View source for Penates

{{Lewis
|lshtext=<b>Pĕnātes</b>: ĭum (Penatis [[singulariter]] [[Labeo]] Antistius posse dici putat, [[quia]] [[pluraliter]] [[Penates]] dicuntur, cum patiatur [[proportio]] [[etiam]] [[Penas]] dici, ut [[optimas]], [[primas]], Antias, Fest. p. 253 Müll. But the [[singular]] is [[never]] used; and for Δενας = Πενας, [[which]] [[some]] [[assume]] in [[Dion]]. Hal. 1, 68, it is [[probably]] [[most]] [[correct]] to [[read]] Δ>IS ΜΑΓΝΙΣ>, v. Ambrosch, Studien und Andeut. vol. i. p. 231 sq.—<br /><b>I</b> Acc. plur. PENATEIS, perh. Tab. Bant. lin. 22), m. from the [[root]] pa, [[whence]] [[pascor]], [[pabulum]], pānis; also [[penus]], and, [[through]] the [[notion]] of a storehouse or [[inner]] [[chamber]], also [[penes]], [[penetro]]; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 270 sq.; cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, p. 425 sq..<br /><b>I</b> Lit., the [[Penates]], old Latin [[guardian]] deities of the [[household]], and of the [[state]] formed of a [[union]] of households, whose [[seat]] [[was]] [[originally]] in [[Lavinium]]; [[usually]] [[connected]] [[with]] di: IN VELIA APVD AEDEM DEVM PENATIVM, Inscr. Varr. L. L. 5, § 54 Müll.; cf.: [[aedes]] deorum Penatium in Veliā, Liv. 45, 16: AEDEM DEVM PENATIVM IN VELIA, Monum. Ancyr.: di [[Penates]], Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 5 sq.: in mensā Penatium deorum, Naev. ap. Prob. Verg. E. 6, 31: sanctis Penatium deorum Larumque familiarium sedibus, Cic. Rep. 5, 5, 7; id. Deiot. 5, 15: MENS. IANVAR. SACRIFICANT. DIS. PENATIBVS, Calend. Farnes. ap. Inscr. Orell. 2, p. 380: v. s. Inscr. Orell. 1677; cf. ib. 1675 and 1678: DIIS. DEABVS PENATIBVS FAMILIARIBVS ET IOVI CETERISQVE DIIBVS, ib. 2118.—Without di: vos [[Penates]] patriique dii, Cic. Sest. 20, 45: [[Ilium]] in Italiam portans victosque Penatis, Verg. A. 1, 68; 5, 62: [[impudens]] liqui patrios Penatis, Hor. C. 3, 27, 49: [[hostia]] Mollivit aversos [[Penates]], id. ib. 3, 23, 19: iniqui, id. ib. 2, 4, 15: profugos posuistis [[Penates]], Ov. M. 3, 539; 9, 445; id. Tr. 1, 3, 45: IVNIANI, Inscr. Orell. 1587; cf., [[respecting]] the [[Penates]], Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 68; Varr. and Nigid. ap. Arn. 3, 123; Macr. 3, 4; Serv. Verg. A. 2, 296 and 325.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf., a [[dwelling]], [[home]], [[hearth]] (cf. [[Lares]], II.): [[Quintius]] a suis dis penatibus [[praeceps]] ejectus, Cic. Quint. 26, 83; id. Rosc. Am. 8, 23: nostris succede penatibus [[hospes]], Verg. A. 8, 123: ferro Libycos populare penates, id. ib. 1, 527: conducti penates, Mart. 8, 75, 1: sub uno tecto esse [[atque]] ad eosdem penates, Liv. 28, 18.—Hence, [[poet]]., of the [[hearth]]: flammis adolere penatis, Verg. A. 1, 704.— Also, of the cells of bees, Verg. G. 4, 155; of the [[temple]] of a [[god]], Stat. Th. 1, 643.
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{{wkpen
|wketx=In ancient Roman religion, the [[Di Penates]] (Latin: [ˈdiː pɛˈnaːteːs]) or [[Penates]] (English: /pɪˈneɪtiːz/ pin-AY-teez) were among the dii familiares, or household deities, invoked most often in domestic rituals. When the family had a meal, they threw a bit into the fire on the hearth for the Penates. They were thus associated with Vesta, the Lares, and the Genius of the pater familias in the "little universe" of the domus. Like other domestic deities, the Penates had a public counterpart.
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