κνίζω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=fut. <b class="b3">κνίσω [ῐ</b>] <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1198</span>: aor. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἔκνῐσα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>8.32</span>, <span class="bibl">Herod.4.59</span>, etc.; Dor. ἔκνιξα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>6(5).50</span>:—Pass., aor. ἐκνίσθην <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span> 209</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.4.59</span>: [[scratch]], [[gash]], <b class="b3">παῖδα… γυμνὸν ἢν κνίσω… οὐχ ἕλκος ἕξει</b>; Herod.l.c.; <b class="b3">κνίζων συκάμινα</b> (to make them ripen) <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Am.</span>7.14</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ath.2.51b</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[pound]], [[chop up]], or [[grate]], dub. in <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span> 9.20.4</span> (fort. <b class="b3">κνησθεῖσα</b>). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[tickle]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>587b7</span> (Pass.), <span class="bibl">Phld. <span class="title">Lib.</span>p.58</span> O. (Pass.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> usu. metaph., of love, [[chafe]], [[tease]], τὸν Ἀρίστωνα ἔκνιζε τῆς γυναικὸς ταύτης ἔρως <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.62</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>568</span>; κἠγὼ μὰν κνίζω τινά <span class="bibl">Theoc.5.122</span>; of other feelings, as satiety, κόρος κνίζει Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>l.c.; anxiety, Ξέρξην ἔκνιζε ἡ γνώμη <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.12</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ σμικρὰ οὐδέν μιν κνίζει</b> (sc. <b class="b3">τὸν θεόν</b>) ib.<span class="bibl">10</span>.<b class="b3">έ; ἔκνιζέ μ' αἰεὶ τοῦθ</b>' <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>786</span>; τὸ βούλεσθαί μ' ἔκνιζε <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>330</span> (troch.); [[provoke]], [[tease]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1286</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ κατ' ἔπος κνίσω τὸ ῥῆμ' ἕκαστον</b> [[will]] not [[attack]] every word, Id.<span class="title">Ra.</span>l.c.; [[provoke to jealousy]], <span class="bibl">Alciphr.1.32</span>; in good sense, ἁδεῖά νιν ἔκνιξε χάρις <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>6(5).50</span>:—Pass., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>555</span>, <span class="title">Andr.</span>l.c.; ἐρωτίδα τᾶς ποκ' ἐκνίσθη <span class="bibl">Theoc.4.59</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DMeretr.</span>10.4</span>; κνιζόμενος ὑπ' ἔρωτος ἐπὶ τῇ παιδί <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Pun.</span>10</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκνίσθης</b>; [[does that touch you]]? <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Per.</span> 16</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> [[provoke]], ὀργὰν κνίζον αἰπεινοὶ λόγοι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>5.32</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">P.</span>11.23</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">scratch, pound, chop up, provoke</b> (Pi., IA.).<br />Other forms: Aor. <b class="b3">κνίσαι</b>, , pass. <b class="b3">κνισθῆναι</b>, fut. <b class="b3">κνίσω</b>, perf. pass. <b class="b3">κέκνισμαι</b>.<br />Dialectal forms: Dor. aor. <b class="b3">κνίξαι</b> (Pi.)<br />Compounds: also with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπο-</b>,<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">κνισμός</b>, <b class="b3">κνίσμα</b> <b class="b2">scratching, provoke etc.</b> (Ar.), <b class="b3">ἀπόκνισμα</b>piece (Ar.), <b class="b3">ἀπό-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπί-κνισις</b> [[scratching]] (Thphr.). As backformation <b class="b3">*κνίς</b>, acc. <b class="b3">κνίδα</b> (Opp.), pl. <b class="b3">κνίδες</b> (LXX) [[nettle]], <b class="b3">κνίζα</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Gloss.). Comp. with verbal (aoristic) 2. member <b class="b3">φιλό-κνισος</b> [[desirous]] (AP), also <b class="b3">κνισότερος</b> (Ath. 12, 549a).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [??] <b class="b2">*knid-</b>? ?<br />Etymology: The basis is <b class="b3">κνιδ-</b> or <b class="b3">κνιτ-</b> (Schwyzer 716), and also <b class="b3">κνι(σ</b>)-. In the first case connection is possible (except with longvocalic <b class="b3">κνίδη</b>, <b class="b3">κνῖσα</b>) with Baltic and Germanic forms, e. g. Latv. [[knidêt]] [[itch]], [[geminate]], [[creep]], OWNo. [[hnīta]] (pret. [[hneit]]) [[push against]]; note also MIr. [[cned]] [[wound]] (< <b class="b2">*knidā</b>); further with <b class="b2">-t-</b>, e. g. Lith. <b class="b2">kni-n-tù</b> (pret. <b class="b2">knit-aũ</b>), <b class="b2">knìs-ti</b> [[scratch]], [[itch]], [[tickle]]. In the the last case one could at best compare Lith. <b class="b2">knis-ù</b> [[grub up]]. Further Baltic forms in Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. <b class="b2">knìsti</b>; cf. also de Vries IF 62, 142f.