View source for furca

{{LaEn
|lnetxt=furca furcae N F :: (two-pronged) [[fork]]; [[prop]]
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{{Lewis
|lshtext=<b>furca</b>: ae, f. Sanscr. bhur-ig, [[shears]]; cf. Lat. [[forceps]], [[forfex]]; also Gr. [[φάρος]], [[plough]]; Lat. forāre; Engl. [[bore]], Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 299; [[but]] Corss. refers [[furca]] to [[root]] dhar-,=[[fero]], as a [[prop]]. [[support]]; v. Ausspr. 1, 149,<br /><b>I</b> a [[two]]-pronged [[fork]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: exacuunt alii vallos furcasque bicornes, Verg. G. 1, 264: valentes, id. ib. 2, 359: furcis detrudi, Liv. 28, 3, 7; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 11, 2. —Prov.: naturam expellas furcā, [[tamen]] [[usque]] recurret, [[with]] [[might]] and [[main]], Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 24 (v. [[furcilla]]).—<br /><b>II</b> Transf., of things shaped [[like]] a [[fork]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> A forkshaped [[prop]], [[pole]], or [[stake]], for [[carrying]] burdens on the [[back]] or [[shoulder]], Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 2; for supporting the seats of a [[theatre]], Liv. 1, 35, 9; for a [[vine]], Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 32; for [[fishing]]-nets, id. 9, 8, 9, § 31; for the [[gable]] of a [[house]], Ov. M. 8, 700; a [[frame]] on [[which]] [[meat]] [[was]] suspended in the [[chimney]], id. ib. 8, 648.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> An [[instrument]] of [[punishment]] in the form of a [[fork]] (V or II), [[which]] [[was]] placed on the [[culprit]]'s [[neck]], [[while]] his hands were fastened to the [[two]] ends, a [[yoke]] (cf.: [[crux]], [[gabalus]], [[patibulum]]; [[hence]], [[furcifer]]): To. Satis sumpsimus jam supplici. Do. Fateor, [[manus]] [[vobis]] do. To. Post dabis sub furcis, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 71: canem et furcam ferre, id. Cas. 2, 6, 37: [[servus]] per [[circum]], cum virgis caederetur, furcam ferens [[ductus]] est, Cic. Div. 1, 26, 55: [[servus]] sub [[furca]] [[caesus]], Liv. 2, 36, 1 Drak.; Val. Max. 1, 7, 4; Lact. 2, 7, 20: sub [[furca]] [[vinctus]] [[inter]] verbera et [[cruciatus]], Liv. 1, 26, 10: cervicem inserere furcae, Suet. Ner. 49; Eutr. 7, 5; Prud. στεφ. 10, 851.—Hence [[poet]]. to [[designate]] the [[worst]] [[condition]] of [[slavery]]: [[ibis]] sub furcam [[prudens]], Hor. S. 2, 7, 66.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> A [[fork]]-shaped [[gallows]]: aliquem furcā figere, Dig. 48, 19, 28 fin.: furcae subicere, ib. 9: in furcam tollere, ib. 38: in furcam suspendere, ib. 13, 6: in furcam damnare, ib. 49, 16, 3: [[canes]] vivi in [[furca]], sambucea arbore fixi, Plin. 29. 4, 14, § 57.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>D</b> A [[fork]]-shaped [[yoke]] in [[which]] [[young]] bullocks were [[put]] to be tamed, Varr. R. R. 1, 20, 2.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>E</b> Furcae cancrorum, the claws of a [[crab]], App. Mag. p. 297. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>F</b> Furcae Caudinae, the [[narrow]] [[pass]] of [[Caudium]], the Caudine Forks, [[usually]] called Furculae Caudinae (v. [[furcula]], II. and [[Caudium]]), Val. Max. 5, 1, 5 ext.; 7, 2, 17 ext.
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{{Gaffiot
|gf=<b>furca</b>,¹² cæ, f.,<br /><b>1</b> fourche : Cæs. C. 2, 11, 2 ; naturam expelles [[furca]] Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 24, tu peux chasser le naturel à coups de fourche<br /><b>2</b> bois fourchu, étançon : Virg. G. 1, 264 ; Liv. 1, 35, 9 ; Sen. Ep. 90, 10 &#124;&#124; [instrument de [[supplice]] pour les esclaves et qqf. pour les criminels] : Pl. Cas. 389 ; Men. 943, etc. ; Cic. Div. 1, 55 ; Liv. 2, 36, 1 ; [[sub]] furcam [[ibis]] Hor. S. 2, 7, 66, tu iras te mettre la fourche au cou &#124;&#124; fourche patibulaire, gibet : Plin. 29, 57 ; Isid. Orig. 5, 27, 44 &#124;&#124; joug fourchu pour dresser de jeunes taureaux : [[Varro]] R. 1, 20, 2 &#124;&#124; pinces de l’écrevisse : Apul. Apol. 35.||[instrument de [[supplice]] pour les esclaves et qqf. pour les criminels] : Pl. Cas. 389 ; Men. 943, etc. ; Cic. Div. 1, 55 ; Liv. 2, 36, 1 ; [[sub]] furcam [[ibis]] Hor. S. 2, 7, 66, tu iras te mettre la fourche au cou||fourche patibulaire, gibet : Plin. 29, 57 ; Isid. Orig. 5, 27, 44||joug fourchu pour dresser de jeunes taureaux : [[Varro]] R. 1, 20, 2||pinces de l’écrevisse : Apul. Apol. 35.
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{{Georges
|georg=furca, ae, f. ([[verwandt]] [[mit]] [[fulcio]]), die (zweizackige) [[Gabel]], I) eig.: furcā detrudere alqm, Liv.: furcā bicorni levare terga [[suis]], Ov. – sprichw., naturam expellas furcā ([[mit]] der G. = [[mit]] [[aller]] [[Gewalt]]), [[tamen]] [[usque]] recurret. Hor. ep. 1, 10, 24; vgl. [[furcilla]]. – II) übtr.: A) die gabelförmige [[Stütze]], zum Stützen der Reben, valli furcaeque bicornes, Verg.: furcas subdere vitibus, Plin.: vitibus aptare sudes furcasque valentes, Verg.: zum Aufrechterhalten der Netze, die Forkel (Firkel), [[retia]] furcis sublevare, Plin.: zum Stützen eines Baues, furcae duodenos ab [[terra]] spectacula alta sustinentes [[pedes]], Liv.: furcas subiere columnae, Säulen traten an die [[Stelle]] der Stützen, Ov.: furcae [[utrimque]] suspensae fulciebant casam, Sen.: [[ein]] [[Bock]], den [[man]] [[unter]] den [[Wagen]] beim Anspannen setzte, [[damit]] er [[nicht]] umfiel, Edict. Diocl. 15, 9 (wo φοῦρκα). – B) [[ein]] gabelförmiges [[Tragreff]], die [[Gabel]], Plaut. Cas. 438. – u. [[ein]] dem ähnliches Strafwerkzeug ([[zwei]] Hölzer, die, in [[Gestalt]] eines Λ zusammengefügt, [[Nacken]] und [[Rücken]] drückten, [[während]] die Hände an die beiden Enden gebunden waren), das [[Gabelkreuz]], das Sklaven, die [[ein]] Vergehen begangen, [[mit]] [[sich]] [[herumtragen]] mußten, Plaut. Cas. 389, u. [[darin]] steckend gepeitscht wurden, Cic. de div. 1, 55. Liv. 2, 36, 1. Lact. 2, 7, 20: [[ebenso]] [[für]] [[Vater]]- ([[Mutter]]-, [[Geschwister]]-) [[Mörder]], Liv. 1, 26, 10 (vgl. Bremi Suet. Claud. 34): u. [[für]] Staatsfeinde, Suet. Ner. 49, 2. Eutr. 7, 5. – [[ire]] [[sub]] furcam, bildl., in die schmählichste [[Knechtschaft]] [[geraten]]. Hor. [[sat]]. 2, 7, 66. – C) eine gabelförmige [[Art]] [[Galgen]], um Sklaven, Straßenräuber usw. [[daran]] zu [[hängen]], Plin. u. ICt. – D) [[ein]] gabelförmiges [[Joch]], in das [[zahm]] zu machende junge Stiere gebracht wurden, die [[Gabel]], [[Varro]] r. r. 1, 20, 2. – E) cancrorum furcae, die Scheren, Apul. apol. 35. – F) das [[Gestell]], im Ggstz. zum Oberkörper ([[latus]]), deforme est in feminis furcam [[latere]] habere maiorem, Schol. Hor. [[sat]]. 1, 2, 93. – G) [[ein]] enger [[Paß]] in [[Gestalt]] eines V, furcae Caudinae, Val. Max. 5, 1. ext. 5. u. 7, 2. ext. 17 (vgl. [[Caudium]]).
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{{LaZh
|lnztxt=furca, ae. f. :: [[杈]]。[[枷]]
}}
{{trml
|trtx====[[gallows]]===
Arabic: مِشْنَقَة; Egyptian Arabic: مشنقة; Armenian: կախաղան; Azerbaijani: dar ağacı; Basque: urkamendi; Belarusian: шыбеніца; Bulgarian: бесило, бесилка; Burmese: ကြိုးစင်; Catalan: forca; Chinese Hokkien: 絞刑架, 绞刑架; Mandarin: [[絞刑架]], [[绞刑架]], [[絞架]], [[绞架]], [[絞臺]], [[绞台]]; Czech: šibenice; Danish: galge; Dutch: [[galg]]; Esperanto: pendumilo, pendigilo; Estonian: võllas; Faroese: gálgi; Finnish: hirsipuu, hirsi, hirttopaikka; French: [[gibet]], [[potence]]; Georgian: სახრჩობელა; German: [[Galgen]]; Alemannic German: Galge; Greek: [[αγχόνη]], [[κρεμάλα]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀγχόνη]], [[ξύλον]], [[φοῦρκα]]; Hebrew: גַּרְדּוֹם; Hungarian: akasztófa, bitófa, bitó; Icelandic: gálgi; Irish: croch; Italian: [[forca]], [[patibolo]]; Japanese: 絞首台; Kazakh: дар, дар ағашы; Korean: 교수대(絞首臺); Kurdish Northern Kurdish: sêdare; Kyrgyz: дар, дарга; Latin: [[arbor]], [[gabalus]], [[patibulum]]; Latvian: kārtavas; Lithuanian: kartuvės; Low German: Galgen; Luxembourgish: Gaalgen; Macedonian: бесилка; Maori: pou tārore; Nogai: аскак; Norman: gibet; Norwegian: galge; Persian: چوبه دار, دار; Plautdietsch: Gaulj; Polish: szubienica; Portuguese: [[forca]], [[cadafalso]]; Romanian: spânzurătoare; Russian: [[виселица]], [[шибеница]]; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: шибеница, ве̏шала, вје̏шала; Roman: šibenica, vešala, vjȅšala; Slovak: šibenica; Slovene: vislice; Spanish: [[horca]], [[patíbulo]]; Swedish: galge, galgbacke; Tagalog: bibitayan; Tajik: чӯбаи дор, дор; Tatar: дар; Thai: ตะแลงแกง; Turkish: darağacı; Ukrainian: шибениця; Uzbek: dor; Vietnamese: giá treo cổ, giá xử giảo; Vilamovian: guolgia; Welsh: crocbren; West Frisian: galge; Yiddish: תּליה; Zazaki: darağaci, darahenıki
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