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Aristophanes: Difference between revisions
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|Text=[[ | |Text=[[Ἀριστοφάνης]], gen. Ἀριστοφάνους, ὁ. | ||
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|lshtext=<b>Ăristŏphănes</b>: is, m., = Ἀριστοφάνης.<br /> The [[most]] [[distinguished]] [[comic]] [[poet]] of [[Greece]], from [[Lindus]], on the [[island]] of [[Rhodes]], a [[contemporary]] of [[Socrates]], Hor. S. 1, 4, 1.—Hence,<br /> <b>B</b> Derivv.,<br /> <b>1</b> Ări-stŏphănēus or -īus, a, um, adj., Aristophanean: [[anapaestus]] Aristophanius, Cic. Or. 56, 190: [[metrum]], Serv. Centim. p. 1818 P.—<br /> <b>2</b> Ăristŏphănĭcus, a, um, adj., the [[same]], Hier. ad Isa. l. 15, c. 54, v. 11.—<br /><b>II</b> A [[distinguished]] [[grammarian]] of [[Byzantium]], [[pupil]] of [[Eratosthenes]], and [[teacher]] of the [[critic]] [[Aristarchus]], Cic. de Or. 3, 33, 132; id. Fin. 5, 19, 50; id. Att. 16, 11. | |lshtext=<b>Ăristŏphănes</b>: is, m., = [[Ἀριστοφάνης]].<br /> The [[most]] [[distinguished]] [[comic]] [[poet]] of [[Greece]], from [[Lindus]], on the [[island]] of [[Rhodes]], a [[contemporary]] of [[Socrates]], Hor. S. 1, 4, 1.—Hence,<br /> <b>B</b> Derivv.,<br /> <b>1</b> Ări-stŏphănēus or -īus, a, um, adj., Aristophanean: [[anapaestus]] Aristophanius, Cic. Or. 56, 190: [[metrum]], Serv. Centim. p. 1818 P.—<br /> <b>2</b> Ăristŏphănĭcus, a, um, adj., the [[same]], Hier. ad Isa. l. 15, c. 54, v. 11.—<br /><b>II</b> A [[distinguished]] [[grammarian]] of [[Byzantium]], [[pupil]] of [[Eratosthenes]], and [[teacher]] of the [[critic]] [[Aristarchus]], Cic. de Or. 3, 33, 132; id. Fin. 5, 19, 50; id. Att. 16, 11. | ||
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|gf=<b>Ăristŏphănēs</b>,¹⁵ is, m. (Ἀριστοφάνης), Aristophane<br /><b>1</b> le célèbre poète comique d’Athènes : Cic. Leg. 2, 37 ; Hor. S. 1, 4, 1 || <b>-nēus</b>, a, um, d’Aristophane : Cic. Or. 190, ou <b>-īus</b>, et <b>-ĭcus</b>, a, um, Gramm.<br /><b>2</b> grammairien de Byzance : Cic. de Or. 3, 132 ; Fin. 5, 60, etc.||<b>-nēus</b>, a, um, d’Aristophane : Cic. Or. 190, ou <b>-īus</b>, et <b>-ĭcus</b>, a, um, Gramm.<br /><b>2</b> grammairien de Byzance : Cic. de Or. 3, 132 ; Fin. 5, 60, etc. | |gf=<b>Ăristŏphănēs</b>,¹⁵ is, m. ([[Ἀριστοφάνης]]), [[Aristophane]]<br /><b>1</b> le célèbre poète comique d’Athènes : Cic. Leg. 2, 37 ; Hor. S. 1, 4, 1 || <b>-nēus</b>, a, um, d’Aristophane : Cic. Or. 190, ou <b>-īus</b>, et <b>-ĭcus</b>, a, um, Gramm.<br /><b>2</b> grammairien de Byzance : Cic. de Or. 3, 132 ; Fin. 5, 60, etc.||<b>-nēus</b>, a, um, d’Aristophane : Cic. Or. 190, ou <b>-īus</b>, et <b>-ĭcus</b>, a, um, Gramm.<br /><b>2</b> grammairien de Byzance : Cic. de Or. 3, 132 ; Fin. 5, 60, etc. | ||
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{{Georges | {{Georges | ||
|georg=Aristophanēs, is, Akk. em u. ēn, m. (Ἀριστοφάνης), I) der geistreichste u. witzigste Dichter der alten [[Komödie]], »der ungezogene [[Liebling]] der Grazien«, wahrsch. [[von]] [[Geburt]] [[ein]] Athener, geb 444, gest. 380 v. Chr., Cic. de legg. 2, 37. Hor. [[sat]]. 1, 4, 1. – Dav.: a) Aristophanēus (od. -nīus), a, um, aristophanëisch, [[des]] [[Aristophanes]], [[anapaestus]], Cic.: [[metrum]], Gramm. – b) Aristophanicus, a, um, aristophanisch, Hier. in lesai 15, 54, 11. – II) [[ein]] berühmter [[Grammatiker]] aus Byzanz, [[Schüler]] [[des]] [[Eratosthenes]], [[Lehrer]] [[des]] Kritikers [[Aristarchus]], Cic. de or. 3, 132. – III) [[Aristophanes]] Mallotes, [[ein]] [[Schriftsteller]] [[über]] Landwirtschaft, Varr. r. r. 1, 1, 8. | |georg=Aristophanēs, is, Akk. em u. ēn, m. ([[Ἀριστοφάνης]]), I) der geistreichste u. witzigste Dichter der alten [[Komödie]], »der ungezogene [[Liebling]] der Grazien«, wahrsch. [[von]] [[Geburt]] [[ein]] Athener, geb 444, gest. 380 v. Chr., Cic. de legg. 2, 37. Hor. [[sat]]. 1, 4, 1. – Dav.: a) Aristophanēus (od. -nīus), a, um, aristophanëisch, [[des]] [[Aristophanes]], [[anapaestus]], Cic.: [[metrum]], Gramm. – b) Aristophanicus, a, um, aristophanisch, Hier. in lesai 15, 54, 11. – II) [[ein]] berühmter [[Grammatiker]] aus Byzanz, [[Schüler]] [[des]] [[Eratosthenes]], [[Lehrer]] [[des]] Kritikers [[Aristarchus]], Cic. de or. 3, 132. – III) [[Aristophanes]] Mallotes, [[ein]] [[Schriftsteller]] [[über]] Landwirtschaft, Varr. r. r. 1, 1, 8. | ||
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|wketx=[[File:Aristofanes.jpg|thumb|Aristofanes|alt=Aristofanes.jpg]] | |||
Aristophanes (/ˌærɪˈstɒfəniːz/; Ancient Greek: [[Ἀριστοφάνης]], pronounced; c. 446 – c. 386 BC), son of Philippus, of the deme Kydathenaion (Latin: Cydathenaeum), was a comic playwright of ancient Athens and a poet of Old Attic Comedy. Eleven of his forty plays survive virtually complete. These provide the most valuable examples of a genre of comic drama known as Old Comedy and are used to define it, along with fragments from dozens of lost plays by Aristophanes and his contemporaries. | |||
Also known as "The Father of Comedy" and "the Prince of Ancient Comedy", Aristophanes has been said to recreate the life of ancient Athens more convincingly than any other author. His powers of ridicule were feared and acknowledged by influential contemporaries; Plato singled out Aristophanes' play The Clouds as slander that contributed to the trial and subsequent condemning to death of Socrates, although other satirical playwrights had also caricatured the philosopher. | |||
Aristophanes' second play, The Babylonians (now lost), was denounced by Cleon as a slander against the Athenian polis. It is possible that the case was argued in court, but details of the trial are not recorded and Aristophanes caricatured Cleon mercilessly in his subsequent plays, especially The Knights, the first of many plays that he directed himself. "In my opinion," he says through that play's Chorus, "the author-director of comedies has the hardest job of all." | |||
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===Surviving plays=== | |||
Most of these are traditionally referred to by abbreviations of their ''Latin'' titles; Latin remains a customary language of scholarship in classical studies. | |||
* ''[[The Acharnians]]'' ([[Ἀχαρνεῖς]] ''Akharneis''; Attic [[Ἀχαρνῆς]]; ''[[Acharnenses]])'' 425 BC | |||
* ''[[The Knights]]'' ([[Ἱππεῖς]] ''Hippeis''; Attic [[Ἱππῆς]]; Latin: ''[[Equites]]'') 424 BC | |||
* ''[[The Clouds]]'' ([[Νεφέλαι]] ''Nephelai''; Latin: ''[[Nubes]]''); original 423 BC, uncompleted revised version from 419 BC – 416 BC survives | |||
* ''[[The Wasps]]'' ([[Σφῆκες]] ''Sphekes''; Latin: ''[[Vespae]]'') 422 BC | |||
* ''[[Peace]]'' ([[Εἰρήνη]] ''Eirene''; Latin: ''[[Pax]]'') first version, 421 BC | |||
* ''[[The Birds]]'' ([[Ὄρνιθες]] ''Ornithes''; Latin: ''[[Aves]]'') 414 BC | |||
* ''[[Lysistrata]]'' ([[Λυσιστράτη]] ''Lysistrate'') 411 BC | |||
* ''[[Thesmophoriazusae]]'' or ''The Women Celebrating the Thesmophoria'' ([[Θεσμοφοριάζουσαι]] ''Thesmophoriazousai'') first version c.411 BC | |||
* ''[[The Frogs]]'' ([[Βάτραχοι]] ''Batrakhoi''; Latin: ''[[Ranae]]'') 405 BC | |||
* ''[[Ecclesiazusae]]'' or ''The Assemblywomen''; ([[Ἐκκλησιάζουσαι]] ''Ekklesiazousai'') c.392 BC | |||
* ''[[Plutus]]'' ([[Πλοῦτος]], "Wealth", ''Ploutos''; Latin ''[[Plutus]]'') second version, 388 BC | |||
{{trml | |||
|trtx=af: Aristofanes; als: Aristophanes; an: Aristófanes; ar: أريستوفان; ast: Aristófanes; az: Aristofan; ba: Аристофан; be_x_old: Арыстафан; be: Арыстафан; bg: Аристофан; br: Aristofanes; bs: Aristofan; ca: Aristòfanes; cs: Aristofanés; cy: Aristoffanes; da: Aristofanes; de: Aristophanes; diq: Aristophanes; el: Αριστοφάνης; en: Aristophanes; eo: Aristofano; es: Aristófanes; et: Aristophanes; eu: Aristofanes; fa: آریستوفان; fiu_vro: Aristophanes; fi: Aristofanes; fr: Aristophane; fy: Aristofanes; gl: Aristófanes; he: אריסטופאנס; hi: अरिस्तोफनेस; hr: Aristofan; hu: Arisztophanész; hy: Արիստոփանես; ia: Aristophanes; id: Aristofanes; io: Aristophanes; is: Aristófanes; it: Aristofane; ja: アリストパネス; ka: არისტოფანე; kk: Аристофан; kn: ಅರಿಸ್ಟೋಫೆನೀಸ್; ko: 아리스토파네스; ku: Arîstofanes; ky: Аристофан; la: Aristophanes; lfn: Aristofane; li: Aristophanes; lt: Aristofanas; lv: Aristofans; mg: Aristophanes; mk: Аристофан; ml: അരിസ്റ്റോഫനീസ്; mwl: Aristófanes; my: အယ်ရစ္စတော့ဖနီး; new: एरिस्टोफेन्स्; nl: Aristophanes; nn: Aristofanes; no: Aristofanes; oc: Aristofanes; pa: ਅਰਿਸਤੋਫਾਨੇਸ; pl: Arystofanes; pnb: ارسٹوفینز; pt: Aristófanes; ro: Aristofan; ru: Аристофан; sco: Aristophanes; sh: Aristofan; simple: Aristophanes; sk: Aristofanes; sl: Aristofan; sq: Aristofani; sr: Аристофан; sv: Aristofanes; ta: அரிஸ்டாஃபனீஸ்; th: อริสโตฟานเนส; tl: Aristophanes; tr: Aristofanes; uk: Арістофан; ur: ارسطوفینں; uz: Aristofan; vi: Aristophanes; war: Aristophanes; wuu: 阿里斯托芬; zh_min_nan: Aristophanes; zh_yue: 阿里斯托芬; zh: 阿里斯托芬 | |||
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