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|lshtext=<b>pignus</b>: ŏris and ĕris (old form in plur.:<br /><b>I</b> [[pignosa]] pignora [[eodem]] [[modo]] quo valesii, auselii ... dicebantur, Fest. p. 213 Müll.), n. [[root]] pac-, of [[pango]]; cf. [[paciscor]], a [[pledge]], [[gage]], [[pawn]], [[security]], [[mortgage]] (of persons as [[well]] as things).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: opponere se pigneri, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 85: [[ager]] [[oppositus]] est pignori, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 56: [[servus]], quem hic reliqueram Pignus pro me, Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 19: quo [[facto]] pignore animos centurionum devinxit, Caes. B. C. 1, 39: rem alicujus pignori accipere, Tac. H. 3, 65: pignora [[apud]] se deposita persequi et vindicare, Paul. Sent. 5, 26, 4: sub pignoribus mutuas pecunias accipere, Dig. 13, 7, 12: habere aliquid pignori, ib. 20, 4, 2: liberare [[pignus]] a creditore, ib. 20, 4, 4: pignoribus cavere alicui, ib. 43, 3, 2: [[aurum]] pignori [[apud]] aliquem ponere, ib. 13, 7, 27: [[viginti]] milia [[faenus]] pignoribus positis, [[income]] from mortgages, Juv. 9, 141.—Esp., of the [[security]] for the [[payment]] of his [[fine]], [[which]] [[was]] taken by the [[consul]] of a [[senator]] [[who]] failed to [[attend]] in the Senate: [[pignus]] auferre, Cic. de Or. 3, 1, 4: pignoribus terreri, Crass. ib.; so, senatores pignoribus cogere, Cic. Phil. 1, 5, 12: pignora capere, Liv. 3, 38, 12; of hostages, id. 33, 22: marium pignora, [[male]] hostages, Suet. Aug. 21: [[pignus]] [[praetorium]], the [[security]] [[which]] the prœtor took as a [[guarantee]] for the [[preservation]] of a [[thing]] [[when]] he [[put]] it in the [[possession]] of a [[creditor]], or fidei commissarius, Dig. 13, 7, 26; 41, 5, 12.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Esp., in phrases.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Pignus capere, to [[take]] a [[pledge]] or [[security]] for [[payment]]: certis verbis [[pignus]] capiebatur, Gai. Inst. 4, 29; 26 al.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Pignora capere, to [[issue]] [[execution]], [[make]] [[seizure]] of [[property]]: Vettium, pignoribus captis, cojecit in carcerem, Suet. Caes. 17: eorum, qui debita confessi sunt, pignora capi et distrahi possunt, Paul. Sent. 5, 5 A, 4: per vim debitoris sui pignora, cum non haberet obligata, capere, id. ib. 5, 26, 4.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Pignoris [[capio]], a [[proceeding]] by [[which]] the [[summary]] [[collection]] of [[certain]] debts [[was]] secured, Gai. Inst. 4, 26 (v. Sandars ad Just. Inst. introd. § 96).—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The [[object]] of a [[wager]], a [[wager]], [[stake]]: da [[pignus]], ni ea [[sit]] [[filia]], [[lay]] a [[wager]], [[bet]], Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 34; so id. ib. 36: cum [[illo]] [[dare]], id. Bacch. 4, 9, 133: pignore certare cum [[aliquo]], Verg. E. 3, 31: [[quovis]] pignore contendere, to [[lay]] [[any]] [[wager]], [[bet]] [[any]] [[thing]], Cat. 44, 4: et quaerit posito pignore vincat [[uter]], Ov. A. A. 1, 168: in quodvis [[pignus]] vocare, ni, etc., Gell. 5, 4, 2: ponere [[pignus]] cum [[aliquo]] de re aliquā, Val. Max. 4, 3, 3.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[contract]] in [[which]] [[security]] is given, Dig. 13, 7, 1; 20, 6, 3.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> A [[pledge]], token, [[assurance]], [[proof]]: magnum [[pignus]] ab eo rei publicae datum, se, etc., Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 4: pignora voluntatis, id. Cael. 32, 78: injuriae, id. Phil. 13, 3, 6: societatis, Tac. H. 4, 61: sceleris, id. ib. 4, 57: imperii, id. ib. 3, 72: reconciliatae gratiae [[pignus]], Curt. 6, 7, 35: pignora da, [[genitor]], per quae tua vera [[propago]] Credar, [[sure]] tokens, Ov. M. 2, 38; 5, 247; 7, 497: in vultu pignora mentis habet, id. A. A. 2, 378: digito [[pignus]] [[fortasse]] dedisti, i. e. a [[ring]], Juv. 6, 27.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Concr.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Children, parents, brothers and sisters, relatives, as pledges of [[love]] ([[only]] [[after]] the Aug. [[period]]): [[nunc]] [[tibi]] [[commendo]] communia pignora, natos, Prop. 4 (5), 11, 73; Ov. M. 11, 543: prolemque gemellam Pignora bina dedi, id. H. 6, 121: tot natos natasque et pignora cara nepotes, id. M. 3, 134: ascita pignora, Stat. S. 2, 1, 86: pignora conjugum ac liberorum, Liv. 2, 1, 5: [[obsecratio]] [[illa]] judicum, per carissima pignora, [[utique]], si et reo sint [[liberi]], conjux, parentes, [[utilis]] erit, Quint. 6, 1, 33: habens filiam, uxorem, nepotem, sorores, interque tot pignora veros amicos, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 3; Tac. A. 12, 2: proxima pignora, id. ib. 15, 36: ne in conjugem, in familiam, in [[cetera]] pignora ejus saeviret, id. ib. 16, 26; id. G. 7: frangi aspectu pignorum suorum, id. Agr. 38.—Hence, in gen.,<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Any [[thing]] [[especially]] [[valuable]] or [[dear]]: si [[quis]] [[post]] pignera tanta Pompeio [[locus]] est, Luc. 7, 376.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Poet. transf., a [[graft]], [[scion]], Pall. Insit. 109.
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