blindness ([[poet]]. and [[very]] [[rare]]): occidit [[extemplo]] [[lumen]] tenebraeque sequuntur, Lucr. 3, 415: tenebras et cladem lucis ademptae Obicit, Ov. M. 3, 515; 3, 525; Stat. Th. 4, 407. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> Transf., concr., a [[dark]], [[gloomy]] [[place]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[dark]] bathing-[[place]]: Grylli, Mart. 2, 14, 13 (cf. id. 1, 60, 3).—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[prison]], [[dungeon]]: clausi in tenebris, cum maerore et luctu morte graviorem vitam exigunt, Sall. J. 14, 15: in atras et profundas tenebras eum claudebant, [[Tubero]] ap. Gell. 6, 4, 3. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Lurking-places, haunts: [[emersus]] ex diuturnis tenebris lustrorum ac stuprorum, Cic. Sest. 9, 20: demonstres, ubi sint tuae [[tenebrae]], Cat. 55, 2.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Dark or [[poor]] lodgings: quanti [[nunc]] tenebras unum conducis in annum, Juv. 3, 225. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>5</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The [[infernal]] regions: [[tenebrae]] malae Orci, Cat. 3, 13: infernae, Verg. A. 7, 325; Hor. C. 4, 7, 25: Stygiae, Verg. G. 3, 551: [[quid]] Styga, [[quid]] tenebras timetis? Ov. M. 15, 154.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop., [[darkness]], [[gloom]], [[obscurity]] of the [[mind]], of [[fame]], of [[fortune]], [[fate]], etc. ([[class]].): [[isti]] tantis offusis tenebris ne scintillam [[quidem]] ullam nobis ad dispiciendum reliquerunt, Cic. Ac. 2, 19, 61: obducere tenebras rebus clarissimis, id. ib. 2, 6, 16; cf.: omnibus fulgore quodam suae claritatis tenebras obduxit, Quint. 10, 1, 72: quas tu mihi tenebras cudis? [[what]] [[darkness]] are [[you]] [[raising]] [[about]] me? i. e. [[what]] [[trick]] are [[you]] playing me? Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 40: tenebras dispulit calumniae, Phaedr. 3, 10, 42: quae jacerent omnia in tenebris, [[nisi]] litterarum [[lumen]] accederet, [[obscurity]], [[concealment]], Cic. Arch. 6, 14: vestram familiam abjectam et obscuram e tenebris in lucem evocavit, id. Deiot. 11, 30; cf.: o [[tenebrae]], o [[lutum]], o [[sordes]] ([[Piso]])! [[obscurity]], i. e. [[low]] [[birth]], [[baseness]], id. Pis. 26, 62; id. Att. 7, 11, 1: vitae, [[gloomy]] [[fate]] or fortunes, Lucr. 2, 15: qui [[tibi]] [[aestus]], qui [[error]], qui [[tenebrae]] erunt, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45: in illis rei publicae tenebris caecisque nubibus et procellis, id. Dom. 10, 24: ex superioris anni caligine et tenebris lucem in re publicā dispicere, id. Red. in Sen. 3, 5: si [[quid]] tenebrarum offudit [[exilium]], id. Tusc. 3, 34, 82: [[tamquam]] si offusa rei publicae sempiterna nox esset, ita ruebant in tenebris omniaque miscebant, id. Rosc. Am. 32, 91.
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{{Gaffiot
|gf=<b>tĕnĕbræ</b>,⁸ ārum, f.,<br /><b>1</b> obscurité, ténèbres : Cic. Rep. 1, 25 ; Nat. 2, 96 ; Fin. 3, 38 ; tetræ tenebræ Cic. Agr. 2, 44, noires ténèbres<br /><b>2</b> = nuit : Cic. Phil. 2, 76 ; Nep. Eum. 9, 5 ; Liv. 31, 23, 4<br /><b>3</b> nuage sur les yeux [dans un évanouissement] : Pl. Curc. 309 ; Virg. En. 11, 824 ; Ov. M. 2, 181, etc.<br /><b>4</b> ténèbres de la mort : Prop. 2, 20, 17 &#124;&#124; de la cécité : Lucr. 3, 415 ; Ov. M. 3, 515<br /><b>5</b> réduit ténébreux, prison : Sall. J. 14, 15 ; Gell. 6, 4, 3 &#124;&#124; cachette : Catul. 55, 2 &#124;&#124; enfers : Virg. En. 7, 325, etc. ; Hor. O. 4, 7, 25<br /><b>6</b> [fig.] obscurité dans l’esprit : Cic. Ac. 2, 61 &#124;&#124; ténèbres de l’oubli : Cic. Arch. 14 ; Dej. 30 &#124;&#124; ténèbres d’une situation embrouillée, [[difficile]] : Cic. Domo 24 ; Sen. 5 ; Amer. 91 &#124;&#124; ténèbres du malheur : Cic. Tusc. 3, 72. sing. tenebra Apul. M. 5, 20 ; Lampr. Comm. 16, 2.
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{{Georges
|georg=tenebrae, ārum, f. (dissimiliert aus *temebrae [[für]] *temesrae; [[dies]] zu *temus, eris, vgl. [[temere]] u. altind. támisrā, Finsternis), die Finsternis (Ggstz. [[lux]], [[lumen]]), I) eig. u. übtr.: 1) eig.: a) übh.: Cic. u.a.: taetris tenebris, Cic. – b) die Finsternis der [[Nacht]], die [[Nacht]], [[quo]] [[modo]] redissem [[luce]], [[non]] tenebris, Cic.: [[Antigonus]] tenebris obortis ignes conspicatur, [[als]] es [[finster]] ([[Nacht]]) geworden war, Nep.: primis tenebris movit, Liv.: [[quo]] cum primis se intendentibus tenebris pervenissent, Liv.: ferunt Ti. Caesari fuisse naturam ut [[expergefactus]] [[noctu]] [[paulisper]] [[haud]] [[alio]] [[modo]] [[quam]] clarā [[luce]] contueretur [[omnia]], [[paulatim]] tenebris se obducentibus, Plin. – 2) übtr.: a) die Finsternis = die [[Blindheit]], occĭdit [[extemplo]] [[lumen]] tenebraeque sequuntur, Lucr.: tenebras et cladem lucis ademptae obicit, Ov.: quorum caeca lumina in altissimis tenebris erant, eorum oculos in pristinum restituebat aspectum, Lact. – b) das [[Dunkel]] [[vor]] den Augen [[bei]] [[Ohnmacht]] usw., [[tenebrae]] oboriuntur, genua inediā succĭdunt, es wird [[dunkel]] od. [[schwarz]] [[vor]] den Augen, Plaut.: obortae sunt [[subito]] [[tenebrae]], Sen. rhet.: tenebris nigrescunt [[omnia]] [[circum]], Verg. – c) das Todesdunkel, [[iuro]] me [[tibi]] ad extremas mansurum tenebras, Prop.; vgl. certum est [[mihi]] [[ante]] tenebras (= noctem) persequi tenebras (= mortem). Plaut. – 3) meton., der dunkle-, finstere [[Ort]], das [[Loch]], der[[Schlupfwinkel]], [[von]] der [[Unterwelt]], malae Orci, Catull.: infernae, Hor. u. Verg.: Stygiae, Verg.: absol. b. Verg. u. Ov. – v. [[Gefängnis]], [[clausi]] in tenebris, Sall.: alqm aeternis tenebris vinculisque mandare, Cic.: ex tenebris et carcere procedere, Curt.: in robore et tenebris expirare, Liv. – v. einem Badeorte, Grylli, Mart. – v. einem [[Schlupfwinkel]], [[ubi]] sint tuae [[tenebrae]], Catull.: cum [[illa]] [[coniuratio]] ex latebris [[atque]] ex tenebris erupisset, Cic. – v. Bordelle, [[homo]] [[emersus]] [[subito]] ex diuturnis tenebris lustrorum ac stuprorum, Cic. – II) bildl.: 1) die [[Dunkelheit]], [[Verborgenheit]], [[Niedrigkeit]], [[quae]] iacērent [[omnia]] in tenebris, [[nisi]] etc., Cic.: vestram familiam obscuram e tenebris in lucem evocavit, Cic.: [[neque]] te ex viri amplissimi dignitate, [[sed]] ex tuis tenebris extraham, Cic.: o [[tenebrae]], o [[lutum]], o [[sordes]] ([[Piso]])! Cic. – 2) die Finsternis, das [[Dunkel]], [[vos]] [[denique]] in tantis tenebris erroris et inscientiae clarissimum [[lumen]] menti meae praetulistis, Cic.: si [[quid]] est, [[quod]] indagaris, inveneris, ex tenebris erueris, Cic.: latent ista [[omnia]] crassis occultata et circumfusa tenebris, Cic.: tenebris ignorantiae circumfusi, Lact.: densissimis tenebris involuta mortalium [[mens]], Val. Max.: tantis offusis tenebris ne scintillam [[quidem]] ullam [[nobis]] ad dispiciendum relinquerunt, Cic.: obducere tenebras rebus clarissimis, Cic.: qualibus in tenebris vitae quantisque periculis degitur, in welch finsterem [[Schicksal]], Lucr.: offundunt tenebras ([[sie]] [[führen]] hinters [[Licht]]) et veritatem caligine obducunt, Lact.: si [[quid]] tenebrarum offudit [[exsilium]], in [[trübe]] [[Stimmung]] versetzt, Cic.: [[aber]] tenebras offundere iudicibus, die R. [[mit]] [[Blindheit]] [[schlagen]], Cic. fr.: tenebras dispulit calumniae, Phaedr. – 3) [[Dunst]], [[Schwindel]], quas tu [[mihi]] tenebras [[trudis]]? Plaut. Epid. 476: [[qui]] linguae vitaeque tenebras sequuntur, dem [[Dunst]] in Worten u. Werken [[nachjagen]]. Gell. 10, 22, 1. – / Sing. [[tenebra]], Apul. [[met]]. 5, 20. Lampr. Commod. 16, 2. Ven. [[Fort]]. carm. 10, 17, 36. Gramm, inc. de idiom. [[gen]]. (IV) 582, 54. Gloss. II, 546, 35 u.ö.
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==Translations==
Abkhaz: алашьцара; Albanian: terr, errësirë, mugëtirë; Arabic: ظَلَام‎, ظُلْمَة‎; South Levantine Arabic: عتمة‎; Armenian: խավար, մթություն; Aromanian: ãntunearic, ntunearic, scutidi; Asturian: escuridá; Azerbaijani: qaranlıq, zülmət; Belarusian: це́мра, змрок; Bulgarian: мрак, тъмнина; Catalan: foscor; Central Atlas Tamazight: ⵜⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙⵜ; Cherokee: ᎤᎳᏏᎬᎢ; Chinese Mandarin: 黑暗; Czech: tma, temnota; Danish: mørke; Dutch: duisternis, donkerheid; Esperanto: mallumo; Estonian: pimedus; Ewe: viviti; Finnish: pimeys; French: obscurité, ténèbres, sombreur, noirceur; Galician: escuridade, tebras, mourén, foscume, escureza, calixen; Georgian: სიბნელე, წყვდიადი, უკუნეთი; German: [[Dunkelheit]], [[Finsternis]]; Gothic: 𐍂𐌹𐌵𐌹𐍃; Greek: [[σκοτάδι]], [[έρεβος]], ζόφος; Ancient Greek: [[σκότος]], [[ζόφος]], [[δνόφος]]; Hebrew: חשיכה‎; Hindi: अंधेरा, अन्धेरा; Hungarian: sötétség; Hunsrik: tunkelheet; Icelandic: myrkur, dimma, nifl, ljósleysa; Ido: tenebro; Indonesian: kegelapan; Istriot: tienabre; Italian: buio, oscurità, tenebre; Japanese: 闇, 暗黒; Javanese: pepeteng; Kapampangan: kedalumduman; Kazakh: қараңғылық, түнек; Khmer: ភាពងងឹត; Korean: 암흑(暗黑), 어두움); Kurdish Central Kurdish: تاریکی‎; Latgalian: timss, tymsums; Latin: [[tenebrae]], [[caligo]], [[obscuritas]], [[nox]]; Latvian: tumsa; Lithuanian: tamsa; Lombard: scur; Luxembourgish: Däischtert, Donkelheet; Macedonian: темнина, мрак; Malagasy: ny maìzina; Maltese: dlam; Maori: hinapouri, taipouri, whēuriuri; Marathi: अंधार; Middle English: derknesse; Mongolian: харанхуй; Mwani: kisi; Navajo: chahałheeł; Ngazidja Comorian: hidza Northern Sami: [google]seavdnjat, seavdnjadas; Norwegian Bokmål: mørke; Nynorsk: mørker, mørke; Occitan: foscor; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: тьма; Old English: þīestru; Persian: تیرگی‎, تاریکی‎; Polish: ciemność, mrok; Portuguese: escuridão, trevas; Punjabi Shahmukhi: ہَنیر‎, ہَنیرا‎; Quechua: laqha; Romagnol: bur; Romanian: întuneric, întunecime; Russian: темнота́, [[тьма]], [[мрак]], [[потёмки]]; Sanskrit: रजस्, ध्वान्त, अन्धकार, तमस्; Scottish Gaelic: dubhar, dorchadas, dubh; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: тама; Roman: tama, tamnoća, mračnina, mračnost; Slovak: tma, temnota; Slovene: tema; Spanish: [[oscuridad]]; Sumerian: 𒂿, 𒋯, 𒌖, 𒀯𒅊, 𒍪𒈬𒊌, 𒌓𒄷𒄭; Swedish: mörker; Tagalog: kadiliman; Tamil: இருள்; Telugu: చీకటి, అంధకారము; Thai: ความมืด; Tocharian B: orkamo; Tok Pisin: tudak; Turkish: karanlık; Udi: беъиънкъ, байинкъ; Ugaritic: 𐎎𐎄𐎂𐎚; Ukrainian: те́мрява, тьма́, мо́рок, темно́та, темнота́; Urdu: اندھیرا‎; Vietnamese: bóng tối; Welsh: tywyllwch; West Frisian: tsjusternis; Yiddish: פֿינצטערניש‎ or; Yoruba: òkùnkùn; Yámana: akuš