λανθάνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class=bibl>Pi.<span class=title>Fr</span>.75.13</span>, etc.:—also λήθω (which is the form of the Act. generally used in compds., <b class="b3">δια-λανθάνω</b> being the sole exception), <span class=bibl>Il.23.323</span>, <span class=bibl>S.<span class=title>OT</span>1325</span> (lyr.), <span class=bibl>X.<span class=title>Smp</span>.4.48</span>; Dor. λάθω [ᾱ] S.<span class=title>El</span>. <span class=bibl>222</span> (lyr.); inf.<span class=sense><p><span class="bld">A</span> λᾱθέμεν <span class=bibl>Pi.<span class=title>O</span>.1.64</span>: impf. ἐλάνθανον <span class=bibl>Il.13.721</span>, etc.; ἔληθον <span class=bibl>Od.19.151</span>, <span class=bibl>S.<span class=title>El</span>.1359</span>; Ep. λῆθον <span class=bibl>Il.15.461</span>; Ion. λήθεσκεν <span class=bibl>24.13</span>: fut. λήσω <span class=bibl>Od.11.102</span>, <span class=bibl>Ar.<span class=title>Ec</span>.98</span>, etc.; Aeol.inf. λᾱσην Alc.<span class=title>Supp</span>.22.8; Dor. λᾱσῶ <span class=bibl>Theoc.14.9</span>, al., so (in late writers) [[λήσομαι]], v. infr. c. <span class=bibl>11</span>: aor. 1 ἔλησα <span class=bibl>Nic.<span class=title>Al</span>.280</span> (but Hom. has <b class="b3">ἐπ-έλησα</b>, Alc. <b class="b3">ἐξ-έλᾱσα</b>, in causal sense): aor. 2 ἔλᾰθον <span class=bibl>Il.17.676</span>, etc. (for [[λέλᾰθον]], v. infr. B): pf. λέληθα <span class=bibl>Semon.7.9</span>, <span class=bibl>Sol.13.27</span>; Aeol.part.λελᾱθων Alc.<span class=title>Supp</span>.26.8: plpf. [[ἐλελήθειν]], Att. -ήθη, <span class=bibl>Th.8.33</span>, <span class=bibl>Ar.<span class=title>Eq</span>.822</span>, <span class=bibl><span class=title>Nu</span>.380</span>, <span class=bibl>Luc.<span class=title>Pr.Im</span>. 15</span>; Ion.3sg. ἐλελήθεε <span class=bibl>Hdt.6.79</span>. </span><span class=sense><span class="bld">B</span> causal ληθάνω, aor. 2 [[λέλᾰθον]], v. infr. B. </span><span class=sense><span class="bld">C</span> Med. and Pass., λανθάνομαι <span class=bibl>Arist.<span class=title>Po</span>.1455a25</span> ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]), λήθομαι <span class=bibl>Il.11.790</span>, <span class=bibl>A.<span class=title>Ag</span>.39</span>; Dor. <b class="b3">λάθομαι [ᾱ</b>] <span class=bibl>Pi.<span class=title>O</span>.8.72</span>: Ep. impf. λανθανόμην <span class=bibl>Od.12.227</span>: fut. λήσομαι <span class=bibl>1.308</span>; Dor. λᾱσεῦμαι <span class=bibl>Theoc.4.39</span>, also λελήσομαι <span class=bibl>E.<span class=title>Alc</span>.198</span>: aor. 1 [[ἐλησάμην]] or [[λησάμην]] only in late Ep., <span class=bibl>Maiist.47</span>, <span class=bibl>Mosch.3.62</span> (Dor. λᾱς-), <span class=bibl>Q.S.3.99</span>, etc.; also [[ἐλήσθην]], Dor. inf. λασθῆμεν <span class=bibl>Theoc.2.46</span>, cf. [[διαλανθάνω]]: aor. 2 [[ἐλᾰθόμην]], Ep. λαθ-, <span class=bibl>Il.13.835</span>, <span class=bibl>E.<span class=title>Hipp</span>.289</span>: rare in Prose exc. in compds., <span class=bibl>Plu.<span class=title>Caes</span>.38</span>; also Ep. redupl. [[λελάθοντο]], etc., v. infr. c: pf. λέλησμαι <span class=bibl>S.<span class=title>El</span>.342</span>, <span class=bibl>Pl.<span class=title>Phdr</span>.252a</span>; Ep. [[λέλασμαι]], part. [[λελασμένος]], etc.; cf. [[ἐπιλήθω]]. </span><span class=sense><span class="bld">A</span> in most of the act. tenses, <b class='b2'>escape notice</b> (freq. joined with a neg.):—Constr.: </span><span class=sense><span class="bld">1</span> c. acc. pers. only, [[escape]] his [[notice]], λάθε δ' Ἕκτορα <span class=bibl>Il.22.277</span>; οὐδέ σε λήσει <span class=bibl>23.326</span>; οὐ λῆθε Διὸς πυκινὸν νόον <span class=bibl>15.461</span>, cf. <span class=bibl>Od.11.102</span>, al.; [τοῦτον] οὐκ ἔστι λαθεῖν ὄμματα φωτός <span class=bibl>A.<span class=title>Ag</span>. 796</span> (anap.); οὐ λάθει μ' ὀργά <span class=bibl>S.<span class=title>El</span>.222</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class=bibl><span class=title>Ph</span>.207</span> (lyr.); τουτί μ' ἐλελήθειν <span class=bibl>Ar.<span class=title>Nu</span>.380</span>; <b class="b3">εἰ λανθάνει σε</b> perhaps you <b class='b2'>don't know</b>, <span class=bibl>Men. <span class=title>Sam</span>.78</span>: impers., <b class="b3">λεληθέναι οὐ θαυμάζω τὸ πλῆθος περὶ τούτου</b> it <b class='b2'>escaped the notice of</b> the people, <span class=bibl>X.<span class=title>Hier</span>.2.5</span>; <b class="b3">σὲ δὲ λέληθεν περὶ τοῦτο ὡς</b>… <span class=bibl>Pl. <span class=title>Lg</span>.903c</span>. </span><span class=sense><span class="bld">2</span> most freq. with a part. added, in which case we usually translate the part. by a Verb, and express [[λανθάνω]] by an Adv., <b class='b2'>unawares, without being observed</b>; either, </span><span class=sense><span class="bld">a</span> c. acc. pers., <b class="b3">ἄλλον τινὰ λήθω μαρνάμενος</b> I <b class='b2'>am unseen by</b> others while fighting, i.e. <span class=bibl>1</span> fight [[unseen]] by them, <span class=bibl>Il.13.273</span>; πάντας ἐλάνθανε δάκρυα λείβων <span class=bibl>Od.8.93</span>, cf. <span class=bibl>12.17</span>, <span class=bibl>220</span>, <span class=bibl>19.88</span>, al., <span class=bibl>Pi.<span class=title>O</span>.1.64</span>, <span class=bibl>6.36</span>, <span class=bibl>Hdt.8.25</span>: freq. in Trag. and Att., <b class="b3">μὴ λάθῃ με προσπεσών</b> lest he come on [[unseen]] by me, <span class=bibl>S.<span class=title>Ph</span>.46</span>, cf. <span class=bibl>156</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ὅπως μὴ λήσουσιν αὐτοὺς αἱ νῆες… ἀφορμηθεῖσαι</b> should put to sea <b class='b2'>without their observing</b> them, <span class=bibl>Th.8.10</span>; or, </span><span class=sense><span class="bld">b</span> without an acc., <b class="b3">φονέα ἐλάνθανε βόσκων</b> he maintained the murderer [[unawares]], <span class=bibl>Hdt.1.44</span>; λέληθας ἐχθρὸς ὤν <span class=bibl>S.<span class=title>OT</span>415</span>; δουλεύων λέληθας <span class=bibl>Ar.<span class=title>V</span>. 517</span>; συνέβη δὲ ὑπερημέρῳ γενομένῳ λαθεῖν <span class=bibl>D.21.89</span>: the reflex. Pron. may be supplied and is sometimes added, λέληθεν αὑτὸν τοῖς ξυνοῦσιν ὢν βαρύς <span class=bibl>S.<span class=title>Fr</span>.103</span>; ἕως σαυτὸν λάθοις διαρραγείς <span class=bibl>Ar.<span class=title>Pax</span>32</span>, cf. <span class=bibl><span class=title>Nu</span>.242</span>, <span class=bibl>X.<span class=title>An</span>.6.3.22</span>: sts., however, a different object must be supplied from the context, <b class="b3">βάλλοντες ἐλάνθανον</b> (not [[ἑαυτούς]], but [[Τρῶας]]) <span class=bibl>Il. 13.721</span>; ἐλάνθανε [πάντας] ἔχων <span class=bibl>Hdt.8.5</span>; <b class="b3">μὴ διαφθαρεὶς λάθῃ [τινὰ ὁ βίος</b>] <span class=bibl>S.<span class=title>Ph</span>.506</span>; μὴ λάθῃ [ἡμᾶς] φύγδα βάς <span class=bibl>A.<span class=title>Eu</span>.256</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class=bibl>Th. 4.133</span>, etc.—In a few examples this constr. is reversed, and [[λαθών]] is put in the part., as in our idiom, <b class="b3">ἀπὸ τείχεος ἆλτο λαθών</b> (for <b class="b3">ἔλαθεν ἁλόμενος</b>) <span class=bibl>Il.12.390</span>; ἣ… λήθουσά μ' ἐξέπινες <span class=bibl>S.<span class=title>Ant</span>.532</span>. </span><span class=sense><span class="bld">3</span> rarely c. acc. et inf., <b class="b3">μή σε λαθέτω ὑπερτιθέμεν</b> <b class='b2'>let it</b> not [[escape]] thee to…, i.e. [[forget]] not to…, <span class=bibl>Pi.<span class=title>P</span>.5.23</span>; ἔλαθεν αὐτὸν σύνθημα δοῦναι <span class=bibl>Plu.<span class=title>Arist</span>. 17</span>; <b class="b3">σφᾶς λέληθε Θεόδωρον εἶναι</b> <b class='b2'>it has been unnoticed</b> that it was…, <span class=bibl>Paus.9.41.1</span>. </span><span class=sense><span class="bld">4</span> followed by a relat. clause, <b class="b3">οὐδέ με λήθεις, ὅττι θεῶν τίς σ' ἦγε</b> thou [[escapest]] me not, <b class='b2'>it is</b> not [[unknown]] to me, that some god led thee, <span class=bibl>Il.24.563</span>; <b class="b3">οὐδέ ἑ λήθει, ὅππως</b>… <span class=bibl>23.323</span>; <b class="b3">ἐδόκεες θεοὺς λήσειν οἷα ἐμηχανῶ</b> thou thought'st to [[escape]] the gods' [[notice]] in…, <span class=bibl>Hdt.8.106</span>; οὔκουν με… οἷα πράττεις λανθάνει <span class=bibl>Ar.<span class=title>Eq</span>.465</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ λανθάνεις με, ὅτι</b>… <span class=bibl>X.<span class=title>Mem</span>.3.5.24</span>, cf. <span class=bibl><span class=title>Smp</span>.3.6</span>, <span class=bibl>13</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ γείτων λ. τινὰ οὐ μόνον ὅτι πράττει, ἀλλ' εἰ</b>… <span class=bibl>Pl.<span class=title>Tht</span>.174b</span>. </span><span class=sense><span class="bld">5</span> abs., <b class='b2'>escape notice</b> or [[detection]], <span class=bibl>S.<span class=title>Tr</span>.455</span>, <span class=bibl>Th.1.37</span>, <span class=bibl>69</span>, al.; λάθε βιώσας <span class=bibl>Epicur.<span class=title>Fr</span>.551</span>; λανθάνει τὸ οὖρον προσπῖπτον <span class=bibl>Hp.<span class=title>Coac</span>.464</span>. </span><span class=sense><span class="bld">B</span> causal, <b class='b2'>make one forget</b> a thing, c. gen. rei, in compds. <b class="b3">ἐκληθάνω, ἐπι-λήθω</b>; the simple Verb only in Ep. redupl. aor. 2, <b class="b3">ὄφρα… λελάθῃ ὀδυνάων</b> that… he <b class='b2'>may cause</b> him <b class='b2'>to forget</b> his pains, <span class=bibl>Il.15.60</span>; πόλιν λελάθοιτε συντυχιᾶν <span class=title>Lyr.Adesp</span>.140.9: but </span><span class=sense><span class="bld">II</span> in late Ep., [[λέλαθον]], = [[ἔλαθον]], <b class='b2'>escaped notice of</b>, <b class="b3">ἑὸν νόον, τοκῆας</b>, <span class=bibl>A.R.2.226</span>, <span class=bibl>3.779</span>, cf. <span class=bibl>Orph.<span class=title>A</span>.876</span>. </span><span class=sense><span class="bld">C</span> Med. and Pass., [[let]] a thing <b class='b2'>escape one, forget</b>, </span><span class=sense><span class="bld">1</span> [[forget]] simply, in pres. (abs.), σὺ δὲ λήθεαι <span class=bibl>Il.11.790</span>: c. gen., Κίρκης μὲν ἐφημοσύνης… λανθανόμην <span class=bibl>Od.12.227</span>, cf. <span class=bibl>Pi.<span class=title>O</span>.8.72</span>; οὔ ποτε λήσομαι αὐτῶν <span class=bibl>Od.1.308</span>; ἄλγος, οὗ ποτ' οὐ λελήσεται <span class=bibl>E.<span class=title>Alc</span>.198</span>: mostly in aor. 2, ἀλκῆς λαθέσθαι <span class=bibl>A.<span class=title>Supp</span>.731</span>; νόστου τε λαθέσθαι <span class=bibl>Od.9.97</span>; <b class="b3">πῶς ἂν… Ὀδυσῆος… λαθοίμην</b>; <span class=bibl>1.65</span>: also in redupl. aor., οὐδὲ σέθεν… θεοὶ μάκαρες λελάθοντο <span class=bibl>Il.4.127</span>; μή τίς μοι ἀπειλάων λελαθέσθω <span class=bibl>16.200</span>; οὐ δυνάμην λελαθέσθ' Ἄτης <span class=bibl>19.136</span> (but in <span class=bibl>Hes.<span class=title>Th</span>.471</span> like the Act., <b class="b3">ὅπως λελάθοιτο τεκοῦσα</b> that she might bear [[unknown]]): so in pf., τῶν δὲ λέλασται <span class=bibl>Il.5.834</span>; ἐμεῖο λελασμένος <span class=bibl>23.69</span>; κείνου λελῆσθαι <span class=bibl>S. <span class=title>El</span>.342</span>, etc.; ἑταίρων πάντων λέλησται <span class=bibl>Pl.<span class=title>Phdr</span>.252a</span>: with a relat. clause, λελασμένος ὅσσ' ἐπεπόνθει <span class=bibl>Od.13.92</span>: fut. Med. in pass. sense, once in S., <b class="b3">οὐδέ ποτε λησόμενον οἷον ἔφυ κακόν</b> never <b class='b2'>will be forgotten, El</b>. 1249 (lyr.); cf. [[ἐπιλανθάνω]]. </span><span class=sense><span class="bld">2</span> [[forget purposely]], [[pass over]], <b class="b3">ἢ λάθετ' ἢ οὐκ ἐνόησεν</b> either he <b class='b2'>chose to forget it</b>…, <span class=bibl>Il.9.537</span>; μαθοῦσιν αὐδῶ, κοὐ μαθοῦσι λήθομαι <span class=bibl>A.<span class=title>Ag</span>.39</span>. </span><span class=sense><span class="bld">II</span> in later writers fut. Med. is used like Act., <b class='b2'>escape notice</b>, ἡμᾶς <span class=bibl>Arist.<span class=title>APr</span>.66a31</span>, cf. <span class=bibl>A.R.3.737</span>, <span class=bibl>Luc.<span class=title>Sacr</span>.14</span>: abs., <span class=bibl>Alciphr.3.52</span></span>.

|lsmtext='''λανθάνω:''' και [[λήθω]] (√<i>ΛΑΘ</i>),<br /><b class="num">Α.</b> παρατ. <i>ἐλάνθανον</i>, <i>ἔληθον</i>, Επικ. [[λῆθον]], Ιων. γʹ ενικ. <i>λήθεσκεν</i>· μέλ. [[λήσω]], Δωρ. <i>λᾱσῶ</i>, αόρ. βʹ <i>ἔλᾰθον</i>, παρακ. [[λέληθα]], υπερσ. <i>ἐλελήθειν</i>, Αττ. βʹ και γʹ ενικ. <i>ἐλελήθης</i>, <i>ἐλελήθη</i>, Ιων. [[ἐλελήθεε]]· στους περισσότερους Ενεργ. χρόνους, [[διαφεύγω]] της προσοχής κάποιου, [[παραμένω]] [[άγνωστος]], [[αόρατος]], [[απαρατήρητος]]. Συντάσσεται:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> με αιτ. προσ. μόνο, [[λανθάνω]] τινά, [[ξεφεύγω]] της προσοχής κάποιου, Λατ. [[latere]] aliquem, σε Όμηρ., Αττ.· απρόσ., <i>σὲ λέληθε</i>, διέφυγε της προσοχής [[σου]], σε Πλάτ.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[συχνά]] με μτχ., [[οπότε]] η μτχ. μεταφράζεται ως [[ρήμα]], και το [[λανθάνω]] με επίρρ., απροσδόκητα, απαρατήρητα, αόρατα· και αυτό, <b>α)</b> [[είτε]] με αιτ. προσ., ἄλλον τινὰ [[λήθω]] μαρνάμενος, δεν βλέπομαι από κάποιον ενώ [[μάχομαι]], δηλ. [[μάχομαι]] [[χωρίς]] να [[φαίνομαι]], σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.· <i>μὴ λάθῃ με προσπεσών</i>, [[μήπως]] επέρθει απροσδόκητα, σε Σοφ. <b>β)</b> [[είτε]] [[χωρίς]] αιτ., <i>μὴ διαφθαρείς λάθῃ</i>, [[μήπως]] καταστραφεί [[χωρίς]] να το καταλάβει, στον ίδ.· <i>δουλεύων λέληθας</i>, έγινες [[σκλάβος]] [[χωρίς]] να το καταλάβεις, σε Αριστοφ. Η [[σύνταξη]] αυτή αντιστρέφεται και το [[λαθών]] τίθεται αντί μτχ., ἀπὸ τείχεος [[ἇλτο]] [[λαθών]] (αντί ἔλαθεν [[ἁλόμενος]]), σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.· <i>λήθουσά μ' ἐξέπινες</i>, σε Σοφ. <b>Β.</b> Ενεργ., [[ληθάνω]], αόρ. βʹ <i>λέλᾰθον</i>, βλ. κατωτ. Τα [[σύνθετα]] ρήματα ἐκ-[[ληθάνω]], ἐπι-[[λήθω]] λαμβάνουν μτβ. [[σημασία]], κάνω κάποιον να ξεχάσει [[κάτι]], με γεν. πράγμ.· ομοίως στον αναδιπλ. αόρ. βʹ <i>λέλᾰθον</i>, [[ὄφρα]] [[λελάθῃ]] ὀδυνάων, για να τον κάνει να λησμονήσει τους πόνους του, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ. <b>Γ.</b> Μέσ. και Παθ. <i>λανθάνομαι</i>· <i>λήθομαι</i>, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ., Τραγ., Δωρ. λάθομαι [ᾱ], Επικ. παρατ. <i>λανθανόμην</i>, μέλ. [[λήσομαι]], Δωρ. <i>λᾱσεῦμαι</i>, επίσης [[λελήσομαι]], αόρ. <i>ἐλησάμην</i>, επίσης <i>ἐλήσθην</i>, Δωρ. απαρ. [[λασθῆμεν]], αόρ. βʹ <i>ἐλᾰθόμην</i>, Επικ. <i>λαθ-</i>, επίσης Επικ. με αναδιπλ. <i>λελάθοντο</i>, κ.λπ. (βλ. κατωτ.)· — [[λέλησμαι]], Επικ. [[λέλασμαι]], μτχ. <i>λελασμένος</i>, κ.λπ.· πρβλ. [[ἐπιλήθω]]. Μέσ. και Παθ., [[αφήνω]] [[κάτι]] να μου διαφύγει, [[ξεχνώ]], [[λησμονώ]]·<br /><b class="num">1.</b> απόλ. ή με γεν. πράγμ., [[λησμονώ]], σε Όμηρ.· ομοίως στον αναδιπλ. αόρ., οὐδὲ [[σέθεν]] θεοὶ λελάθοντο, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ., κ.λπ.· ομοίως, Παθ. παρακ., [[ἐμεῖο]] λελασμένος, στο ίδ.· <i>κείνου λελῆσθαι</i>, σε Σοφ.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[λησμονώ]] [[επίτηδες]], [[αντιπαρέρχομαι]], <i>ἢ λάθετ' ἢ οὐκ ἐνόησεν</i>, ή είχε κατά νου να προσφέρει [[θυσία]] και το ξέχασε ή δεν σκέφτηκε [[καθόλου]] [[κάτι]] τέτοιο, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">keep somebody unaware, escape notice, be unknown, unnoted; make somebody forget something</b>, midd. <b class="b2">forget, </b> (details on the use of the forms in Schwyzer 699 a. 748).<br />Other forms: [[λήθω]] (<b class="b3">ληθάνω η</b> 221), aor. [[λαθεῖν]], [[λελαθεῖν]], <b class="b3">-έσθαι</b> (<b class="b3">ἐπι-λῆσαι υ</b> 85), fut. [[λήσω]] (Il.), perf. [[λέληθα]] (IA.), midd. [[λέλασμαι]] (Hom.), [[λέλησμαι]] (Att.), late aor. [[λήσασθαι]], [[λησθῆναι]], Dor. Aeol. [[λάθω]], [[λάσω]], [[λᾶσαι]], [[λέλαθα]].<br />Compounds: also with prefix. esp. <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>.<br />Derivatives: A. from [[λαθεῖν]]. <b class="b3">-έσθαι</b>: 1. [[λάθρη]], <b class="b3">-α</b> adv. [[secretly]] (Il.; [[λάθρα]] h. Cer. 240) with [[λαθραῖος]] [[secret]] (IA.). [[λάθριος]] (S. Ichn. 66 [lyr.], hell.), <b class="b3">-ίδιος</b>, <b class="b3">-ιμαῖος</b> (late) <b class="b2">id.</b>; adv. <b class="b3">λαθρά-δαν</b> (Corinn.; like <b class="b3">κρυφά-δαν</b>), <b class="b3">λαθρη-δόν</b>, <b class="b3">-δά</b>, <b class="b3">-δίς</b> (late); as 1. member <b class="b3">λαθρο-</b>, e.g. <b class="b3">λαθρό-νυμφος</b> [[secretly married]] (Lyc.), for the older variant <b class="b3">λαθι-</b>, e. g. <b class="b3">λαθι-κηδής</b> (X 83), prop. "at which the sorrows remain hidden" but also with the verb directly associated: [[making sorrows forgotten]] (s. Schwyzer 447, Bechtel Lex. s. v.); cf. <b class="b3">λαθι-</b> s. C. - 2. [[λαθητικός]] [[who avoids notice]] (Arist.; [[λάθησις]] sch. Gen. A 36); 3. [[λάθος]] n. [[forgetfulness]] (NGr. for <b class="b3">*λῆθος</b>, [[λᾶθος]] s. B.). - B. From [[λήθειν]]: 1. [[λήθη]], Dor. [[λάθα]] [[forgetfulness]] (Β 33; cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 233) with [[ληθαῖος]] [[making forgotten]], [[forgetful]] (Call., Lyc.), also [[ληθήμων]], [[ληθώδης]], [[λήθιος]] (H.). 2. [[λᾶθος]] n. = [[λήθη]] (Theoc.); [[λαθοσύνα]] f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (E. IT 1279, uncertain, cf. Wyss <b class="b3">-συνη</b> 42). 3. [[ληθεδών]], <b class="b3">-όνος</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (AP, APl.) with [[ληθεδανός]] = [[ληθαῖος]] (Luc.); Chantraine Form. 361 f. 4. <b class="b3">ἔκ-λη-σις</b> (ω 485), <b class="b3">ἐπί-λα-σις</b> (Pi. P. 1, 46) [[forgetting]], from <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-λήθειν</b>; besides from the simplex the typologically older <b class="b3">λῆσ-τις</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (S., E.); Schwyzer 504, Chantraine 276, Holt Les noms d'action en <b class="b3">-σις</b> 36 f., Porzig Satzinhalte 196. -- 5. <b class="b3">λήσ-μων</b> [[forgeting]], [[forgetful]] (Them.) with [[λησμοσύνη]] (Hes. Th. 55; after [[μνημοσύνη]]; also S. Ant. 151); <b class="b3">ἐπιλήσ-μων</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Att.) with <b class="b3">ἐπιλησμον-ή</b>, <b class="b3">-μοσύνη</b> (Crat., LXX), <b class="b3">ἐπιλησμον-έω</b>, <b class="b3">λησμον-έω</b> (M.- a. NGr.); details in Georgacas Glotta 36, 167f. (not always correct). - C. As 1.member in verbal governing compp.: 1. <b class="b3">λησί-μβροτος</b> [[taking men unawares]], [[deceiver]] (h. Merc.; Zumbach Neuerungen 24); 2. <b class="b3">λαθί-πονος</b> <b class="b2">forgetting (making forgotten) sorrows</b> (S.; cross with <b class="b3">λαθι-</b>; Schwyzer 444); 3. <b class="b3">λαθ-άνεμος</b> [[escaping the wind]] (Simon.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [651] <b class="b2">*leh₂-</b> [[be unnoticed]], [[hidden]]<br />Etymology: On [[ἀληθής]], [[λήθαργος]] s. vv.; cf. also [[ἄλαστος]]. As basis of the Greek system serves the present [[λήθω]], [[λάθω]]; beside this stands from the beginning the thematic zero grade aorist [[λαθεῖν]] and [[λελαθεῖν]], <b class="b3">-έσθαι</b> with the perf. midd. [[λέλασμαι]] and isolated nominal derivv., esp. the couple <b class="b3">λάθ-ρα</b> : <b class="b3">λαθ-ι-</b> (Schwyzer 447 f.); also the nasalpresent <b class="b3">λα-ν-θ-άνω</b> (beside [[λήθω]] which is in Hom. better attested) is perhaps an innovation (after [[μαθεῖν]]: [[μανθάνω]]?; Kuiper Nasalpräs. 156). -As in [[πύθω]] (:[[πύος]]), [[βρίθω]] (: [[βριαρός]]) also in [[λήθω]] the <b class="b3">-θ-</b> can be isolated as an added (present) element; a dentalless form seems indeed found in <b class="b3">λῃ̃το ἐπελάθετο</b> (beside <b class="b3">λήιτο ἐπε</b><[[λά]]>[[θετο]]) H. (on <b class="b3">-ι-</b> s. below). Thus connection with the synonymous Lat. <b class="b2">la-t-eō</b> [[be hidden]] becomes probable (cf. for the formation the opposite <b class="b2">pat-eō</b>; s. also on [[δατέομαι]]). - Other combinations are because of the meaning either very uncertain or wrong: Toch. A <b class="b2">lä(n)t-</b>, B <b class="b2">lät-</b>, <b class="b2">lant-</b> [[go out]] (Pedersen Tocharisch 173), Slav.: OCS [[lajati]] [[ἐνεδρεύειν]]', Tchech. <b class="b2">lákati</b> [[persecute]] (hard to separate from identical verbs meaning [[ὑλακτεῖν]]' resp. [[desire]]; Germ. nouns as OWNo. [[lōmr]] [[treason]], [[deceit]], OHG [[luog]] [[hole]], [[lair]]. - For an original long diphthong <b class="b2">lāi-</b> are both [[λαίθαργος]] (which is Pre-Greek, s. v.) and <b class="b3">λῃ̃το</b> unreliable evidence; can <b class="b3">λῃ̃το</b> be from <b class="b2">*l̥h₂-to</b>? - On [[Λητώ]] s. v. - Further forms in Pok. 651, W.-Hofmann s. [[lateō]].

|ftr='''λανθάνω''': {lanthánō}<br />'''Forms''': [[λήθω]] ([[ληθάνω]] η 221), Aor. [[λαθεῖν]], λελαθεῖν, -έσθαι (ἐπιλῆσαι υ 85), Fut. [[λήσω]] (alles seit Il.), Perf. [[λέληθα]] (ion. att.), Med. [[λέλασμαι]] (Hom.), [[λέλησμαι]] (att.), sp. Aor. λήσασθαι, λησθῆναι, dor. äol. [[λάθω]], λάσω, λᾶσαι, λέλαθα,<br />'''Grammar''': v.<br />'''Meaning''': ‘jmdn. in Unkenntnis einer Sache halten, der Aufmerksamkeit jmds. entgehen, unbekannt, unbemerkt sein; jmdn. einer Sache vergessen machen’, Med. [[vergessen]], [[uneingedenk sein]] (Einzelheiten über den Gebrauch der Formen bei Schwyzer 699 u. 748).<br />'''Composita''' : auch mit Präfix. bes. ἐπι-,<br />'''Derivative''': Ableitungen. A. Von [[λαθεῖν]]. -έσθαι: 1. [[λάθρη]], -α Adv. [[heimlich]], [[insgeheim]] (seit Il.; [[λάθρα]] ''h''. ''Cer''. 240) mit [[λαθραῖος]] [[geheim]], [[heimlich]] (ion. att.). [[λάθριος]] (S. ''Ichn''. 66 [lyr.], hell.), -ίδιος, -ιμαῖος (sp.) ib.; Adv. [[λαθράδαν]] (Korinn.; wie κρυφάδαν), [[λαθρηδόν]], -δά, -[[δίς]] (sp.); als Vorderglied λαθρο-, z.B. [[λαθρόνυμφος]] [[heimlich verheiratet]] (Lyk.), für die ältere Wechselform λαθι-, z. B. [[λαθικηδής]] (ep. poet seit ''X'' 83), wohl eig. "wobei die Sorgen verborgen (vergessen) bleiben" aber auch mit dem Verb direkt assoziiert: [[die Sorgen vergessen machend]] (s. Schwyzer 447, Bechtel Lex. s. v.); vgl. λαθι- s. C. — 2. [[λαθητικός]] [[sich der Aufmerksamkeit entziehend]] (Arist.; [[λάθησις]] Sch. Gen. ''A'' 36); 3. [[λάθος]] n. [[Vergessenheit]] (sp. u. ngr. für *[[λῆθος]], [[λᾶθος]] s. B.). — B. Von λήθειν: 1. [[λήθη]], dor. [[λάθα]] ‘Vergessenheit, Vergeß-lichkeit’ (seit Β 33; vgl. Porzig Satzinhalte 233) mit [[ληθαῖος]] [[vergessen machend]], [[vergeßlich]] (Kall., Lyk. u. a.), auch [[ληθήμων]], [[ληθώδης]], [[λήθιος]] (H.). 2. [[λᾶθος]] n. = [[λήθη]] (Theok.); [[λαθοσύνα]] f. ib. (E. ''IT'' 1279 [lyr.], nicht sicher, vgl. Wyss -συνη 42). 3. [[ληθεδών]], -όνος f. ib. (''AP'', ''APl''.) mit [[ληθεδανός]] = [[ληθαῖος]] (Luk.); Chantraine Form. 361 f. 4. [[ἔκλησις]] (ω 485), [[ἐπίλασις]] (Pi. ''P''. 1, 46) [[das Vergessen]], von ἐκ-, ἐπιλήθειν; daneben vom Simplex das typologisch ältere [[λῆστις]] ib. (S., E. u. a.); Schwyzer 504, Chantraine 276, Holt Les noms d’action en -σις 36 f., Porzig Satzinhalte 196. — 5. [[λήσμων]] [[vergessend]], [[vergeßlich]] (Them.) mit [[λησμοσύνη]] (Hes. ''Th''. 55; nach [[μνημοσύνη]]; auch S. ''Ant''. 151 [lyr.]); [[ἐπιλήσμων]] ib. (att.) mit [[ἐπιλησμονή]], -μοσύνη (Krat., [[LXX]] usw.), [[ἐπιλησμονέω]] (sp.), λησμονέω (m.- u. ngr.); Einzelheiten bei Georgacas Glotta 36, 167f. (nicht immer zutreffend). — C. Als Vorderglied in verbalen Rektionskompp. : 1. [[λησίμβροτος]] [[die Menschen heimlich beschleichend]], [[Betrüger]] (''h''. ''Merc''.; Zumbach Neuerungen 24); 2. [[λαθίπονος]] [[das Leid vergessend]], [[vergessen machend]] (S. in lyr. u. hex.; Kreuzung mit λαθι-; Schwyzer 444); 3. [[λαθάνεμος]] [[dem Winde entgehend]] (Simon.). — Zu [[ἀληθής]], [[λήθαργος]] s. bes.; vgl. auch [[ἄλαστος]].<br />'''Etymology''' : Als Grundlage des griech. Formsystems dient im ganzen das hochstufige Präsens [[λήθω]], [[λάθω]]; an dessen Seite stehen indessen seit Beginn der Überlieferung die thematischen schwundstufigen Aoriste [[λαθεῖν]] und λελαθεῖν, -έσθαι mit dem Perf. Med. [[λέλασμαι]] und vereinzelten nominalen Ablegern, vor allem. dem Paar [[λάθρα]] : λαθι- (Schwyzer 447 f.); auch das Nasalpräsens λαν-θάνω (neben dem bei Hom. stärker belegten [[λήθω]]) ist vielleicht dazu neugebildet (nach [[μαθεῖν]]: [[μανθάνω]]?; Kuiper Nasalpräs. 156). —Wie in [[πύθω]] (:[[πύος]]), [[βρίθω]] ( : [[βριαρός]] u. a.) kann auch in [[λήθω]] das -θ- als ein hinzugetretenes (präsentisches) Element abgetrennt werden; eine dentallose Form scheint tatsächlich in λῇτο· ἐπελάθετο (neben λήιτο· ἐπε<λά>θετο) H. vorzuliegen (zu -ι- vgl. unten). Dadurch wird Anknüpfung glaubhaft an das synonyme lat. ''lă''-''t''-''eō'' [[verborgen]], [[versteckt sein]] (vgl. zur Bildung das Oppositum ''păt''-''eō''; s. noch zu [[δατέομαι]]). — Übrige Kombinationen sind u. a. wegen der Bed. als sehr unsicher oder verfehlt zu betrachten: toch. A ''lä''(''n'')''t''-, B ''lät''-, ''lant''- [[hinausgehen]] (Pedersen Tocharisch 173), slav.: aksl. ''lajati'' ’ἐνεδρεύειν’, čech. ''lákati'' [[verfolgen]] (von den gleichlautenden Verba im Sinn von ’ὑλακτεῖν’ bzw. [[verlangen]] schwerlich zu trennen); germ. Nomina wie awno. ''lōmr'' [[Verrat]], [[Betrug]], ahd. ''luog'' [[Höhle]], [[Lager]]. — Für einen ursprünglichen Langdiphthong ''lāi''- sind sowohl [[λαίθαργος]] (s. d.) wie λῇτο ganz unzuverlässige Zeugen; bei dem medialen λῇτο erweckt überhaupt die anzunehmende Hochstufe (trotz [[εὖκτο]], στεῦτο) ernste Bedenken. — Zu [[Λητώ]] s. bes. —Weitere Formen m. Lit. bei WP. 2, 377f., Pok. 651, W.-Hofmann s. ''lateō''.<br />'''Page''' 2,80-82