εἴκοσι: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: num.<br />Meaning: [[twenty]].<br />Other forms: Hom. also <b class="b3">ἐείκοσι</b> (s. below), Dor. <b class="b3">Ϝίκατι</b><br />Compounds: As 1. member often <b class="b3">εἰκοσα-</b>, e. g. <b class="b3">ἐεικοσάβοιος</b> <b class="b2">worth twenty cows</b> (Od.; after <b class="b3">ἑπτα-</b>, <b class="b3">τετρα-</b> etc.). On <b class="b3">εἰκοσινήριτος Χ</b> 349 s. [[νήριτος]].<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">εἰκοσάκις</b> <b class="b2">twenty times</b> (Il.), <b class="b3">εἰκοσάς</b> f. <b class="b2">twenty pieces</b> (late; cf. <b class="b3">εἰκάς</b> below), (<b class="b3">ἐ)εἰκοστός</b> (Boeot. <b class="b3">Ϝικαστός</b>) <b class="b2">the tentieth</b> (Il.); f. <b class="b3">εἰκοστή</b> <b class="b2">the twentieth</b> with <b class="b3">εἰκοσταῖος</b> <b class="b2">belonging to the 20. day</b> (Hp.; as <b class="b3">δευτεραῖος</b> a. o.); - also <b class="b3">εἰκάς</b> f., Dor. <b class="b3">ἰκάς</b>, Ther. <b class="b3">hικάς</b> <b class="b2">thenumber twenty, the 20th day of the month</b> (Hes.), after <b class="b3">δεκάς</b>, <b class="b3">τριακάς</b> etc. (not with Schwyzer 597 original formtion to (<b class="b3">ἐ)ἴκατι</b>); from here <b class="b3">εἰκαδεῖς</b> the members of a society, that met on the 20th, eponymous founder <b class="b3">Εἰκαδεύς</b> (Athens; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 71 a. 180, v. Wilamowitz Glaube 2, 368 n. 1), <b class="b3">εἰκαδισταί</b> surame of the Epicureans (Ath.), cf. <b class="b3">δεκαδισταί</b> to <b class="b3">δεκάς</b> (s. <b class="b3">δέκα</b>).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1177] <b class="b2">*du̯i-dkm̥t-iH</b> [[twenty]]<br />Etymology: Hom. <b class="b3">ἐείκοσι</b> for <b class="b3">ἐ-(Ϝ)ίκοσι</b> (wit prothetic vowel from the glottalic feature of the <b class="b2">*d-</b>; Korlandt, MSS 42 (1983)97-104); graphically influenced by kontracted <b class="b3">εἴκοσι</b>; thus Herakl. <b class="b3">Ϝείκατι</b>. The <b class="b3">ο-</b>vowel in <b class="b3">εἴκοσι</b> from <b class="b3">εἰκοστός</b> (diff. Meillet MSL 16, 217ff.; s. Schwyzer 344), this after <b class="b3">τριακοστός</b> etc. with <b class="b3">-ο-</b> after <b class="b3">τριάκοντα</b> etc. - PGr. (ʔ)<b class="b3">Ϝίκατι</b>, (ʔ)<b class="b3">Ϝικαστός</b> (= Dor., Boeot.), as in Av. [[vīsaiti]]. Skt. <b class="b2">viṃśatí-</b> f. with secondary nasalisation and <b class="b2">i-</b>flexion, and sec. stress (Schulze KZ 28, 277 n. 1 = Kl. Schr. 99 n. 3; cf. Schwyzer 381), Lat. [[vīgintī]] with sec. [[g]]; IE <b class="b2">*ʔu̯i-ʔḱm̥t-ī</b> prop. du. <b class="b2">two dekades</b> (from <b class="b2">*-dḱm̥t-</b>), to IE <b class="b2">*du̯i-</b> [[two]] and [[δέκα]], s. v. and [[ἑκατόν]]. - Details Schwyzer 591, Wackernagel-Debrunner Aind. Gramm. 3, 366f., W.-Hofmann s. [[vīgintī]].