ὁρμάω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=fut. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> -ήσω <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>875b</span> : aor. ὥρμησα <span class="bibl">Il.6.338</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ion</span>534c</span>; Lacon. imper. [[ὅρμᾱον]], i.e. [[ὅρμαὁν]], = [[ὅρμησον]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>1247</span>: pf. ὥρμηκα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>265a</span> :—Med. and Pass., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>1.5</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>339</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.17</span>, etc.: Ep. impf. ὡρμᾶτο <span class="bibl">Il.3.142</span>: fut. ὁρμήσομαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.34</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.1.9</span>, ὁρμηθήσομαι Gal.5.85: aor. ὡρμησάμην <span class="bibl">Il.21.595</span>, v.l. in <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span> 127</span> (ἐφ-), never in Prose, exc. ἐξ- <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>6.5.20</span> codd.: more freq. in pass. form ὡρμήθην <span class="bibl">Il.5.12</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Th.3.98</span>, etc.: pf. ὥρμημαι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>70</span>, <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">El.</span>340</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.6.33</span>, etc.: Ion. 3pl. pf. and plpf. [[ὁρμέαται]] and <b class="b3">-έατο</b> (with vv. ll. <b class="b3">ὡρμ-</b>) <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.121</span>, <span class="bibl">8.35</span> ; in Hom. codd. usu. have the augm., but Aristarch. read [[ὁρμήθησαν]] in <span class="bibl">Il.10.359</span>: (ὁρμή): </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> Act., </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> causal, <b class="b2">set in motion, urge on, cheer on</b>, τινὰ εἰς πόλεμον <span class="bibl">Il.6.338</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.127</span> ; τινὰ ποτὶ κλέος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>10(11).21</span> ; τὸ στράτευμα ὁ. ἐπὶ τὰς Ἀθήνας <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.106</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>174</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>352</span> (anap.); ἡ φύσις ὁρμήσει τινὰ ἐπὶ πλεονεξίαν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>875b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ion</span>534c</span> ; [τὰ] ὁρμῶντα [σώματα] <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>6.8.7</span>; μέριμναν ὁρμήσασ' ἐπ' ἔργον <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1064</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ὁ. τινὰ ἐκ χερός</b> [[tear]] from one's arms, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hec.</span>143</span> (anap.):—Pass., <b class="b3">ὁρμηθεὶς θεοῦ ἄρχετο</b> [[inspired]] by the god he began, <span class="bibl">Od.8.499</span> ; πρὸς θεῶν ὡρμημένος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>70</span> ; ὑπὸ ἔρωτος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>181d</span> ; <b class="b3">ἵπποι . . ὁρμηθέντες ὑπὸ πληγῇσιν ἱμάσθλης</b> [[urged on]] by... <span class="bibl">Od.13.82</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> with a thing as the object, [[stir up]], πόλεμον <span class="bibl">18.376</span>: c. acc. et inf., τὰς διόδους τῶν πτερῶν . . ὥρμησε πτεροφυεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>255d</span> :—Pass., ὡρμάθη πλαγά [[was sped]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>196</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> more freq. intr., [[start]], </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> c. inf., <b class="b3">ἴρηξ ὃς ὁρμήσῃ διώκειν ὄρνεον ἄλλο</b> [[starts]] in chase of... <span class="bibl">Il.13.64</span>; <b class="b3">ὁσσάκι δ' ὁρμήσειε πυλάων . . ἀντίον ἀΐξασθαι</b> whenever he [[started]] to rush for the gates, <span class="bibl">22.194</span> ; ὁσσάκι δ' ὁρμήσειε . . στῆναι ἐναντίβιον <span class="bibl">21.265</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐξελαύνειν ὁρμῆσαι τὸν στρατόν</b> [[began]] to lead out... <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.76</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">7.150</span> ; νίκην ὁρμῶντ' ἀλαλάξαι <b class="b2">eager to . .</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>133</span> (lyr.); ὥρμα ἀντιλαμβάνεσθαι τοῦ λόγου <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>336b</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> c. gen., [[rush headlong at]] one, Τρώων <span class="bibl">Il.4.335</span> : more freq. with Preps., ὁ. ἐπί τινα <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>403</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 1.1</span>, etc.; πύργωμα Καδμείων ἔπι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1220</span> ; εἴς τινας <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.1.17</span> ; καθ' αὑτούς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>5.7.25</span> ; also <b class="b3">ὁ. ἐς μάχην</b> [[hasten]] to battle, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span> 394</span> ; εἰς ἀγῶνα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>259</span>(lyr.) ; εἰς τὸ διώκειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.8.25</span> ; ἐπὶ ἁρπαγάς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>391d</span> ; ἐπὶ τοὺς Ἀθηναίους <span class="bibl">Th.7.34</span> ; [[ὥρμασε]] (Dor.) ἐπὶ τὰ βασίλεια τῶν Σκυθᾶν <span class="title">SIG</span>709.19 (Chersonesus, ii B. C.) : without any sense of hostility, [[rush]], τᾶσδ' ἀπὸ πέτρας πηδήσασα πυρὸς ἔσω <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1015</span> (lyr.); ἐς πατρὸς δόμους <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Med.</span>1178</span> ; [[set out]], ἀπὸ [τῆς Οἰνόης] <span class="bibl">Th.2.19</span> ; ἐς φυγήν <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.179</span>, etc.; εἰς τὸ ἐπ' ἐκεῖνα τῆς γῆς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>112b</span>; ἐπ' ἄλλον λόγον <span class="bibl">Antipho 3.4.5</span>; ἐπὶ τὸ σκοπεῖν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.7.9</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τραγῳδίαν ὥρμηκε</b> [[has turned]] to tragedy, <span class="bibl">Alex.135.14</span> ; <b class="b3">δηλώσεις . . τὴν φύσιν ἐπὶ τί μάλισθ' ὥρμηκε</b>, i. e. what your natural [[bent]] is, ib.<span class="bibl">8</span> ; φυσικῶς ἐπὶ τὴν ὀργὴν ὁρμᾶν Phld.<span class="title">Ir.</span>93 W.; πρὸς τὰς πράξεις Id.<span class="title">Mus.</span>p.71 K.; ἐπὶ φιλοσοφίαν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Acad.Ind.</span>p.64</span> M. ; πρὸς τὰς ὀχείας <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span> 546a15</span> : c. acc. cogn., ὁδόν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.1.8</span> ; στρατείαν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.6.20</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> abs., [[start]], [[begin]], ὥσπερ ὡρμήσαμεν, ἴωμεν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>314b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>425c</span>; <b class="b3">αἱ μάλιστα ὁρμήσασαι [νῆες]</b> the ships [[that were]] hottest [[in pursuit]], <span class="bibl">Th.8.34</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">B</span> Med. and Pass., like the intr. Act., A. II: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> c. inf., <b class="b3">μὴ φεύγειν ὁρμήσωνται</b> [[that they put]] not [[themselves in motion]], [[set]] not [[themselves]] to flee, <span class="bibl">Il.8.511</span> ; so διώκειν ὁρμήθησαν <span class="bibl">10.359</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.4.282</span> ; <b class="b3">ὡρμήθη κόρυθα κρατὸς ἀφαρπάξαι</b> [[he rushed]] to snatch... <span class="bibl">Il.13.188</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">182</span> ; <b class="b3">ἦτορ ὡρμᾶτο πτολεμίζειν ἠδὲ μάχεσθαι</b> [[was eager]] to... <span class="bibl">21.572</span> ; <b class="b3">μᾶλλον ὅρμητο στρατεύεσθαι</b> [[was eager]] to march, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">19</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Th.3.45</span> ; <b class="b3">ὅδε ὁ λόγος ὅρμηται λέγεσθαι</b> this account [[has begun]] to be given, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.16</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.86</span>.<b class="b3">δ'</b> ([[λέγεσθαι]] is restored for [[λέγεται]] in <span class="bibl">3.56</span>); but <b class="b3">λόγον, τὸν ὅρμητο λέγειν</b> which [[he purposed]] to make, <span class="bibl">Id.5.50</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> the object [[for]] or [[after]] which one goes is sts. in gen., <span class="bibl">Il.14.488</span>, <span class="bibl">21.595</span> : a case with a Prep., ὡρμήθησαν ἐπ' ἀνδράσιν <span class="bibl">Od.10.214</span>; ἐπί τινα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>47</span>, etc.; εἴς τινα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.1.9</span> ; <b class="b3">μετά τινα</b> [[after]] one, <span class="bibl">Il.17.605</span> ; so ὁ. ἐπὶ τὸ ἱρόν <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.35</span> ; ἐς πύλας <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>31</span> ; πρὸς δόμους <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span> 1152</span> ; ἐπ' ἀλήθειαν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>228c</span> ; ἐς φυγήν <span class="bibl">Th.4.14</span> ; πρὸς τίσιν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1328</span> ; πρὸς τὸ κρατεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>581a</span> ; [ἡ ποίησις] πρὸς ἡδονὴν ὥρμηται <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Grg.</span>502c</span> ; <b class="b3">οἱ περὶ λόγον ἢ παιδείαν ὁρμώμενοι</b> persons [[keen]] about... <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.199.5</span> : rarely c. acc. loci, νερτέρας πλάκας <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1576</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> the starting-point is expressed by ἐκ, ὡρμᾶτ' ἐκ θαλάμοιο <span class="bibl">Il.3.142</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">9.178</span>, etc. ; or [[ἀπό]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>156</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Phd.</span>101d</span>, etc.; ἀπὸ φιλοσοφίας Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1.357 S.; or by a form in -θεν, σέθεν . . ὕμνος ὁρμᾶται θέμεν αἶνον <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>1.5</span> : in historical Prose, <b class="b3">ὁρμᾶσθαι ἐκ . .</b> [[start from]], [[begin from]], esp. of the place where one carries on any regular operations, <b class="b3">ἐνθεῦτεν ὁρμώμενοι</b> [[living there and going out from thence]] to do their daily work, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.17</span> ; of fishers, ἐκ πλοίων ὁρμώμενοι <span class="bibl">Id.3.98</span> ; of a general, <b class="b2">making that place his head-quarters</b> or [[base of operations]], <span class="bibl">Id.8.133</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.125</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Th.1.64</span>, <span class="bibl">2.69</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ἀπ' ἐλασσόνων ὁρμώμενος</b> [[setting out]], [[beginning]] with smaller means, ib.<span class="bibl">65</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.144</span> ; of rivers, ἐκ τῆς Ἴδης ὁ. <b class="b2">rising . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>682b</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> abs., [[rush]], [[dart]], [[attack]], <span class="bibl">Il.5.12</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.12.126</span>, al., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1068</span> (lyr.); also with [[ἔγχεϊ]], [[ξιφέεσσι]], etc., added, <span class="bibl">Il. 5.855</span>, <span class="bibl">17.530</span>, <span class="bibl">13.496</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> generally, [[hasten]], [[be eager]], ὁρμώμενον δὲ μηδαμῶς μ' ἀντισπάσῃς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>339</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">395</span> ; ἀλλ' ἥδε . . ὁρμᾶται [[comes forth]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pers.</span>151</span> (anap.); τὸ φέγγος ὁρμάσθω πυρός <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eu.</span>1029</span> ; <b class="b3">ὕβρις ἀτάρβητα ὁρμᾶται</b> insolence [[goes]] fearless [[forth]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>197</span> (lyr.).</span>