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|etymtx=( | |etymtx=([[βρῖ]])<br />Grammatical information: ?<br />Meaning: <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τοῦ μεγάλου καὶ ἰσχυροῦ καὶ χαλεποῦ τίθεται</b> H.<br />Dialectal forms: The interpretation of Myc. [[piritawo]] is uncertain.<br />Compounds: In e.g. <b class="b3">βρι-ήπυος</b> [[loud crying]] of Ares (Ν 521), with [[ἠπύω]], [[Βριάρεως]] s. below, <b class="b3">βριηρόν μεγάλως κεχαρισμένον</b> H. (cf. Sommer Nominalkomp. 139, to [[ἦρα]]?; against Hoffmann Glotta 28, 23f.). [[Βρίακχος]] [[Bacchante]] (S.) with [[ἰάχω]], [[Ἴακχος]].<br />Derivatives: Adj. [[βριαρός]] [[strong]] (Il.) (cf. [[χαλαρός]] beside <b class="b3">χαλί-φρων</b>). Verb [[βριάω]] <b class="b2">be or make strong, mighty</b> (Hes.; cf. [[χαλάω]]) backformation from [[βριαρός]]? s. Schwyzer 682f., Bechtel a. a. O; also [[βριερός]]. For [[Βριάρεως]], a giant with hundred arms (Il.), in Hes. <b class="b3">Ο᾽βριάρεως</b>, the interpretation <b class="b2">who causes much damage (ἀρή)</b> (Bechtel, Lex.) is most uncertain; much more probably it is a Pre-Gr. name, Fur. 168 n. 103. - With [[θ]]: [[βρίθω]], ([[βέβριθα]], [[βρῖσαι]]) <b class="b2">be laden with, full of</b> (Il); [[βριθύς]] <b class="b2">heavy(?)</b> (Il.), [[βρῖθος]] n. [[weight]] (Hp.), [[βριθοσύνη]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (Il.) - Here also <b class="b3">βρινδεῖν θυμοῦσθαι</b>, [[ἐρεθίζειν]] H. with prenasalization of <b class="b3">βριθ-</b>? (for the meaning cf. [[βριμάομαι]]). Further [[βρίμη]], [[βριμάομαι]]. S. also [[βρίζω]] and [[ὕβρις]].<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: The idea of an [[ablaut]] <b class="b2">i/ia</b> must be given up; such cases have appeared to continue <b class="b2">-ih₂-/-ih₂-e</b>. So [[βριαρός]] could be <b class="b2">*gʷrih₂-eros</b>. (There can be no derivational system <b class="b2">i/ro</b> in these words; nor is a form <b class="b3">*βριαρ</b> probable, as Benveniste supposed, Origines 15.) The connection with [[βαρύς]] has also become very doubtful: [[βαρύς]] continues <b class="b2">*gʷrH-u-</b>, and <b class="b2">*gʷrH-iH-</b> would have given <b class="b3">*βαρι-</b>; possible would be <b class="b2">*gʷr-iH-</b>, from a root without laryngeal, but the only evidence for such a root would be Skt. <b class="b2">grī-ṣmá-</b> m. [[Hochsommer]], if *`die Zeit des heftigen, starken Sommers' (Wackernagel KZ 61, 197f., with <b class="b2">sámā</b> <b class="b2">(half)year</b>, Av. <b class="b2">ham-</b> [[summer]] - but these derive from <b class="b2">*smH-</b>, which would make difficulty), but this analysis is quite uncertain (a meaning <b class="b2">heavy;</b> does not seem appropriate). - (That Lat. (Osc.-Umbr.) [[brūtus]] = Latv. <b class="b2">grũts</b> [[heavy]] is a parallel <b class="b2">ū-</b>enlargement is even more doubtful.) - The <b class="b3">-θ-</b> can be the enlargement indicating a state (Benveniste, Origines 190).- As Fur. (168 n. 104, 174 n. 122, 246f) remarks the words refer more to [[big]], [[strong]], [[χαλεπός]] than to 'heavy'. The connection to [[βριμός]] (s. [[βρίμη]]) therefore seems evident. As <b class="b3">βριμ-</b> is very probable related to [[ὄβριμος]] (cf. [[ὀβριάρεως]]), we have to do with a Pre-Greek word (Fur. index). S. [[φριμάσσομαι]]. | ||
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|ftr='''βρί''': (βρῖ)<br />{brí}<br />'''Meaning''': ἐπὶ [[τοῦ]] μεγάλου καὶ ἰσχυροῦ καὶ χαλεποῦ τίθεται H., auch = βριθύ (A. D.).<br />'''Composita''' : Als Vorderglied z. B. in [[βριήπυος]] [[stark schreiend]] Beiw. des Ares (Ν 521), Zusammenbildung mit [[ἠπύω]], [[Βριάρεως]] myth. EN (Α 403 usw., Bechtel Lex. s. [[βριήπυος]], Immisch RhM 47, 294, Heubeck Würzburger Jahrbücher 4, 214f.), βριηρόν· [[μεγάλως]] κεχαρισμένον H. (vgl. zuletzt Sommer Nominalkomp. 139 gegen Hoffmann Glotta 28, 23f.).<br />'''Derivative''': Neben diesem nur als Vorderglied belegten βρι- steht das Adjektiv [[βριαρός]] [[wuchtig]], [[schwer]] (ep. seit Il.) wie das Oppositum [[χαλαρός]] neben [[χαλίφρων]]; hinzu kommt [[βριάω]] ‘wuchtig machen od. sein’ (Hes., Opp.) wie [[χαλάω]], somit vielleicht Rückbildung aus [[βριαρός]]; vgl. Schwyzer 682f., Bechtel a. a. O. — Alt und verbreitet ist die θ-Erweiterung in βρί̄θω, [[βέβριθα]], wozu βρῖσαι, [[wuchtig]], [[schwer belastet sein]], auch [[belasten]] (ion. poet. seit Il., sp. Prosa, vgl. Schwyzer 703, Risch 217) mit den seltenen [[βριθύς]] [[wuchtig]], [[schwer]] (poet. seit Il.), [[βρῖθος]] n. [[Wucht]], [[Last]], [[Schwere]] (Hp., E. usw.), [[βριθοσύνη]] ib. (Il., Nonn., vgl. die zahlreichen hom. Nomina auf -σύνη bei Risch 138, Porzig Satzinhalte 72, 226). — S. noch [[βρίμη]], [[βριμάομαι]]; auch [[βρίζω]] und [[ὕβρις]].<br />'''Etymology''' : Mit größter Wahrscheinlichkeit zu [[βαρύς]], von dem es sich durch die Schwundstufe der Wurzelsilbe und die ι-Erweiterung unterscheidet; neben dem einsilbigen ι wohl zweisilbiges ια (< ''ii̯ə'') in [[βριαρός]]; vgl. zu 1. [[ἀρύω]]. Eine analoge ''ū''-Erweiterung liegt vor in lat. (osk.-umbr.) ''brūtus'' = lett. ''grũts'' [[schwer]]. — Nach einer scharfsinnigen Vermutung von Wackernagel KZ 61, 197f. hat βρι- ein Gegenstück in aind. ''grī''-''ṣmá''- m. [[Hochsommer]], eig. *[[die Zeit des heftigen]], [[starken Sommers]]? (zu ''sámā'' ‘(Halb)jahr’, aw. ''ham''- [[Sommer]]). — Sehr fraglich ist dagegen die Heranziehung von air. ''brīg'' [[Kraft]], [[Macht]], [[Wert]] und verwandten keltischen Wörtern (Fick 2, 185).<br />'''Page''' 1,267-268 | |||
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