View source for ἀρχός

{{LSJ1
|Full diacritics=ἀρχός
|Medium diacritics=ἀρχός
|Low diacritics=αρχός
|Capitals=ΑΡΧΟΣ
|Transliteration A=archós
|Transliteration B=archos
|Transliteration C=archos
|Beta Code=a)rxo/s
|Definition=ὁ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[leader]], [[chief]], εἷς δέ τις ἀρχὸς ἀνήρ <span class="bibl">Il.1.144</span>: c. gen., νηῶν <span class="bibl">2.493</span>; οἰωνῶν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.7</span>; [[ruler]], Τειχιούσσης <span class="title">SIG</span>3d (Milet., vi B. C.); [[πόλεως]] (opp. [[ἔτης]]), prob. in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>1014</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> = [[ἄρχων]], <span class="title">IG</span>7.3301, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[ἀρχὸς ἑῴας]] = [[dux Orientis]], [[magister militum per Orientem]], ib.14.1073 (iv A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> of a [[god]], <span class="title">SIG</span>56.26 (Argos, v B. C.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> the [[rectum]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span>5.58</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">HA</span>507a33</span>, <span class="title">Theol.Ar.</span>51. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> the [[anus]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Haem.</span>2</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Epid.</span>5.20</span>.</span>
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{{DGE
|dgtxt=-οῦ, ὁ<br /><b class="num">• Morfología:</b> [dór. beoc. gen. ἀρχῶ <i>ICr</i>.4.250.3 (I a.C.), <i>IG</i> 7.3301 (Queronea II a.C.)]<br /><b class="num">I</b> <b class="num">1</b>[[jefe]], [[príncipe]], [[caudillo]] gener. c. gen. de gentilicios Σαρπηδών τ' ἀ. Λυκίων <i>Il</i>.14.426, Ἀθηναίων <i>Il</i>.13.196, 15.337, Ἀβάντων <i>Il</i>.4.464, Hes.<i>Fr</i>.204.53, cf. <i>Il</i>.5.39, 577, 2.846, 15.516, 519, 2.618, Ἀχαιῶν <i>Od</i>.4.496, Συρακοσίων de Hierón, Pi.<i>P</i>.1.73<br /><b class="num">•</b>ἀρχοὺς αὖ νηῶν ἐρέω en el catálogo de las naves <i>Il</i>.2.493, de grupos o partidas ἐπικούρων <i>Il</i>.5.491, μνηστήρων <i>Od</i>.4.629, ἀρχὸς φηλητέων [[cabecilla]] de ladrones</i>, <i>h.Merc</i>.292<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. πόθεόν γε μὲν ἀρχόν <i>Il</i>.2.703, 726, cf. 234, ἀ. εὖ μαθὼν ἄκοντι Archil.191<i>bis</i>, cf. A.<i>A</i>.125<br /><b class="num">•</b>pred. [[εἷς]] δέ τις ἀ. ἀνὴρ [[βουληφόρος]] ἔστω <i>Il</i>.1.144, cf. 311, <i>Od</i>.4.653, 10.204, [[δώδεκα]] γὰρ κατὰ δῆμον ... βασιλῆες ἀρχοὶ κραίνουσι <i>Od</i>.8.391<br /><b class="num">•</b>de dioses πῦρ πνεόντων ἀ. ἵππων de Helios, Pi.<i>O</i>.7.71, ἀρχὸν φίλον de Faetonte, E.<i>Fr</i>.239D., ἀ. Ὀλύμπου de Zeus, Nonn.<i>D</i>.7.119<br /><b class="num">•</b>fig. de anim. ἀρχὸς οἰωνῶν del [[águila]] príncipe de las aves, Pi.<i>P</i>.1.7, <i>I</i>.6.50<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. juego de palabras sobre [[ἀρχός]] II Epich.6.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[capitán]], [[patrón de nave]] ἀ. ναυτάων <i>Od</i>.8.162, ἀ. ἐν πρύμνᾳ de Jasón, Pi.<i>P</i>.4.194, abs. <i>h.Hom</i>.7.25, 51.<br /><b class="num">3</b> en las [[ciudad]] [[jefe]], [[magistrado]] c. cargo político importante ἀ. Τειχιόσης <i>Didyma</i> 6 (Mileto VI a.C.), ἀ. καὶ Ϝοικιάται <i>SEG</i> 26.449.6 (Epidauro V a.C.), cf. <i>CID</i> 1.9D.26 (Delfos IV a.C.), <i>IChS</i> 2.1 (Pafos IV a.C.), <i>IG</i> 7.3301 (Queronea II a.C.), Κύδαντος κρητάρχα καὶ ἀρχῶ <i>ICr</i>.4.250.3 (I a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>en el [[imperio]] [[romano]] tardío ἀρχὸς ἑώιας tal vez [[dux Orientis]]</i>, <i>IG</i> 14.1073 (IV d.C.).<br /><b class="num">II</b> [[culo]] καὶ τὸν ἀρχὸν ἐπικαλύψας ἐπιπλόῳ (c. juego de palabras sobre [[ἀρχός]] I 1) Epich.6<br /><b class="num">•</b>medic. y anat. [[intestino]], [[recto]] κύστις τε γὰρ καὶ γοναὶ καὶ ἀρχοῦ τὸ χαλαρὸν ἐν τούτῳ ἔκτισται en ese sitio se alojan (en la última [[curvatura]] de la [[espina]] [[dorsal]]) la [[vejiga]], los órganos de la generación y la parte elástica del [[recto]]</i> Hp.<i>Art</i>.45, cf. <i>Aph</i>.5.58, <i>Liqu</i>.6, <i>Theol.Ar</i>.51, Clem.Al.<i>Paed</i>.2.10.92<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[ano]] τελευτῶσι δὲ ἐς τὸν ἀρχόν de ciertas venas, Hp.<i>Nat.Hom</i>.11, <i>Haem</i>.2, <i>Epid</i>.5.20, en la anat. animal πρὸς τὴν ἔξοδον τῆς τροφῆς καὶ τὸν καλούμενον ἀρχόν Arist.<i>HA</i> 507<sup>a</sup>33, cf. <i>PA</i> 675<sup>b</sup>10, <i>GA</i> 773<sup>a</sup>28, <i>Pr</i>.876<sup>b</sup>15.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> La forma [[ἀρχός]] ‘[[culo]]’ se ha rel. c. gr. [[ὄρρος]] de una raíz *<i>H3er</i>- y het. <i>arra</i>- ‘[[ano]]’ en cuyo caso no sería euf. de ‘[[jefe]]’.
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{{pape
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0366.png Seite 366]] ὁ, 1) der Anführer, oft bei Hom., z. B. Iliad. 1, 144. 311. 2, 493. 541. 618 Od. 4, 629. 653. 8, 162. 391. 10, 204. 21, 187; ἵππων, οἰωνῶν Pind. Ol. 7, 71 P. 1, 7; Tragg.; nach Dion. Hal. 5, 74 bes. bei den Thessaliern üblich. – 2) der After, Arist. H. A. 2, 17.
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{{ls
|lstext='''ἀρχός''': ὁ, [[ἀρχηγός]], ἄρχων, [[ἡγεμών]], [[κυβερνήτης]], εἷς δέ τις ἀρχὸς [[ἀνήρ]] [[βουληφόρος]] ἔστω Ἰλ. Α. 144· μετὰ γεν. ἀρχούς αὖ [[νηῶν]] [[ἐρέω]] νῆάς τε προπάσας Β. 493, κτλ. Πινδ. ΙΙ. 1. 13, κτλ. ΙΙ. τὸ ὀρθὸν [[ἔντερον]], ἐπὶ ἀρχῷ φλεγμαίνοντι καὶ ὑστέρῃ φλεγμαινούσῃ Ἱππ. Ἀφ. 1255, Ἀριστ. Ἱστ. Ζ. 2. 17, 7 κ. ἄλλ.
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{{bailly
|btext=οῦ (ὁ) :<br /><b>1</b> guide;<br /><b>2</b> chef ; qui est le premier, le plus puissant.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[ἄρχω]].
}}
{{Autenrieth
|auten=[[leader]], [[commander]].
}}
{{Slater
|sltr=[[ἀρχός]] [[leader]], [[ruler]] αἰετὸς ἀρχὸς οἰωνῶν (P. 1.7) [[οἷα]] Συρακοσίων ἀρχῷ δαμασθέντες πάθον i. e. Hieron (P. 1.73) ἀρχὸς ἐν πρύμνᾳ [[Jason]] (P. 4.194) ἀρχοὶ δ' [[οὐκ]] ἔτ [[ἔσαν]] Ταλαοῦ παῖδες sc. [[τοῦ]] Ἄργους (N. 9.14) ἀρχὸν οἰωνῶν μέγαν αἰετόν (I. 6.50) ὁ [[γενέθλιος]] ἀκτίνων [[πατήρ]], [[πῦρ]] πνεόντων ἀρχὸς ἵππων [[master]] sc. Helios (O. 7.71)
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{{grml
|mltxt=ο<br /><b>1.</b> ο επικεφαλής, ο [[αρχηγός]]<br /><b>2.</b> ο [[άρχοντας]], ο [[ευγενής]].<br />[<b><span style="color: brown;">ΕΤΥΜΟΛ.</span></b> <span style="color: red;"><</span> [[άρχων]], με μεταπλασμό ([[πρβλ]]. [[γέρων]] > [[γέρος]], [[δράκων]] > [[δράκος]], [[Χάρων]] > <i>Χάρος</i>)].<br />ο ο (Α [[ἀρχός]])<br />το [[ορθό]] έντερον<br /><b>αρχ.</b><br />ο [[αρχηγός]], ο [[στρατηγός]].<br />[<b><span style="color: brown;">ΕΤΥΜΟΛ.</span></b> <span style="color: red;"><</span> [[άρχω]]. Ο τ. απαντά στον Όμηρο και στον Πίνδαρο για να χαρακτηρίσει «τον αρχηγό», ενώ ο Ιπποκράτης και ο Αριστοτέλης τον χρησιμοποιούν για να δηλώσουν «τον πρωκτό, τον δακτύλιο» ([[πρβλ]]. <i>όρρος</i>], πιθ. κατ' ευφημισμό, υποδηλώνοντας την [[έννοια]] «της [[απαρχής]], του θεμελίου»].
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{{lsm
|lsmtext='''ἀρχός:''' ὁ, [[οδηγός]], [[αρχηγός]], [[ηγέτης]], επικεφαλής, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.
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{{elru
|elrutext='''ἀρχός:''' ὁ<br /><b class="num">1)</b> [[предводитель]], [[начальник]], [[вождь]], Hom., Pind.; вожак (αἰετὸς ἀ. οἰωνῶν Pind.);<br /><b class="num">2)</b> [[анальное отверстие]] (ἡ [[ἔξοδος]] τῆς τροφῆς καὶ ὁ ἀ. Arst.).
}}
{{etym
|etymtx=1. See also: [[ἄρχω]]<br />2.<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[rectum]], [[anus]] (Hp.).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Unknown. Or = 1. [[ἀρχός]], jokingly? - Froehde BB 21, 325 and Specht Ursprung 238 (cf. also 254) think of connection with [[ὄρρος]], what Frisk calls "ganz willkürlich".
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{{mdlsj
|mdlsjtxt=a [[leader]], [[chief]], [[commander]], Il.
}}
{{FriskDe
|ftr='''ἀρχός''': 1.<br />{arkhós}<br />'''Etymology''': Verbalnomen von [[ἄρχω]], s. d.<br />'''Page''' 1,158<br />2.<br />{arkhós}<br />'''Grammar''': m.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Mastdarm]], [[After]] (Hp., Arist.).<br />'''Etymology''': Etymologie unbekannt. Oder einfach = 1. [[ἀρχός]] als scherzhafte Ironie in euphemistischer Absicht? — Verfehlt Prellwitz KZ 47, 295, s. WP. 1, 143. Nach Froehde BB 21, 325 und Specht Ursprung 238 (vgl. auch 254) Nebenform zu [[ὄρρος]]; ganz willkürlich.<br />'''Page''' 1,158-159
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{{trml
|trtx====ruler===
Afrikaans: heerser; Albanian: sundimtar; Arabic: حَاكِم‎; Egyptian Arabic: حاكم‎; Armenian: տիրակալ; Azerbaijani: hökmdar, hakim, hökmran; Bashkir: батша, хаким; Belarusian: праві́цель; Bengali: শাসক; Bulgarian: властелин, господар, владетел; Burmese: အုပ်ချုပ်သောသူ; Catalan: líder, governant; Cherokee: ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ; Chinese Mandarin: 統治者, 统治者; Czech: vládce; Danish: hersker; Dutch: [[heerser]]; Esperanto: regnestro; Estonian: riigivalitseja; Finnish: hallitsija; French: [[dirigeant]], [[chef]]; Georgian: მმართველი; German: [[Herrscher]]; Gothic: 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃; Greek: [[κυβερνήτης]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἄρχων]], [[ἡγεμών]], [[ἀρχός]]; Haitian Creole: chèf; Hebrew: מַנְהִיג‎, שַׁלִּיט‎; Hindi: शासक; Hungarian: uralkodó; Indonesian: penguasa; Irish: rialtóir; Italian: [[sovrano]]; Japanese: 支配者, 知事, 統治者; Javanese: ratu; Kikuyu: mũthamaki Korean: 통치자(統治者); Kyrgyz: бий; Latgalian: vaļdinīks; Latin: [[tyrannus]]; Latvian: valdnieks; Lithuanian: valdovas; Macedonian: владетел; Malay: penguasa, pemerintah; Middle English: reuler, senyour; Mongolian Cyrillic: захирагч; Nahuatl: tecutli; Norwegian Bokmål: hersker, makthaver; Nynorsk: herskar, makthavar; Old Prussian: rikīs; Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰍𐰣‎; Persian: حاکم‎, حکمران‎; Polish: władca; Portuguese: [[governante]]; Romanian: guvernant, domnitor; Russian: [[правитель]], [[властелин]], [[властитель]], [[государь]]; Sanskrit: अधिप; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: вла̀да̄р, во̏ђа; Roman: vlàdār, vȍđa; Slovak: vládca; Spanish: [[gobernante]]; Swedish: härskare, ledare; Tagalog: naghahari; Tajik: ҳоким; Telugu: అధికారి; Tocharian B: kamartīke; Turkish: hükümdar; Ukrainian: правитель
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