καταλαμβάνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=fut. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> -λήψομαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>311a</span>(in pass.sense, <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Synt.</span> 48.9</span>), Ion. -λάμψομαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.39</span>, Aeol. <b class="b3">-λᾱμψομαι</b> dub. in Alc.<span class="title">Supp.</span> 5.9 (v. <b class="b3">λαμβάνω</b>): pf. -είληφα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>250d</span>, etc. (καθ- <span class="title">SIG</span>129.18 (Carpathos, iv B. C.)), -λελάβηκα Pherecyd.Syr. ap. <span class="bibl">D.L.1.122</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.42</span> (v.l. [[-λελαβήκεε]]):—Pass., Ion. aor. -ελάμφθην <span class="bibl">Id.5.21</span>; -ελάφθην <span class="title">SIG</span>279.7 (Zelea, iv B. C.): pf. in med. sense, <span class="bibl">D.S.17.85</span>:—[[seize]], [[lay hold of]], c. acc., τοῦ κατὰ νῶτα λαβών <span class="bibl">Od.9.433</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>624</span>, etc.; κατέλαβε τὴν ἀκρόπολιν <span class="bibl">Th.1.126</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.71</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>263</span>(lyr., tm.), <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.153</span>, etc. (metaph., <b class="b3">τὴν τοῦ νέου τῆς ψυχῆς ἀκρόπολιν κ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 560b</span>); <b class="b3">πάντα φυλακαῖς κ</b>. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Per.</span>33</span>; κ. ἕδρας <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>21</span>, <span class="bibl">86</span>; <b class="b3">φάσκων Ποσειδῶ πρότερον Ἀθηνᾶς καταλαβεῖν αὐτήν</b> (sc. <b class="b3">τὴν πόλιν</b>) <span class="bibl">Isoc.12.193</span>; later, simply, [[arrive at]] a place, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1829</span> (vi A. D.), etc.:—Med., [[seize for oneself]], τὰ πρήγματα <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.39</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ἄλλοι οὐ κατελάβοντο</b> matters which others [[had]] not [[preoccupied]], ib.<span class="bibl">55</span>: freq. in Plb., κ. λόφον <span class="bibl">1.19.5</span>, al.:—Pass., of a person, <b class="b3">ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ καταληφθείς</b> [[possessed]], <span class="bibl">Plot. 5.8.11</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of death, fatigue, disaster, etc., τὸν δὲ κατ' ὄσσε ἔλλαβε… θάνατος <span class="bibl">Il.5.82</span>; Ἄργον… κατὰ μοῖρ' ἔλαβεν… θανάτοιο <span class="bibl">Od.17.326</span>: c. dupl. acc., εὖτ' ἄν μιν κάματος κατὰ γυῖα λάβῃσιν <span class="bibl">1.192</span>; Δίκη καταλήψεται ψευδῶν τέκτονας <span class="bibl">Heraclit.28</span>; [[befall]], [[overtake]], συμφορὰ κ. πόλεις <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1161</span>: freq.in Hdt., θεῖα πρήγματα καταλαμβάνει τοὺς αἰελούρους <span class="bibl">2.66</span>; <b class="b3">πένθεα μεγάλα τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους κ</b>. ibid., cf. <span class="bibl">3.42</span>; <b class="b3">ὅσα φεύγοντας ἐκ τῆς πατρίδος κακὰ ἐπίδοξα καταλαμβάνειν</b> may be expected [[to befall]] them, <span class="bibl">4.11</span>; ἤν τι καταλαμβάνῃ νεώτερον τὸν πεζόν <span class="bibl">8.21</span>: folld. by inf., νοῦσός τινα κ. νοσῆσαι <span class="bibl">3.149</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.75</span>; <b class="b3">πρίν τι ἀνήκεστον ἡμᾶς κ</b>. <span class="bibl">Th.4.20</span>; κίνδυνος κ. τινά <span class="bibl">D.18.99</span>; rarely of good fortune, τοῦτον κατέλαβε εὐτυχίη τις <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.139</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[seize with the mind]], [[comprehend]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ax.</span>370a</span>, <span class="bibl">Chrysipp.Stoic.2.39</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.8.2.6</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Jo.</span>1.5</span> (perh. [[overcome]]); <b class="b3">κάλλος διὰ τῆς</b> [<b class="b3">ὄψεως</b>] <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>250d</span>; ἐκ τοῦ φάσματος ὅτι… <span class="bibl">D.H.5.46</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>1.5.6</span>:—so in Med., <span class="bibl">D.H.2.66</span>, <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>7.288</span>; ὅτι… <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>4.13</span>; τί τὸ πλάτος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Eph.</span>3.18</span>:— Pass., <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Sign.</span>22</span>, <span class="title">Mus.</span>p.62K., Numen. ap. <span class="bibl">Eus.<span class="title">PE</span>14.8</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[accept]], <b class="b3">παρὰ τοῦ βασιλέως… δωροδοκήματα</b> dub. l. in <span class="bibl">Pl.Com.119.1</span> (<b class="b3">κᾆτ' ἔλαβον</b> Mein.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">catch, overtake, come up with</b>, τοὺς φεύγοντας <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.63</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.30</span>, etc.:—Pass., <span class="bibl">Id.7.211</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.1.47.8</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[find on arrival]], c. part., τινὰ ζῶντα <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.10</span>; τὰ πλεῖστα… προειργασμένα <span class="bibl">Th.8.65</span>; πάντα ἔξω <span class="bibl">Id.2.18</span>; ἀνεῳγμένην τὴν θύραν <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Smp.</span>174d</span>; τοὺς ἄρχοντας ἐξιόντας <span class="bibl">D.21.85</span>; τινὰ ἔνδον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>311a</span>; τῶν φορτίων πολλὴν ἀπρασίαν <span class="bibl">D.34.8</span>; τι ὑπάρχον <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Top.</span>131a29</span>; [[detect]], ἐπ' αὐτοφώρῳ ἐμαυτόν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>22b</span>:—Pass., κατελήφθη σοῦ λάθρᾳ πωλῶν τὰ σά <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>260</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Jo.</span>8.3</span>, etc.; κατείληπτο σοφιζόμενος <span class="bibl">D.21.164</span>; to [[be taken by surprise]], <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Publ.</span>20</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> impers., <b class="b3">καταλαμβάνει τινά</b> c. inf., [[it happens to]] one, [[it is]] one's [[fortune]] to... καταλαμβάνει μιν φεύγειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.152</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.118</span>; καταλελάβηκέ με… τοῦτο… ἐκφῆναι <span class="bibl">Id.3.65</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.105</span>, <span class="bibl">6.38</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> abs., <b class="b3">πρὸς τὴν καταλαβοῦσαν συμφορήν</b> [[that had befallen]], <span class="bibl">Id.4.161</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ καταλαβόντα</b>, = [[τὰ συμβάντα]], [[what had happened]], [[the circumstances]], <span class="bibl">Id.9.49</span>; ἢν πόλεμος καταλάβῃ <span class="bibl">Th.2.54</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">18</span>; εἰ -λαμβάνοι ἀναχώρησις <span class="bibl">Id.4.31</span>; <b class="b3">τῆς νυκτὸς -λαμβανούσης</b> as night [[was coming on]], <span class="bibl">D.S.20.86</span>; Χειμῶνος ἤδη -λαμβάνοντος <span class="bibl">Hdn.7.2.9</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> [[hold down]], [[cover]], τῇ Χειρὶ τὸν ὀφθαλμόν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>165b</span>; τὰς Χεῖρας <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Sert.</span>26</span>; [[fasten down]], κ. πῶμα γόμφοις Id.2.356c, cf. Gal.13.358 (so in Med., <span class="bibl">D.S.3.37</span>):—Pass., [[to]] [[be compressed]], opp. <b class="b3">διαλύεσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>870b11</span>; τὰς φλέβας -λαμβανόμενοι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Somn.Vig.</span>455b7</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[keep under]], [[repress]], [[check]], κ. τινῶν αὐξανομένην τὴν δύναμιν <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.46</span>; <b class="b3">κ. τὸ πῦρ</b> [[get]] it [[under]], ib.<span class="bibl">87</span>; ἴσχε καὶ κ. σεωυτόν <span class="bibl">Id.3.36</span>; <b class="b3">κ. τὰς διαφοράς</b> [[put an end to]] them, <span class="bibl">Id.7.9</span>.<b class="b3">β; κ. ἐρίζοντας</b> [[stop]] their quarrelling, <span class="bibl">Id.3.128</span>: folld. by inf., κ. τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους ταῦτα μὴ ποιέειν <span class="bibl">Id.2.162</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ τῶν Περσέων θάνατος καταλαμφθεὶς ἐσιγήθη</b> [[inquiries about]] their death <b class="b2">being checked…</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.5.21</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">κ. τὸ πνεῦμα</b> [[hold]] the breath, Gal.6.176, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[bind]], κ. πίστι καὶ ὁρκίοισι <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.106</span>; ὅρκοις <span class="bibl">Th.4.86</span>, etc.:—Pass., εἴ τινι -λέλαμμαι ὅρκῳ <span class="title">SIG</span>360.41 (Chersonesus); <b class="b3">νόμοις, ἔθεσι κατειλημμένα</b> [[enforced]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1324b22</span>; ζημίαις <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>823a</span>; [<b class="b3">τὰς σπονδὰς</b>] <b class="b3">ηὗρε κατειλημμένας</b> he found the treaty [[concluded]], <span class="bibl">Th.5.21</span> codd. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[compel]], [[constrain]] one [[to do]], c. inf., <b class="b3">ἀναγκαίη μιν κ. φαίνειν</b> [[forces]] him to bring out the truth, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.75</span>:—Pass., <b class="b3">ἀναγκαίῃ καταλαμβανόμενος</b> [[being constrained]], <span class="bibl">Id.2.65</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.7.57</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> [[convict]], [[condemn]], <span class="bibl">Antipho 2.4.11</span>; opp. <b class="b3">ἀπολύειν</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.4.4.9</span>; ἐὰν καταληφθεὶς ἀποθάνω <span class="bibl">Id.2.2.9</span>, cf. <span class="title">IG</span>12(2).526A20 (Eresus, iv B. C.); of the prosecutor, [[secure a conviction]], Rev.Phil.1928.192 (Erythrae, v B. C.); ὁ -λαβών <span class="title">SIG</span>578.58 (Teos, ii B. C.), etc.</span>