View source for gubernaculum

{{LaEn
|lnetxt=gubernaculum gubernaculi N N :: helm, rudder, steering oar of ship; helm of "ship of state"; government
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{{Lewis
|lshtext=<b>gŭbernācŭlum</b>: ([[poet]]. contr. gŭ-bernāclum, Lucr. 4, 904; Verg. A. 5, 176; 859; 6, 349 al.), i, n. [[guberno]],<br /><b>I</b> a [[helm]], [[rudder]] (cf. [[clavus]]).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: hominis, non sapientis inventa sunt navigia, additis a [[tergo]] gubernaculis, quae huc [[atque]] [[illuc]] cursum navigii torqueant: [[exemplum]] a piscibus [[tractum]], qui [[cauda]] reguntur, etc., Sen. Ep. 90; cf.: piscium [[meatus]] gubernaculi [[modo]] regunt (caudae), Plin. 11, 50, 111, § 264: ut cruribus [[velut]] gubernaculis demissis cursum dirigeret, Front. 3, 13, 6: hic [[ille]] [[naufragus]] ad [[gubernaculum]] accessit, et navi, [[quoad]] potuit, est [[opitulatus]], Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 154: [[ipse]] gubernaclo [[rector]] subit, [[ipse]] [[magister]], Verg. A. 5, 176.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf., [[guidance]], [[direction]]; esp. of the [[state]], [[government]] ([[usually]] in plur.): clavum tanti imperii [[tenere]] et gubernacula rei publicae tractare, Cic. Sest. 9, 20; cf.: qui ad gubernacula rei publicae sedere debebant, id. Rosc. Am. 18, 51: repelli a gubernaculis civitatum, id. de Or. 1, 11, 46: recedere a gubernaculis, id. Fam. 16, 27, 1: ad gubernacula rei publicae accedere, Liv. 4, 3, 17: [[quis]] ad gubernacula sedeat [[summa]] [[cura]] providendum, id. 24, 8, 13: abicere gubernacula imperii, Val. Max. 7, 6, 1: transferre ad aliquem fortunarum suarum gubernacula, Nazar. [[Pan]]. Const. 27, 2: temperare gubernacula vitae, Plin. 11, 37, 88, § 219.—In sing.: ([[rare]]) [[exercitus]] non [[habilis]] gubernaculo, Vell. 2, 113, 2: [[gubernaculum]] rei publicae [[tenere]], Lact. 1, 1, 14.
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{{Gaffiot
|gf=<b>gŭbernācŭlum</b>,¹¹ et sync. poét. <b>gŭbernaclum</b>, ī, n., gouvernail [d’un navire], timon : Cic. Inv. 2, 154 ; Sen. Ep. 90, 24 &#124;&#124; [fig. au pl.] : ad gubernacula [[rei]] publicæ sedere Cic. Amer. 51, se tenir au gouvernail de l’État, prendre en main le timon des affaires ; gubernacula reipublicæ tractare Cic. Sest. 20, manier le gouvernail de l’État, cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 46 ; Liv. 4, 3, 17 ; 24, 8, 13 &#124;&#124; [sing. [[rare]] : [[exercitus]] [[non]] [[habilis]] gubernaculo Vell. 2, 113, 2, armée [[difficile]] à gouverner.||[fig. au pl.] : ad gubernacula [[rei]] publicæ sedere Cic. Amer. 51, se tenir au gouvernail de l’État, prendre en main le timon des affaires ; gubernacula reipublicæ tractare Cic. Sest. 20, manier le gouvernail de l’État, cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 46 ; Liv. 4, 3, 17 ; 24, 8, 13||[sing. [[rare]] : [[exercitus]] [[non]] [[habilis]] gubernaculo Vell. 2, 113, 2, armée [[difficile]] à gouverner.
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{{Georges
|georg=gubernāculum (poet. synkop. gubernāclum), ī, n. ([[guberno]]), das [[Steuerruder]], I) eig.: gub. [[modicum]], Vulg.: gub. magnum, [[exiguum]], Sen.: gubernacula ingentia et enormia, Apul.: [[navis]] gubernaculo [[parens]], Sen.: [[navis]] gubernaculi [[impatiens]], Curt.: [[piratica]] [[puppis]] ([[Schiff]]) [[orba]] gubernaclis, Claud.: ad [[gubernaculum]] accedere, Cic.: apponere (navi) [[utrimque]] gubernacula, Tac.: gubernaculis assidēre, Plin. pan.: gubernaclum contorquere [[quo]] [[libet]] unum, Lucr.: funduntur liburnicae [[armamenta]] et [[gubernaculum]] diffringitur, Suet.: alci gubernacula eripere (v. der Meereswoge), Sen.: [[gubernaculum]] flectere, Sen.: cum stridunt funes, curvatur [[arbor]] (Mastbaum), gubernacula gemunt, Plin. ep.: [[gubernaculum]] regere, Val. Max. (u. so [[scientia]] regendi gubernaculi, Sen.): gubernacula retorquere, [[nach]] dem [[Ufer]] [[zurücksteuern]] (= [[umkehren]]), Plin. pan.: gubernaclum multā vi [[forte]] revolsum, Verg.: [[tenere]] rapiente fluctu [[gubernaculum]], Sen.: [[rectum]] cursum, [[recta]] gubernacula in [[periculum]] [[tenere]], Plin. ep. – in der [[Vergleichung]], ut cruribus [[velut]] gubernaculis demissis cursum dirigeret, Frontin. 3, 13, 6: piscium [[meatus]] gubernaculi [[modo]] regunt (caudae), Plin. 11, 264: velificatas alas [[quo]] libuit advertens [[modico]] caudae gubernaculo ([[Rudern]]), Apul. flor. 2. p. 2, 16, Kr. – II) bildl., [[wie]] [[unser]] [[Ruder]], [[Steuer]] = [[Lenkung]], [[Leitung]], [[Richtung]], gew. [[von]] der [[des]] Staates [[als]] [[Schiff]] betrachtet, α) gew. im Plur.: accedere ad [[rei]] publicae gubernacula, Cic. u. Liv.: alqm admovere publicae [[salutis]] gubernaculis, Plin. pan., od. publicis gubernaculis, Pacat. pan., od. ad [[rei]] publicae gubernacula, Plin. ep.: ad alqm gubernacula [[rei]] publicae deferre, Cic.: gubernacula [[rei]] publicae prehendere, Cic.: gubernacula [[urbis]] invadere, an das [[Ruder]] der [[Stadt]] [[treten]], [[Flor]].: ad gubernacula [[rei]] publicae sedere, Cic. u. Liv.: clavum [[tanti]] imperii [[tenere]] et gubernacula [[rei]] publicae tractare, Cic.: leges et gubernacula temperare, Vopisc.: senatum a gubernaculis deicere, populum e navi exturbare, Cic.: gubernacula imperii [[sui]] e manibus abicere, Val. Max. (vgl. cum cogar [[exire]] de navi [[non]] abiectis, [[sed]] ereptis gubernaculis, Cic.): depellere ([[verdrängen]]) alqm a publicis gubernaculis, Treb. Poll.: u. so depellere oratorem a gubernaculis civitatum, Cic.: a gubernaculis recedere, Q. Cic. – in andern Beziehungen, arteriarum [[pulsus]]... observatione crebri [[aut]] languidi [[ictus]] gubernacula vitae temperat, [[bedingen]] die [[Richtschnur]] [[des]] Lebens, Plin. 11, 219: transferre ad alqm fortunarum suarum gubernacula, Nazar. pan. 27, 2. – β) ([[selten]]) im Sing.: [[exercitus]] [[non]] [[habilis]] gubernaculo, [[nicht]] [[leicht]] [[sich]] dem [[Kommando]] fügend, [[nicht]] [[leicht]] zu [[kommandieren]] ([[befehligen]]), Vell. 2, 113, 2: [[gubernaculum]] [[rei]] publicae [[tenere]], Lact. 1, 1, 14.
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