ἄρχω: Difference between revisions

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 {{etym
 |etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">be the first</b> = 1. [[begin]] (Il.); = 2. [[reign]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: Aor. <b class="b3">ἄρξαι</b><br />Dialectal forms: Uncertain Myc. <b class="b2">ake-</b> in PN \/<b class="b2">arkhe-</b>\/ or \/<b class="b2">age-</b>\/. Uncertain [[oka]], s. Aura-J.<br />Compounds: <b class="b3">ἀρχέκακος</b> <b class="b2">who initiated the evil</b> (Il.); <b class="b3">ἀρχιτέκτων</b> (Hdt.) after <b class="b3">τερπικέραυνος</b> (?); <b class="b3">ἀρχι-</b> is never found in poetry.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἀρχός</b> m. [[leader]] (Il.). <b class="b3">ἄρχων</b>, <b class="b3">-οντος</b> m. [[commander]], official, [[Archont]]. - <b class="b3">ἄργματα</b> n. pl. [[firstlings]] (ξ 446) = <b class="b3">ἀπάργματα</b> (Ar.), <b class="b3">ἀπαρχαί</b>; <b class="b3">ἀρχή</b> s.v.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Unknown. - Fur. 342 thinks it is a substr. word because of [[ὄρχαμος]] (q.v.), with variation <b class="b3">α</b>\/<b class="b3">ο</b>.
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+{{mdlsj
+|mdlsjtxt=[pf. [[pass]]. [[ἦργμαι]] only in mid. [[sense]]<br />in [[pass]]. [[sense]]:— to be [[first]],<br /><b class="num">I.</b> of [[Time]], to [[begin]], make a [[beginning]], [[both]] in Act. and Mid.:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> c. gen. to make a [[beginning]] of, πολέμοιο, μάχης, etc., Hom.; so Hdt. and [[attic]]:—Mid. also in a [[religious]] [[sense]], like ἀπάρχεσθαι, ἀρχόμενος μελέων [[beginning]] the [[sacrifice]] with the limbs, Od.; ἄρχειν σπονδῶν Thuc.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> c. gen. also to [[begin]] from or with, ἐν σοὶ μὲν λήξω σέο δ' ἄρξομαι Il.; so, ἄρχεσθαι ἔκ τινος Od.; ἀρξάμενοι ἀπὸ παιδίων [[even]] from [[boyhood]], Hdt.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> c. gen. rei et dat. pers., ἄρχ. θεοῖς [[δαιτός]] to make preparations for a [[banquet]] to the gods, Il.; τοῖσι δὲ μύθων ἦρχε Il., etc.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> c. acc., ἄρχειν ὁδόν τινι, like Lat. praeire viam alicui, to [[shew]] him the way, Od.; absol. (sub. ὁδόν), to [[lead]] the way, Hom.; then [[generally]] ἄρχειν τι Aesch., Soph.<br /><b class="num">5.</b> c. inf. to [[begin]] to do a [[thing]], Hom., etc.; c. [[part]]. of continued [[action]] or [[condition]], ἦρχον χαλεπαίνων Il.; ἄρχ. διδάσκων Xen.<br /><b class="num">6.</b> absol., ἄρχε [[begin]]! Hom.; ἄρχει ἡ [[ἐκεχειρία]] Thuc.; ἅμα ἦρι ἀρχομένωι, θέρους ἀρχομένου Thuc.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> of Authority, to [[lead]], [[rule]], [[govern]], only in Act.:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> c. gen. to [[rule]], be [[leader]] of . . , τινός Hom., [[attic]]<br /><b class="num">2.</b> c. dat. to [[rule]] [[over]], Hom., Aesch.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> absol. to [[rule]], [[govern]], Aesch.: esp. to [[hold]] a [[subordinate]] [[office]], ὁκοῖον εἴη ἄρχειν [[μετὰ]] τὸ βασιλεύειν Hdt.:—at [[Athens]], to be [[archon]], Dem.; cf. [[ἄρχων]].<br /><b class="num">4.</b> Pass. to be ruled, governed, Hdt., [[attic]]; οἱ ἀρχόμενοι subjects, Xen.
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