παρά: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ρᾰ], Ep. and Lyr. also παραί: shortened πάρ, in Hom., Lyr. (but rarely in Trag., in lyr. passages, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>553</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>636</span>), and in all dial ects exc. Att., <span class="title">GDI</span>5434.8 (Paros), <span class="title">IG</span>5(2).3.14 (Tegea, iv B. C.), <span class="title">Inscr.Magn.</span>26.28 (Thess.), etc.:—Prep. c. gen., dat., and acc., prop. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[beside]]: hence, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> WITH GEN. prop. denoting motion <b class="b2">from the side of, from beside, from</b>: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> of [[place]], πὰρ νηῶν ἔλθωμεν <span class="bibl">Il.13.744</span>; παρὰ ναῦφιν ἐλευσόμεθ' <span class="bibl">12.225</span>, etc.; παρ' Ὠκεανοῖο ῥοάων… ἐπερχομένη <span class="bibl">Od.22.197</span>; πὰρ νηῶν ἀπώσεται <span class="bibl">Il.8.533</span>, etc.; δῶρα π. νηὸς ἐνεικέμεν <span class="bibl">19.194</span>; φάσγανον ὀξὺ ἐρυσσάμενος π. μηροῦ <span class="bibl">1.190</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">21.173</span>; σπασσάμενος… ἄορ παχέος π. μηροῦ <span class="bibl">16.473</span>; <b class="b3">πλευρὰ παρ' ἀσπίδος ἐξεφαάνθη</b> was exposed [[beside]] the shield, <span class="bibl">4.468</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>624</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> commonly of Persons, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> with Verbs of going or coming, bringing, etc., ἦλθε… πὰρ Διός <span class="bibl">Il.2.787</span>; παρ' Αἰήταο πλέουσα <span class="bibl">Od.12.70</span>, etc.; ἀγγελίη ἥκει π. βασιλέος <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.140</span>. ά; αὐτομολήσαντες π. βασιλέως <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.7.13</span>; ἐξεληλυθὼς παρ' Ἀριστάρχου <span class="bibl">D.21.117</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ π. τινὸς ἥκων</b> his messenger, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.53</span>; so οἱ π. τινός <span class="bibl">Th.7.10</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span>3.21</span>, etc.; ὅστις ἀφικνεῖτο τῶν π. βασιλέως πρὸς αὐτόν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.1.5</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τεύχεα καλὰ φέρουσα παρ' Ἡφαίστοιο</b> [[from]] his workshop, <span class="bibl">Il.18.137</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">617</span>, etc.; ἀπαγγέλλειν τι π. τινός <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.1.20</span>; σὺ δὲ οἰμώζειν αὐτοῖς παρ' ἐμοῦ λέγε <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DMort.</span>1.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[issuing from]] a person, <b class="b3">γίγνεσθαι π. τινός</b> to be born [[from]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>179b</span>; [[λόγος]] (sc. [[ἐστί]]) <b class="b3"> π. Ἀθηναίων</b> c. acc. et inf., <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.55</span>: freq. following a Noun, <b class="b3">δόξα ἡ π. τῶν ἀνθρώπων</b> glory <b class="b2">from (given by</b>) men, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>232a</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ π. τινὸς εὔνοια</b> the favour [[from]], i. e. [[of]], any one, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.2.12</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ παρ' ἐμοῦ ἀδίκημα</b> [[done by]] me, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.5.13</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ π. τινός</b> [[all that issues from]] any one, as commands, commissions, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>2.3.4</span>, etc.; or promises, gifts, presents, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.11.13</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ παρ' ἐμοῦ</b> my opinions, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>219a</span>; <b class="b3">παρ' ἑωυτοῦ διδούς</b> giving [[from]] oneself, i. e. [[from]] one's own [[means]], <span class="bibl">Hdt. 2.129</span>, <span class="bibl">8.5</span>; παρ' ἑαυτοῦ προσετίθει <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>6.1.3</span>; <b class="b3">νόμον θὲς παρ' ἐμοῦ</b> [[by]] my [[advice]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>322d</span>; <b class="b3">αὐτοὶ παρ' αὑτῶν</b> [[of]] themselves, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tht.</span> 150d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phdr.</span>235c</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> with Verbs of receiving, obtaining, and the like, τυχεῖν τινος π. τινός <span class="bibl">Od.6.290</span>, <span class="bibl">15.158</span>; πὰρ δ' ἄρα μιν Ταφίων πρίατο <span class="bibl">14.452</span>; ἀρέομαι πὰρ μὲν Σαλαμῖνος Ἀθαναίων χάριν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.76</span>; εὑρέσθαι τι π. τῶν θεῶν <span class="bibl">Isoc.9.14</span>, cf. <span class="title">IG</span>12.40.10; <b class="b3">δέχεσθαι, λαμβάνειν, ἁρπάζειν π. τινός</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.20</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>9.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>914</span>; <b class="b3">ἀντιάσαι, αἰτήσασθαι π. τινός</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>870</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>3.1.4</span>; ἀξιοῖ π. τοῦ ἰατροῦ φάρμακον πιὼν ἐξεμέσαι τὸ νόσημα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>406d</span>; κόσμος τοῖς πράξασι γίγνεται π. τῶν ἀκουσάντων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mx.</span>236e</span>: without Verb, ὁ καρπὸς ὁ π. τῶν δημάρχων <span class="title">IG</span>12.76.27: with Verbs of learning, etc., μεμαθηκέναι π. τινῶν <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.104</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> with Pass. Verbs, πὰρ Διὸς… μῆνις ἐτύχθη <span class="bibl">Il.15.122</span>; π. θεῶν ἡ τοιαύτη μανία δίδοται <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>245c</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τὰ π. τῶν θεῶν σημαινόμενα, συμβουλευόμενα</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.6.2</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ π. τινὸς λεγόμενα</b> ib.<span class="bibl">6.1.42</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ π. τῆς τύχης δωρηθέντα</b> [[the presents of]]... <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.26</span>; με π. σοῦ σοφίας πληρωθήσεσθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>175e</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> rarely for [[παρά]] c. dat., [[by]], [[near]], πὰρ ποδός <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>10.62</span>, <span class="bibl">3.60</span>; <b class="b3">παρὰ δὲ κυανέων πελαγέων</b> dub. l. in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>966</span> (lyr.); τὸν Ῥειτὸν τὸν παρὰ τοῦ ἄστεως <span class="title">IG</span>12.81.5; <b class="b3">πολλοὶ παρ' ἀμφοτέρων ἔπιπτον</b>, = [[ἀμφοτέρωθεν]], <span class="bibl">D.S.19.42</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b3">π. τῆς συγχωρήσεώς τινος</b> [[without]] his consent, <span class="title">BCH</span>46.337 (Teos). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">B</span> WITH DAT. denoting rest [[by the side of]] any person or thing, answering the question [[where]]? </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> of [[place]]s, <b class="b3">κατ' ἂρ ἕζετ'… πὰρ πυρί, ἔκειτο π. σηκῷ</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.7.154</span>, <span class="bibl">9.319</span>; νέμονται π. πέτρῃ <span class="bibl">13.408</span>; ἑσταότες παρ ὄχεσφιν <span class="bibl">Il.8.565</span>; <b class="b3">πὰρ ποσὶ μαρναμένων ἐκυλίνδετο</b> [[at]] their feet, <span class="bibl">14.411</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. θύρῃσι</b> [[at]] the door, <span class="bibl">7.346</span>; π. ῥηγμῖνι θαλάσσης <span class="bibl">2.773</span>; δεῖπνον… εἵλοντο παρ' ὄχθῃσιν ποταμοῖο <span class="bibl">Od.6.97</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.4.475</span>, <span class="bibl">20.53</span>, etc.; κεῖσθαι παρ' Ἅιδῃ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>972</span>; <b class="b3">παρ' οἴνῳ</b> [[over]] wine, ib. <span class="bibl">780</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> of persons, [[beside]], πὰρ δὲ οἷ αὐτῷ εἷσε Θεοκλύμενον <span class="bibl">Od.15.285</span>; κεῖτο παρὰ μνηστῇ ἀλόχῳ <span class="bibl">Il.9.556</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.246</span>, etc.; παρ' ἀνδράσιν εὐνάζεσθαι <span class="bibl">Od.5.119</span>; δαίνυσθαι π. τινί <span class="bibl">8.243</span>; <b class="b3">πὰρ δέ οἱ ἑστήκει</b> stood [[by]] him, <span class="bibl">Il.4.367</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[at]] one's [[house]] or [[place]], [[with]] one, μένειν π. τισί <span class="bibl">9.427</span>; θητευέμεν ἄλλῳ, ἀνδρὶ παρ' ἀκλήρῳ <span class="bibl">Od.11.490</span>; φιλέεσθαι π. τινί <span class="bibl">Il.13.627</span>; <b class="b3">παρ' ἑωυτοῖσι</b> [[at]] their own [[house]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.105</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">86</span>; παιδευθῆναι π. τινί <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.15</span>; καταλύειν π. τινί <span class="bibl">D.18.82</span> (but παρά τινα καταλῦσαι <span class="bibl">Th.1.136</span>), etc.: hence <b class="b3">οἱ παρ' ἐμοί</b> those [[of my household]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.7.4</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τὰ παρ' ἐμοί</b> life [[with me]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span> 1.7.4</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ παρ' ἡμῖν ἄνθρωποι</b> our people, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>64b</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ παρ' ἡμῖν πολιτεία, ὁ παρ' ὑμῖν δῆμος</b>, <span class="bibl">D.15.19</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ παρ' αὑτῷ βίοτος</b> one's [[own]] life, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>612</span>; τὸ παρ' ἡμῖν πῦρ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>29f</span>; ὅσος παρ' ὑμῖν ὁ φθόνος φυλάσσεται <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>382</span>; τὸ παρ' ἡμῖν σῶμα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>29f</span>; also, [[in]] one's [[hands]], τὰ π. τοῖς Ἑλληνοταμίαις ὄντα <span class="title">IG</span>12.91.6; ἔχειν παρ' ἑωυτῷ <span class="bibl">Hdt. 1.130</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οὔπω παρ' ἐμοὶ τότ' ἦν λέγειν</b> I had no [[right]] to speak then, <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Epit.</span>98</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[before]], [[in the presence of]], ἤειδε π. μνηστῆρσιν <span class="bibl">Od. 1.154</span>; [[before]] a judge, δίκας γίγνεσθαι π. τῷ πολεμάρχῳ <span class="title">IG</span>12.16.9; π. Δαρείῳ κριτῇ <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.160</span>; π. τῷ βασιλέϊ <span class="bibl">Id.4.65</span>; παρὰ δικασταῖς <span class="bibl">Th. 1.73</span>; εἰς κρίσιν καθιστάναι τινὰ π. τισί <span class="bibl">D.18.13</span>: hence <b class="b3">παρ' ἐμοί</b> [[in]] my [[judgement]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.32</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>589</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>881</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>3.19</span>; <b class="b3">π. τούτῳ μέγα δυνήσεται</b> [[with]] him, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>510e</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> in quoting authors, <b class="b3">παρ' Ἐφόρῳ, παρ' Αἰσχίνῃ, π. Θουκυδίδῃ</b>, [[in]] Ephorus, etc., <span class="bibl">Plb. 9.2.4</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>9</span>,<span class="bibl">18</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> Arc., = [[π]]. c. gen., [[from]], καθὰ εἶχον τὰς ἰντολὰς π. τᾷ ἰδίᾳ πόλι <span class="title">SIG</span>559.9 (Megalop., iii B. C.), cf. 558.10 (Ithaca, iii B. C.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">C</span> WITH ACCUS. in three main senses, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> [[beside]], [[near]], [[by]], </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[along]], </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[past]], [[beyond]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> [[beside]], [[near]], [[by]]: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> with Verbs of coming, going, etc., [[to the side of]], [[to]], ἴτην π. νῆας <span class="bibl">Il.1.347</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">8.220</span>, etc.; βῆ… π. θῖνα <span class="bibl">1.34</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">327</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τρέψας πὰρ ποταμόν</b> [[to the side of]]... <span class="bibl">21.603</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.187</span>: more freq. of persons, <b class="b3">εἶμι παρ' Ἥφαιστον</b> [[to the chamber of]] H., <span class="bibl">18.143</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.1.285</span>, etc.; ἐσιόντες π. τοὺς φίλους <span class="bibl">Th.2.51</span>, etc.; φοιτᾶν π. τὸν Σωκράτη <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>59d</span>; <b class="b3">πέμπειν ἀγγέλους, πρέσβεις π. τινά</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 1.141</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.58</span>, etc.; ἄγειν π. τινά <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.86</span>; καταφυγὴ π. φίλων τινάς <span class="bibl">Th.2.17</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> with Verbs of rest, [[beside]], [[near]], [[by]], sometimes with ref. to past motion (expressed in such phrases as ἧσο παρ' αὐτὸν ἰοῦσα <span class="bibl">Il.3.406</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">11.577</span>), ἔς ῥα θρόνους ἕζοντο παρ' Ἀτρεΐδην Μενέλαον <span class="bibl">Od.4.51</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">13.372</span>; <b class="b3">κεῖται ποταμοῖο παρ' ὄχθας</b> lies [[stretched beside]]... <span class="bibl">Il.4.487</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">12.381</span>; <b class="b3">παρ' ἔμ' ἵστασο</b> come and stand [[by]] me, <span class="bibl">11.314</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">592</span>, <span class="bibl">20.49</span>, etc.; π. πυθμέν' ἐλαίης θῆκαν <span class="bibl">Od.13.122</span>; καταθέτω π. τὰ ἴκρια <span class="title">IG</span>12.94.28; <b class="b3">κοιμήσαντο π. πρυμνήσια</b> they lay down [[by]]... <span class="bibl">Od.12.32</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.460</span>; ὁ παρ' ἐμὲ καθήμενος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthd.</span>271b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phd.</span>89b</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκάθητο π. τὴν πύλην, π. τὴν ὁδόν</b>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>19.1</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span> 10.46</span>; παρ' αὐτὸν τὸν καλέσαντα κατακείμενος δειπνῆσαι <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span> 21.2</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>175c</span>; ἐκαθέζετο π. τὸν Λύσιν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ly.</span>211a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>328c</span>; στὰς παρ' αὐτόν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>116c</span>; τέμενος νεμόμεσθα… παρ' ὄχθας <span class="bibl">Il.12.313</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.34</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>12.943.45; τοῦ Εὐρίπου, παρ' ὃν ᾤκει <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.90</span>; κατελείφθη π. τὸν νηόν <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.87</span>; τὴν παρ' ἐμὲ ἐοῦσαν δύναμιν <span class="bibl">Id.8.140</span>.ά (v.l. [[ἐμοί]]) ; εἶπεν αὐτῷ μένειν παρ' ἑαυτόν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.18</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">An.</span>1.9.31</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>451</span>, <span class="bibl">Is.8.16</span>, <span class="bibl">Alex.248</span>, Demetr.Com. Nov.<span class="bibl">1.5</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>22.654.23 (iii B. C.), <span class="bibl">Plb.3.26.1</span>, <span class="bibl">11.14.3</span>, <span class="bibl">28.14.3</span>; ἡ π. θάλασσαν Μακεδονία <span class="bibl">Th.2.99</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>184</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>636</span> (lyr.); Καρβασυανδῆς π. Καῦνον <span class="title">IG</span>12.204.52; τὸ κουρεῖον τὸ π. τοὺς Ἑρμᾶς <span class="bibl">Lys.23.3</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">And.1.62</span>, <span class="bibl">Is.6.20</span>, <span class="bibl">8.35</span>, <span class="bibl">Aeschin. 1.182</span>, <span class="bibl">3.88</span>, <span class="bibl">Lycurg.112</span>; τᾶς παστάδος τᾶς παρ' Ἀπόλλωνα <span class="title">IG</span>42 (1).109 iii 146 (Epid.); <b class="b3">παρ' ὄμμα</b> [[before]] one's eyes, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>484</span>; <b class="b3">π. πόδας</b> [[on]] the spot, Phld.<span class="title">Ir.</span>p.78 W., <span class="title">Rh.</span>2.2 S.; [[immediately thereafter]], <span class="bibl">Plb.1.7.5</span>, <span class="bibl">1.8.2</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> Dor., Boeot., and Thess., = supr. <span class="bibl">B. 11.2</span>, <b class="b2">at the house of... with</b> a person, <span class="title">IG</span>7.3171.7 (Orchom. Boeot.), <span class="title">GDI</span> 1717 (Delph.); <b class="b3">παρ' ἁμὲ πολυτίματος [ὁ σῖτος</b>] <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>759</span> (Megar.); τοῖς κατοικέντεσσι πὰρ ἀμμέ <span class="title">IG</span>9(2).517.18 (Larissa, iii B. C.); <b class="b3">τοῖ πὰρ ἀμμὲ πολιτεύματος</b> ib.13; πεπολιτευκὼρ πὰρ ἁμέ <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 425.5 (Elis, iii/ii B. C.): so in Att., <b class="b3">θέμενος π. γυναῖκας</b> depositing [[with]]... <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>465c</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> with Verbs of striking, wounding, etc., βάλε στῆθος π. μαζόν <span class="bibl">Il.4.480</span>, etc.; τὸν δ' ἕτερον… κληῗδα παρ' ὦμον πλῆξε <span class="bibl">5.146</span>; τύψε κατὰ κληῗδα παρ' αὐχένα <span class="bibl">21.117</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.525</span>, <span class="bibl">8.325</span>, etc.; αἰχμὴ δ' ἐξελύθη παρὰ νείατον ἀνθερεῶνα <span class="bibl">5.293</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">17.310</span>; <b class="b3">δησάμενος τελαμῶνι π. σφυρόν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">290</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> with Verbs of placing, examining, etc., [[side by side with]]... ὁ ἔλεγχος π. τὸν ἔλεγχον παραβαλλόμενος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>475e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hp.Mi.</span>369c</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Smp.</span>214c</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>348a</span>; ἐξέτασον παρ' ἄλληλα τὰ σοὶ κἀμοὶ βεβιωμένα <span class="bibl">D.18.265</span>; ἄλλα παρ' ἄλλατιθέμενα… τῶν χρωμάτων <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>375a24</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> Geom., <b class="b3">παραβάλλειν π</b>. apply an area [[to]] (i. e. [[along]]) a finite straight line, <span class="bibl">Euc.1.44</span>, <span class="bibl">Archim.<span class="title">Aequil.</span>2.1</span>; π. τὴν δοθεῖσαν αὐτοῦ γραμμὴν παρατείναντα <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Men.</span>87a</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ [εὐθεῖα] παρ' ἣν δύνανται αἱ καταγόμεναι τεταγμένως</b> the line [[to]] which are applied the squares of the or dinates, etc., Apollon. Perg.<span class="title">Con.</span>1.11: hence, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> Arith., <b class="b3">παραβάλλειν τι π. τι</b> divide [[by]]… (v. παραβάλλω A. VII. 2); μερίζω τι π. τι <span class="bibl">Dioph.4.33</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ γ π. ί</b> multiply by <span class="bibl">3</span> and divide [[by]] <span class="bibl">10</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>5.1718.2</span> (vi A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> Geom., [[parallel to]]... <span class="bibl">Democr.155</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Top.</span>158b31</span>, Archim.<span class="title">Sph. Cyl.</span>1.12, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> metaph. in Gramm., [[like]], [[as a parody of]]... <b class="b3">π. τὸ Σοφόκλειον, π. τὰ ἐν Τεύκρῳ Σοφοκλέους</b>, Sch.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1240</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Nu.</span>584</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> Gramm., of words which differ [[as compared with]] other words, <b class="b3">π. τὸ τοῦ ἔρωτος ὄνομα σμικρὸν παρηγμένον ἐστίν… [τὸ ἥρως</b>] <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>398d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">399a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lg.</span>654a</span>: hence, [[derived from]]... <b class="b3">π. τὸ ἔδαφος, δάπεδον</b>, <span class="bibl">A.D. <span class="title">Pron.</span>31.16</span>; <b class="b3">π. τὸ δρῶ δρᾶμα</b> Sch.<span class="bibl">A.R.2.624</span>; σύγκειται [τὸ αὐθέντης] π. τὸ εἷναι… καὶ π. τὸ αὐτός <span class="bibl">Phryn.<span class="title">PS</span>p.24</span> B. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> generally, of Comparison, [[alongside of]], [[compared with]], usu. implying superiority, δοκέοντες π. ταῦτα οὐδ' ἂν τοὺς σοφωτάτους ἀνθρώπων Αἰγυπτίους οὐδὲν ἐπεξευρεῖν <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.160</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.20</span>, <span class="bibl">103</span>; ἡλίου ἐκλείψεις αἳ πυκνότεραι π. τὰ ἐκ τοῦ πρὶν χρόνου μνημονευόμενα ξυνέβησαν <span class="bibl">Th.1.23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.6</span>; τῶν ἁπάντων ἀπερίοπτοί εἰσι π. τὸ νικᾶν <span class="bibl">Id.1.41</span>; π. τὰ ἄλλα ζῷα ὥσπερ θεοὶ ἄνθρωποι βιοτεύουσι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.4.14</span>; φαίνεται π. τὸ ἀλγεινὸν ἡδὺ καὶ π. τὸ ἡδὺ ἀλγεινὸν ἡ ἡσυχία <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>584a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phdr.</span>236d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">La.</span>183c</span>, al.; εὐδαίμων μᾶλλον π. πάντας <span class="title">BCH</span>26.332 (Halae); προετέρει π. πάντας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span> 4.422.34</span> (iii B. C.): sometimes implying inferiority or defect, <b class="b3">ἠλάττωσας αὐτὸν βραχύ τι παρ' ἀγγέλους</b> a little [[lower than]] the angels, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ps.</span> 8.6</span>; <b class="b3">μιᾷ ἡμέρᾳ ὑστεροῦσι π. τὸν ἥλιον</b> lag one day [[behind]] the sun, <span class="bibl">Gem.8.19</span>; so perhaps <b class="b3">παρ' αὐτόν, ὑπὲρ αὐτόν</b> (has passed the ball?) [[short of]] him, beyond him, <span class="bibl">Antiph.234</span>; <b class="b3">μέγα τοι ἡμέρα παρ' ἡμέραν γιγνομένη γνώμην ἐξ ὀργῆς μεταστῆσαι</b> one day [[compared with]] another is important... a day's delay makes a difference, <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.72</span>; <b class="b3">τί γὰρ παρ' ἦμαρ ἡμέρα τέρπειν ἔχει προσθεῖσα κἀναθεῖσα τοῦ γε κατθανεῖν</b>; what joy has one day [[compared with]] another to offer, since it only brings us nearer to, or farther from, death (which is neither good nor evil)? <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>475</span>; <b class="b3">ὃς μὲν κρίνει</b> (prefers) <b class="b3">ἡμέραν παρ' ἡμέραν, ὃς δὲ κρίνει</b> (approves) πᾶσαν ἡμέραν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Rom.</span>14.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">8</span> with Verbs of estimating, to set [[at]] so and so much, hence [[π]]. = [[equivalent to]]... <b class="b3">ταρβῶ μὴ… θῆται παρ' οὐδὲν τὰς ἐμὰς ἐπιστολάς</b> set [[at]] nought, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>732</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Ag.</span>229</span> (lyr.); παρ' οὐδὲν ἄγειν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>35</span>; <b class="b3">π. μικρὸν ἡγεῖσθαι</b> or <b class="b3">ποιεῖσθαί τι</b> hold [[of]] small [[account]], <span class="bibl">Isoc.5.79</span>, <span class="bibl">D.61.51</span>; παρ' ὀλίγον ποιεῖσθαί τινα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.6.11</span>; so with [[εἶναι]], etc., <b class="b3">παρ' οὐδέν ἐστι</b> are [[as]] nothing, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>983</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>466</span>; παρ' οὐδὲν αὐταῖς ἦν ἂν ὀλλύναι πόσεις <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>569</span>; οὐ π. μέγα ἔσεσθαι τὸ πταῖσμα <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">An.</span>1.18.6</span>; so perhaps <b class="b3">π. σμικρὰ κεχώρηκε</b> have turned out [[of]] little [[account]], have [[amounted to]] little, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.120</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> in Accountancy, without a verb, <b class="b3">π. τὴν καταλλαγήν</b> [[on account of]] [[κ]]., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHib.</span>1.100.4</span> (iii B. C.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">9</span> of correspondence, <b class="b3">ὀφείλειν στατῆρα π. στατῆρα</b> stater [[for]] stater (one to each of two creditors), <span class="title">BCH</span>50.214 (Thasos, v B. C.); πληγὴν π. πληγὴν ἑκάτερον <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>643</span>; <b class="b3">συνεῖναι ἑκατέρῳ ἡμέραν παρ' ἡμέραν</b> stayed day [[for]] day with each, <span class="bibl">D.59.46</span>; hence of alternation, <b class="b3">ποιεῖσθαι ἁγνείας καὶ θυσίας δύο π. δύο</b>, of four priests acting two and two alternately, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>1198.12</span> (i B. C.); <b class="b3">τοῦ καθημερινοῦ ἢ μίαν π. μίαν</b> (sc. [[ἡμέραν]]) <b class="b3"> [πυρετοῦ</b>] quotidian or [[tertian]] fever, ib.<span class="bibl">956.3</span> (iii A. D.): sometimes without doubling of the Noun, <b class="b3">παρ' ἡμέρην</b>, opp. <b class="b3">καθ' ἡμέρην</b>, [[tertian]], opp. quotidian, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span>1.12</span>; <b class="b3">καθ' ἡμέραν, παρ' ἡμέραν, π. δύο, π. τρεῖς</b> every day, [[every second]] day, every third (fourth) day, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>2.18.13</span>; <b class="b3">π. μίαν</b> every second day, <span class="bibl">Plb.3.110.4</span>; <b class="b3">παρ' ἐνιαυτόν</b> every second year, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cleom.</span>15</span>; <b class="b3">παρ' ἔτος</b> year and year about, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">GA</span>757a7</span>; every second year, <span class="bibl">Paus.8.15.2</span>; <b class="b3">π. μέρος</b> by turns (v. [[μέρος]] II. <span class="bibl">2</span>); ὁ ἀνὰ μέρος παρ' ἓξ μῆνας ὑπὲρ γῆν τε καὶ ὑπὸ γῆν γινόμενος Ἄδωνις <span class="bibl">Corn. <span class="title">ND</span>28</span>; <b class="b3">π. μῆνα τρίτον</b> every third month, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>582b4</span>, cf. Plu.2.942e; but <b class="b3">π. τρία [ἔτεα</b>] prob. every fourth year, <span class="title">IG</span>5(2).422 (Phigalea), cf. Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span> l.c.; <b class="b3">ἕνα παρ' ἕνα παραλειπτέον</b> every second one, <span class="bibl">Nicom.<span class="title">Ar.</span>1.18</span>; <b class="b3">ἕνα π. δύο</b> (τρεῖς) every third (fourth) one, ibid.; <b class="b3">παρὰ δ' ἄλλαν ἄλλα μοῖρα διώκει</b> now one now another, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span> 611</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">10</span> [[precisely at the moment of]], <b class="b3">παρ' αὐτὰ τἀδικήματα</b> [[flagrante delicto]], <span class="bibl">D.18.13</span>, <span class="bibl">21.26</span>; ἀποδώσω π. τὸν εὔθυνον τὸ καθῆκον <span class="title">IG</span>12.188.31; <b class="b3">π. τοιοῦτον καιρόν, π. τὰς χρείας</b>, <span class="bibl">D.20.41</span>,46; <b class="b3">π. τὰ δεινά</b> [[in the midst of]] danger, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Ant.</span>63</span>; π. τὴν πρώτην γένεσιν <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>1.10b</span>; <b class="b3">π. τὴν πρώτην</b> (sc. [[ἐπίθεσιν]]) [[at]] the first attack, <span class="bibl">Hld.9.2</span>; π. γε τὴν πρώτην ὁρμήν <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>14.10</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> distributively, whether of Time, <b class="b3">π. τὰ ἑβδομήκοντα ἔτεα</b> [[in each]] complete period of seventy years, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.32</span>; ἐν ταῖς ὁδοιπορίαις π. στάδια διακόσια… τοῖς ἑκατὸν σταδίοις διήνεγκαν ἀλλήλων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>20.18</span>; <b class="b3">πὰρ Ϝέτος</b> [[each]] year, [[every]] year, <span class="title">Tab.Heracl.</span> 1.101; π. τὸν ἐνιαυτὸν ἕκαστον <span class="title">IG</span>12(7).5.14 (Amorgos); <b class="b3">παρ' ἆμάρ τε καὶ νύκτα</b> day and night, B.<span class="title">Fr.</span>7; or more generally, <b class="b3">πὰρ τὰν ἐλαίαν</b> [[in respect of each]] olive plant, <span class="title">Tab.Heracl.</span>1.122; <b class="b3">παρ' ἡμέραν αἱ ἀμίαι πολὺ ἐπιδήλως αὐξάνονται</b> [[from]] day [[to]] day, [[per]] day, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>571a21</span>; τὸ παρ' ἑκάστην βάσιν γινόμενον μικρὸν πολὺ γίνεται π. πολλάς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span> 881b26</span>; ἡ παρ' ἡμέραν χάρις <span class="bibl">D.8.70</span>; τὸ παρ' ἑκάστην ἡμέραν ἡδύ <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Lg.</span>705a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">παρ' ἆμαρ</b> [[on]] (this) day, [[to-day]], <b class="b3">τὸ μὲν πὰρ ἆμαρ, τὸ δέ</b>… [[to]]-day and tomorrow, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>11.63</span>; but <b class="b3">παρ' ἦμαρ</b> [[to]]-morrow, <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">OC</span>1455</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">d</span> [[throughout]] a period of time, π. τὴν ζόην <span class="bibl">Hdt. 7.46</span>; π. τὸν βίον ἅπαντα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>733a</span>; π. πάντα τὸν χρόνον <span class="bibl">D.18.10</span>; also more loosely, [[during]], <b class="b3">π. τὴν πόσιν</b> [[while]] they were drinking, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.121</span>.δ; π. τὸν πότον <span class="bibl">Aeschin.2.156</span>; π. τὴν κύλικα <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Ant.</span>24</span>; <b class="b3">π. δεῖπνον</b> or <b class="b3">π. τὸ δεῖπνον</b>, Id.2.737a,674f. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[along]], ὄνος παρ' ἄρουραν ἰών <span class="bibl">Il.11.558</span>; βῆ δὲ θέειν π. τεῖχος <span class="bibl">12.352</span>; π. ῥόον Ὠκεανοῖο ᾔομεν <span class="bibl">Od. 11.21</span>; ἔπλεον π. τὴν ἤπειρον <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.193</span>; π. πᾶσαν τὴν ὁδόν <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.148</span>; <b class="b3">ὀρθὴν παρ' οἶμον… τύμβον κατόψει</b> straight [[along]] the road, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>835</span>; παρ' ὅλην τὴν φάραγγα <span class="bibl">Plb.10.30.3</span>; <b class="b3">παρ' αὐτὴν τὴν χαράδραν παραπορευομένων</b> ib.<span class="bibl">9</span>; for <b class="b3">παραβάλλειν π</b>., v. supr. c. <span class="bibl">1.4b</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[strictly according to]], [[without deviating from]], εἶμι π. στάθμην ὀρθὴν ὁδόν <span class="bibl">Thgn. 945</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>474.5</span>; <b class="b3">ὠμοί τε δούλοις πάντα καὶ π. στάθμην</b>, i.e. too strict, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1045</span>; <b class="b3">π. τὸν λόγον ὃν ἀποφέρουσιν… ἐπιδείξω</b> I will prove to you [[strictly according to]] the accounts which they themselves submit, <span class="bibl">D.27.34</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[past]], [[beyond]], παρὰ σκοπιὴν καὶ ἐρινεὸν ἠνεμόεντα… ἐσσεύοντο <span class="bibl">Il.22.145</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.3.172</span>, <span class="bibl">24.12</span>; βῆ δὲ π. Κρουνούς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ap.</span>425</span>; <b class="b3">π. τὴν Βαβυλῶνα παριέναι</b> pass [[by]] Babylon, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.2.29</span>; <b class="b3">παρ' αὐτὴν τὴν χύτραν ἄκραν ὁρῶντες</b> looking [[over the edge of]]... <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>390</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., [[over and above]], [[in addition to]], οὐκ ἔστι π. ταῦτ' ἄλλα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Nu.</span> 698</span>; π. ταῦτα πάντα ἕτερόν τι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>74a</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>337d</span>, <span class="bibl">D.18.139</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span> 1.5.5</span>; <b class="b3">ἑκὼν ἐπόνει π. τοὺς ἄλλους</b> [[more than]] the others, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ages.</span>5.3</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Mem.</span>4.4.1</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Oec.</span>20.16</span>; ἃ τῷ ῥαψῳδῷ προσήκει καὶ σκοπεῖσθαι καὶ διακρίνειν π. τοὺς ἄλλους ἀνθρώπους <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ion</span>539e</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> metaph., [[in excess over]], <b class="b3">πὰρ δύναμιν</b> [[beyond]] one's strength, <span class="bibl">Il.13.787</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.1.70</span>, <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Lyc.</span>16</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.Al.</span>1423b29</span>; π. τὴν δ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Po.</span>1451b38</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> metaph., [[in transgression]] or [[violation of]], π. μοῖραν <span class="bibl">Od.14.509</span>; π. μοῖραν Δίος Alc.<span class="title">Supp.</span> 14.10; <b class="b3">παρ' αἶσαν, παρὰ δίκαν</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>8.13</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">O.</span>2.16</span>, etc.; π. τὸ δίκαιον <span class="bibl">Th.5.90</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. τὰς σπονδάς, τὸν νόμον</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.1.67</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>1.7.14</span>; π. φύσιν <span class="bibl">Th.6.17</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>747b</span>; <b class="b3">π. τὴν στήλην</b> prob. in <span class="title">IG</span>12.45.20; <b class="b3">π. καιρόν</b> [[out of]] season, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>8.24</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. γνώμαν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">12.10</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>454</span>; <b class="b3">π. δόξαν, π. τὸ δοκοῦν ἡμῖν, π. λόγον</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.93</span>, <span class="bibl">1.84</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.2.38.5</span>; <b class="b3">παρ' ἐλπίδα</b> or [[ἐλπίδας]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>899</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>392</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">πὰρ μέλος</b> [[out of]] tune, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.69</span>; π. τὴν ἀξίαν <span class="bibl">Th.7.77</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. τὸ εἰωθός, τὸ καθεστηκός</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.4.17</span>, <span class="bibl">1.98</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">π. τοσοῦτον ἦλθε κινδύνου</b>, = [[παρῆλθε τοσοῦτον κινδύνου]], [[passed over]] so much ground within the sphere of danger, i.e. incurred such imminent peril, <span class="bibl">Id.3.49</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.2</span>; in such phrases the tmesis was forgotten, and the acc. came to be governed by [[παρά]], which thus came to mean '[[by]] such and such a margin', '[[with]] so much [[to spare]]', <b class="b3">ἐνίκησαν π. πολύ, ἡσσηθέντες π. πολύ</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.1.29</span>, <span class="bibl">2.89</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Ap.</span>36a</span>; <b class="b3">παρὰ δ' ὀλίγον ἀπέφυγες</b> [[only just]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>870</span> (lyr.); παρ' ὀλίγον ἢ διέφευγον ἢ ἀπώλλυντο <span class="bibl">Th.7.71</span>; <b class="b3">δεινότατον π. πολύ</b> [[by]] far, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span> 445</span>; <b class="b3">παρ' ὅσον</b> [[quatenus]], <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Nec.</span>17</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. δύο ψήφους ἀπέφυγε</b> [[by]] two votes, <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Eux.</span>28</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.23.205</span>; π. τέτταρας ψήφους μετέσχε τῆς πόλεως <span class="bibl">Is.3.37</span>; <b class="b3">π. τοσοῦτον ἐγένετο αὐτῷ μὴ περιπεσεῖν</b> [[by]] so much (= little) he missed falling in with... <span class="bibl">Th.8.33</span>; <b class="b3">π. πέντε ναῦς πλέον ἀνδρὶ ἑκάστῳ ἢ τρεῖς ὀβολοὶ ὡμολογήθησαν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">29</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ π. μικρὸν ἐποίησαν</b> they made no little [[difference]], <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.59</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> in phrases like [[π. τοσοῦτον ἦλθε κινδύνου, τοσοῦτον]] was sometimes understood of the interval [[from]] danger, etc., and [[παρά]] came to mean '[[by]] so much [[short of]]' (τὸ π. μικρὸν ὥσπερ οὐδὲν ἀπέχειν δοκεῖ <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>197a29</span>), [[within]] such and such [[a distance of]], so [[near to]], <b class="b3">τὴν Ἠϊόνα π. νύκτα ἐγένετο</b> (sc. [[αὐτῷ]]) <b class="b3"> λαβεῖν</b> he was [[within]] one night of taking E., <span class="bibl">Th.4.106</span>; <b class="b3">π. μικρὸν ἦλθον ἀποθανεῖν</b> I came [[within]] a little [[of]]... <span class="bibl">Isoc. 19.22</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.1.43.7</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Caes.</span> 39</span>; <b class="b3">παρ' ἐλάχιστον ἦλθε… ἀφελέσθαι</b> was [[within]] an ace [[of]] taking away, <span class="bibl">Th.8.76</span>; <b class="b3">παρ' οὐδὲν μὲν ἦλθον ἀποκτεῖναι</b> (were [[within]] a mere nothing, [[within]] an ace [[of]] killing him), ἐξεκήρυξαν δ' ἐκ πόλεως <span class="bibl">Aeschin. 3.258</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pyrrh.</span> 14</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Alex.</span>62</span>; <b class="b3">π. τοσοῦτον ἦλθε διαφυγεῖν</b> so [[near]] he came to escaping, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Cat.</span>4</span>; παρὰ ἓν πάλαισμα ἔδραμε νικᾶν Ὀλυμπιάδα <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.33</span>; παρ' οὐδὲν ἐλθόντες τοῦ ἀποβαλεῖν <span class="bibl">Plb.1.45.14</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.55.4</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.17.42</span>: hence without [[ἐγένετο]] or <b class="b3">ἐλθεῖν, π. μίαν μονάδα</b> (less) [[by]] one, i.e. [[less]] one, <span class="bibl">Nicom.<span class="title">Ar.</span>1.8</span>; <b class="b3">τεσσαράκοντα π. μίαν</b>, = <span class="bibl">39</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Cor.</span>11.24</span>; <b class="b3">παρ' ἕνα τοσοῦτοι</b> the same number [[less]] one, <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Publ.</span>9</span>; <b class="b3">σύ μοι παρ' ἕνα ἥκεις ἄγων</b> you have brought me one [[too few]], <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Cat.</span>4</span>; δύναται π. δύο συλλαβὰς εἶναι τὸ καταληκτόν <span class="bibl">Heph.4.2</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ὁλοκόττινα ηὑρέθησαν π. ἑπτὰ κεράτια</b> seven carats [[short]], PMasp.70.2 (vi A. D.); <b class="b3">πάντες παρ' ἕνα, πάντες παρ' ὀλίγους</b>, all [[save]] one (a few), <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cat.Mi.</span>20</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>5</span>; ἔτη δύο π. ἡμέρας δύο <span class="title">IG</span>5(1).801 (Laconia); of one <b class="b3">Μάρκος, θηρίον εἶ π. γράμμα</b> you are a bear (ἄρκος) [[all but]] a letter, <span class="title">AP</span>11.231 (Ammian.); <b class="b3">ὡς π. τι καὶ τὰς ὄψεις ἀφανίσαι</b> so that he [[all but]] (lit. [[less]] something) lost his sight, <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.228.6</span>; <b class="b3">π. τι βυθίζεσθαι</b> [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>5.7</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ π. τοῦτο</b> the figure [[less]] that, i.e. the remainder or [[difference]], PTeb.99.10 (ii B. C.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>264.4</span> (i A. D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PAmh.</span>2.148.5</span> (v A. D.); hence of any [[difference]] whether of excess or defect, <b class="b3">οὐδὲν π. τοῦτο ποιούμενοι τοὺς… Λευκανούς τε καὶ τοὺς… Σαυνίτας</b> making no [[difference]] between... <span class="bibl">Str.6.1.3</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">14.5.11</span>, Plu.2.24c. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> hence of the margin [[by]] which anything increases or decreases, and so of the cause [[according to]] which anything comes into existence or varies, τὸ εὖ π. μικρὸν διὰ πολλῶν ἀριθμῶν γίνεται <span class="bibl">Polyclit.2</span> (cf. [[μικρός]] III. <span class="bibl">5</span> c); <b class="b3">διαφέρει π. τὰς τῶν παθημάτων ἐναντιώσεις</b> [[according to]]... <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>486b5</span>; μεταπίπτει π. τὰ κλίματα <span class="bibl">Gem. 5.29</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">11.5</span>, al.; <b class="b3">π. τὰ πράγματα</b> cj. in <span class="bibl">Apollod.Car.11</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> more generally of the margin [[by]] which an event occurs, i.e. of the necessary and sufficient cause or motive (τὸ μὴ π. τοῦτο γίνεσθαι τότε λέγομεν, ὅταν ἀναιρεθέντος τούτου μηδὲν ἧττον περαίνηται ὁ συλλογισμός <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APr.</span>65b6</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">48a24</span>, al.), <b class="b3">κεινὰν π. δίαιταν</b> [[just for the sake of]] unsatisfying food, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>2.65</span>; <b class="b3">ἕκαστος οὐ π. τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ἀμέλειαν οἴεται βλάψειν</b> each thinks that his own negligence will not [[suffice to cause]] injury, <span class="bibl">Th.1.141</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Isoc.3.48</span>; <b class="b3">π. τὴν αὑτοῦ ἁμαρτίαν</b> [[all through]] his own fault, <span class="bibl">Antipho 3.4.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Isoc.6.52</span>, <span class="bibl">D.4.11</span>, <span class="bibl">18.232</span>; <b class="b3">πολλὰ… ἐστιν αἴτια τούτων, καὶ οὐ παρ' ἓν οὐδὲ δύ' εἰς τοῦτο τὰ πράγματ' ἀφῖκται</b> not [[from]] one or two causes [[only]], <span class="bibl">Id.9.2</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ π. τοῦτο οὐκ ἔστι</b> [[it does]] not [[follow that]] it is not... <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>12.15</span>; <b class="b3">π. τὸ τὴν ἀρίθμησιν ποιήσασθαι ἐξ ἑτοίμου τοὺς ἐργώνας οὐκ ὀλίγα χρήματα περιεποίησε τῇ πόλει</b> [[by the simple fact of]] prompt payment, <span class="title">IPE</span>12.32<span class="hiitalic">B</span>35 (Olbia, iii B. C.); οὐδὲν ἂν παρ' ἕνα ἄνθρωπον ἐγένετο τούτων <span class="bibl">Lycurg.63</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.3.103.2</span>, <span class="bibl">18.28.6</span>, al.; <b class="b3">οὐδεὶς παρ' ἑαυτόν ἐστι βασιλεύς</b> [[thanks to]] himself [[alone]], Aristeas <span class="bibl">224</span>; παρ' αὑτὸν ἀτυχεῖ <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>3.24.2</span>, cf. Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>2.16 S.; παρ' ἡμᾶς ἡ τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἀπόστασις <span class="bibl">Hierocl. <span class="title">in CA</span>25p.477M.</span>; <b class="b3">εἶναι π. τοῦτο σωτηρίαν τε πόλει καὶ τοὐναντίον</b>, i.e. [[on]] this [[depends]]... <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>715d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.Mag.</span>1.5</span>, D.C.<span class="title">Fr.</span>36.5; π. μίαν ἡμέραν καὶ ἓν πρᾶγμα καὶ ἀπόλλυται προκοπὴ καὶ σῴζεται <span class="bibl">Epict.<span class="title">Ench.</span>51.2</span>; <b class="b3">π. τὸ Ἕλληνά με εἶναι</b> [[just because]] I am a Greek, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>7.13</span> (ii B. C.); π. τὸ ἀγαπᾶν αὐτὸν αὐτήν <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>29.20</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ex.</span>14.11</span>; later more loosely, [[because of]]... Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1.158 S., <span class="bibl">Gem.6.24</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οὐδὲν π. σὲ γέγονε</b> it is no fault of yours, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PRyl.</span>243.6</span> (ii A. D.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1420.7</span> (ii A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">8</span> of a limit of possibility, εἴπερ ἐνεδέχετο π. τοὺς παρόντας καιρούς <span class="bibl">D.18.239</span>; <b class="b3">πεῖσαι τό γε παρ' αὑτόν</b> to persuade (the judges) [[so far as in]] you [[lies]], <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>2.2.20</span>; <b class="b3">οἴμωζε παρ' ἐμέ</b> [[as far as]] I [[am concerned]], [[for all]] I [[care]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>846</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">D</span> POSITION: [[παρά]] may follow its Subst. in all three cases, but then becomes by anastrophe [[πάρα]]: when the ult. is elided, the practice varies, τῇσι παρ' <span class="bibl">Il.18.400</span>; but <b class="b3">Ἡφαίστοιο πάρ'</b> ib.<span class="bibl">191</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">E</span> [[παρά]] abs., as ADV., [[near]], [[together]], <span class="bibl">Il.1.611</span>, al., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>201</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">F</span> [[πάρα]] (with anastrophe) stands for [[πάρεστι]] and [[πάρεισι]], <span class="bibl">Il.1.174</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>454</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>167</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.42</span>, al., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>285</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>862</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">G</span> IN COMPOS., </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> [[alongside of]], [[beside]], of rest, <b class="b3">παράκειμαι, παράλληλοι, παρέζομαι, πάρειμι (εἰμί), παρίστημι</b>; of motion, [[παραπλέω]], [[πάρειμι]] (εἶμι). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[to the side of]], [[to]], [[παραδίδωμι]], [[παρέχω]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[to one side of]], [[by]], [[past]], <b class="b3">παρέρχομαι, παροίχομαι, παραπέμπω, παρακμάζω, παρατρέχω</b>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> metaph., </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> [[aside]] or [[beyond]], i.e. [[amiss]], [[wrong]], <b class="b3">παραβαίνω, παράγω, παροράω, παρορκέω, παρακούω, παραγιγνώσκω</b>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of comparison, as in [[παραβάλλω]], [[παρατίθημι]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> of alteration or change, as in <b class="b3">παραλλάσσω, παραπείθω, παραπλάσσω, παρατεκταίνω, παραυδάω, παράφημι</b>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> of a side-issue, [[παραπόλλυμι]]. (Cogn. with Goth. [[faúr]] 'along', Lat. [[por]]-.)</span>