στέφω: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=-ομαι<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to surround closely, to enclose tightly, to encase, to wreathe, to honour (with libations)</b> (for it, esp in prose, often [[στεφανόω]]).<br />Other forms: Aor. [[στέψαι]], <b class="b3">-ασθαι</b> (Il.), pass. [[στεφθῆναι]], fut. [[στέψω]], <b class="b3">-ομαι</b>, perf. [[ἔστεμμαι]] (IA.; [[ἐστεθμένος]] Miletos VIa; cf. [[στέθματα]] below).<br />Compounds: Also w. <b class="b3">περι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b> a.o. As 2. member a.o. in <b class="b3">χρυσο-στεφής</b> [[consisting of a golden garland]] (S.), but most verbal, e.g. <b class="b3">καταστεφ-ής</b> [[wreathed]] (: <b class="b3">κατα-στέφω</b>, S., A. R.).<br />Derivatives: 1. [[στέφος]] n. [[wreath]], [[garland]] (Emp., trag., late prose), metaph. [[honouring libation]] (A. Oh. 95); 2. [[στέμμα]], most pl. <b class="b3">-ατα</b> n. [[band]], [[wreath]] (Il.), also as ornament of Rom. figures or ancestors, [[family tree]] (Plu., Sen., Plin.), [[guild]] (late inscr.) with <b class="b3">-ματίας</b> surn. of Apollon (Paus.), <b class="b3">-ματιαῖον</b> meaning uncertain (H., AB), <b class="b3">-ματόω</b> [[to wreathe]] (E.); on the byform <b class="b3">στέθματα τὰ στέμματα</b> H. s. Schwyzer 317 Zus. 1 (w. lit.). 3. [[στέψις]] f. [[the wreathing]] (pap. IIIp). 4. [[στεπτικόν]] n. <b class="b2">wreath-money, -toll</b> (pap. IIIp). 5. <b class="b3">στεπτήρια στέμματα</b>, <b class="b3">α οἱ ἱέται ἐκ τῶν κλάδων ἐξῆπτον</b> H.; [[Στεπτήριον]] n. name of a Delphic feast (Plu.). 6. [[στεφών]] m. [[summit]] (Ephesos IIIa), = [[ὑψηλός]], [[ἀπόκρημνος]] H.; after [[κολοφών]] a.o. -- 7. [[στεφάνη]] f. [[fillet]], [[edge of a helmet]] also [[helmet]] (Trümpy Fachausdrücke 43. also Hainsworth JHSt. 78, 52), <b class="b2">edge of a rock, wall-pinnacle</b> (esp. ep. poet. Il., also hell. a. late prose). 8. [[στέφανος]] m. <b class="b2">wreath, frame, wreath of victory or honour, honour</b> (since Ν 736) with several derivv.: <b class="b3">-ιον</b>, <b class="b3">-ίσκος</b>, <b class="b3">-ίς</b>, <b class="b3">-ικός</b>, <b class="b3">-ιαῖος</b>. <b class="b3">-ίτης</b>, <b class="b3">-ιτικός</b>, <b class="b3">-ίζω</b>, <b class="b3">-ίξαι</b>; esp. <b class="b3">-όομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-όω</b>, also w. <b class="b3">περι-</b> a.o., <b class="b2">to form a wreath, to wreathe, to crown, to decorate, to honour</b> (Il.), from where <b class="b3">-ωμα</b>, <b class="b3">-ωματικός</b>, <b class="b3">-ωσις</b>, <b class="b3">-ωτής</b>. <b class="b3">-ωτίς</b> and <b class="b3">-ωτρίς</b> (Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 164), <b class="b3">-ωτικός</b>.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: As the basic meaning of [[στέφω]], from which all other formations ar serived, clearly is [[closely]], [[fest surrounded]], [[enclosed]], there is no reason not to connect, Skt. <b class="b2">stabhnā́ti</b>, perf. <b class="b2">tastámbha</b> <b class="b2">make fest, hold fest, support, stiffen, stem</b>, as already appears from [[πύκα]] [[close]], [[fest]], [[πυκάζω]] [[make fest]], [[enclose narrowly]], <b class="b3">ἄμ-πυξ</b> (and Av. [[pusā]]) [[band of the forehead]], [[diadem]] [but see s.v.]. Of the many further representatives of this great and difficult to limit wordgroup may only still be mentioned Skt. <b class="b2">stambha-</b> m. <b class="b2">making fest, stem, support, post, pillar</b>, Lith. <b class="b2">stam̃bas</b> [[stump]], [[stalk of a plant]], Latv. [[stabs]] [[pillar]], Germ. e.g. OHG [[stabēn]] [[be fixed]], [[stiff]] (Eastfris. [[staf]] [[stiff]], [[lame]]), OWNo. [[stefja]] [[stem]], OHG [[stab]], OWNo. [[stafr]] [[staff]]; IE <b class="b2">*stebh-</b>, <b class="b2">stembh-</b> (WP. 2, 623ff., Pok. 1011 ff.). -- As Skt. <b class="b2">stambha-</b> can also mean [[bumptiousness]], [[pretentious being]], the question has arisen, whether also [[στόμφος]] [[bombastic]], [[highflown speech]] belongs here; cf. on [[στέμβω]]. With <b class="b2">stabhnā́ti</b> etc. are often connected [[στέμβω]] [wrongly, s.v.], [[ἀστεμφής]] etc. assuming a meaning complex <b class="b2">press, stamp, stem, support, post etc.</b> (s. WP. and Pok. l. c.), a combination, which goes beyond what can be proven. -- Diff. on [[στέφω]], [[στέφανος]] Lidén Streitberg-Festgabe 224ff.: to NPers. <b class="b2">tāǰ</b> [[corona]], [[diadema regium]], Arm. <b class="b2">t`ag</b> <b class="b2">id.</b>, ev. also to Osset. multiplicative suffix <b class="b2">-daɣ</b> (W. Oss. [[dudaɣ]]) with a basic meaning [[wind]], [[wrap]], [[fold]]; would be IE *(<b class="b2">s)tegʷʰ-</b>. == Frisk's discussion is completely dated. It is hampered by Pok. 1011, where (<b class="b2">*stebh-</b>. <b class="b2">*stembh-</b> and <b class="b2">*step-</b> are conbined; this is impossible in IE, so the grouping can best be completely dismissed (presence beside absence of a nasal is impossible, as is [[bh]]/[[b]]/[[p]].) Skt. <b class="b2">stabhnáti</b> has a root <b class="b2">*stembhH-</b>/<b class="b2">*stm̥bhH-</b>, which cannot give Gr. <b class="b3">στεφ-</b>, not <b class="b3">στεμβ-</b>. It might be found in [[ἀστεμφής]]. = [[σταφυλή]] and [[στέμφυλον]] are a Pre-Greek group and have nothing to do with IE. = The argumentation around [[ἄμπυξ]] (s.v.) can better be abandoned. = For [[στέφω]] one expects *stebh- (without nasal), but no such root has been found; the Geranic words for <b class="b2">staff (Stab)</b> have a quite diff. meaning. = So [[στέφω]] has no etym.