obscurus: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>obscūrus</b>: a, um, adj. Sanscr. sku, to [[cover]], [[akin]] to Gr. [[σκευή]], [[σκῦτος]], [[κύτος]]; cf.: [[scutum]], [[cutis]],<br /><b>I</b> [[dark]], darksome, [[dusky]], [[shady]], [[obscure]] ([[class]].).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: [[unde]] (Acherunte) animae excitantur obscurā umbrā, in [[dark]], [[shadowy]] forms, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37; so, [[umbra]], Verg. A. 6, 453: [[donec]] in obscurum coni conduxit [[acumen]], the [[obscure]] [[point]] of the cone, Lucr. 4, 431: [[lucus]], Verg. A. 9, 87: [[antrum]], Ov. M. 4, 100: convalles, Verg. A. 6, 139: tabernae, Hor. A. P. 229; cf. Liv. 10, 1, 5: aliae res obnoxiosae nocte in obscurā [[latent]], Enn. ap. Gell. 7, 16 (17), 10 (Trag. v. 341 Vahl.): nox, Verg. A. 2, 420; cf.: per occasum solis, jam obscurā [[luce]], Liv. 24, 21: [[caelum]], Hor. C. 1, 7, 15: [[nimbus]], Verg. A. 12, 416: [[nubes]], id. G. 4, 60: [[ferrugo]], i. e. [[black]], id. ib. 1, 467: dentes, Juv. 6, 145.—Poet.: [[funda]], [[dark]], i. e. [[invisible]], Val. Fl. 6, 193; cf. [[mamma]], i. e. [[hidden]], [[covered]], id. 3, 52, 6: aquae, i. e. [[turbid]], Ov. F. 4, 758.—Subst.: obscūrum, i, n., [[dim]] [[light]], [[twilight]]: in [[obscuro]], advesperascente [[die]], Vulg. Prov. 7, 9; [[but]] [[commonly]] the [[dark]], [[darkness]], [[obscurity]]: sub obscurum noctis, Verg. G. 1, 478: [[lumen]], i. e. [[darkness]] [[visible]], Sall. J. 21, 2.—obscū-rum, adverb.: obscurum [[nimbosus]] dissidet aër, Luc. 5, 631.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Transf., to the [[person]] [[who]] is in the [[dark]], darkling, [[unseen]]: ibant obscuri solā sub nocte per umbram, Verg. A. 6, 268: [[obscurus]] in ulvā Delitui, id. ib. 2, 135.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen., [[dark]], [[obscure]], [[indistinct]], [[unintelligible]]: [[Heraclitus]] ... [[Clarus]] ob obscuram linguam, Lucr. 1, 639: [[valde]] [[Heraclitus]] [[obscurus]] (cf. the Gr. [[appellation]] of [[Heraclitus]], ὁ [[σκοτεινός]]), Cic. Div. 2, 64, 133: [[quid]]? poëta [[nemo]], [[nemo]] [[physicus]] [[obscurus]]? id. ib.: obscurā de re tam lucida [[pango]] carmina, Lucr. 1, 933; 4, 8: [[brevis]] esse [[laboro]], Obscurus fio, Hor. A. P. 25: reperta Graiorum, Lucr. 1, 136: obscurum et ignotum jus, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 177: [[cur]] hoc tam est obscurum [[atque]] caecum? id. Agr. 2, 14, 35: [[nolo]] plebem Romanam obscurā spe et caecā expectatione haerere, [[uncertain]], id. ib. 2, 25, 66.—Comp., Quint. 11, 3, 60.—Sup.: videre res obscurissimas, Cic. de Or. 2, 36, 153.—Subst.: causae in [[obscuro]] positae, Cels. 1 praef.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In partic., rhet. t. t.: obscurum [[genus]] causae, [[obscure]], i. e. [[intricate]], [[involved]], Gr. δυσπαρακολούθητον, Cic. Inv. 1, 15, 20: (causae privatae) sunt [[multo]] [[saepe]] obscuriores, id. de Or. 2, 24, 100.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Not [[known]], [[unknown]], not recognized: [[forma]], Ov. M. 3, 475: P Ilas, i. e. disguised, under [[another]] form, id. ib. 6, 36.—Esp. of [[rank]] and [[station]], [[obscure]], [[ignoble]], [[mean]], [[low]]: non est obscura tua in me [[benevolentia]], Cic. Fam. 13, 70: Caesaris in barbaris erat [[nomen]] obscurius, * Caes. B. C. 1, 61: [[Pompeius]] humili [[atque]] [[obscuro]] [[loco]] [[natus]], of an [[obscure]], [[ignoble]] [[family]], Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 70, § 181: obscuris orti majoribus, from [[obscure]] ancestors, id. Off. 1, 32, 116: [[clarus]] an [[obscurus]], Quint. 5, 10, 26; cf.: si [[nobilis]] obscurum se vocet, id. 11, 1, 21; 2, 3, 9: non [[obscurus]] [[professor]] et [[auctor]], id. 2, 15, 36: [[natus]] [[haud]] [[obscuro]] [[loco]], Sall. C. 23, 1.— Neutr. absol.: in [[obscuro]] vitam habere, Sall. C. 51, 12: vitam per obscurum transmittere, in [[obscurity]], Sen. Ep. 19, 3: [[saepe]] [[mandatum]] [[initio]] litis in [[obscuro]] est, kept [[back]], Gai. Inst. 4, 84.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> Of [[character]], [[close]], [[secret]], [[reserved]]: [[obscurus]] et [[astutus]] [[homo]], Cic. Off. 3, 13, 5 (for [[which]]: [[sin]] me astutum et occultum [[lubet]] fingere, id. Fam. 3, 10, 8): [[plerumque]] [[modestus]] Occupat obscuri speciem, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 94: Tiberium obscurum [[adversus]] alios, sibi uni incautum intectumque efficeret, Tac. A. 4, 1: obscurum [[odium]], Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 6.—Comp.: [[natura]] obscurior, Tac. Agr. 42.—Adv.: ob-scūrē, [[darkly]], [[obscurely]] ([[class]].).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Lit.: aut [[nihil]] superum aut [[obscure]] [[admodum]] cernimus, [[very]] [[darkly]], Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 474, 28.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Trop.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of [[speech]], [[darkly]], [[obscurely]], [[indistinctly]]: dicta, Quint. 3, 4, 3; 4, 1, 79.—Comp.: quae [[causa]] dicta obscurius est, Quint. 8, 2, 24.—Sup.: obscurissime particulā uti, Cell. 17, 13, 5: non obscurissime dicere (opp. planissime), id. 11, 16, 9.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of [[birth]], [[obscurely]], [[ignobly]], [[meanly]] (perh. [[only]] [[post]]-[[class]].): [[obscure]] [[natus]], Macr. S. 7, 3: obscurissime [[natus]], Amm. 29, 1, 5.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Covertly, [[closely]], [[secretly]]: [[malum]] [[obscure]] [[serpens]], Cic. Cat. 4, 3, 6: [[tacite]] obscureque perire, id. Quint. 15, 50: non [[obscure]] ferre aliquid, id. Clu. 19, 54; cf. id. Par. 6, 1, 45; Hirt. B. G. 8, 54.—Comp.: ceteri sunt obscurius iniqui, [[more]] [[secretly]], Cic. Fam. 1, 5, b, 2.—Sup.: avertere aliquid de [[publico]] [[quam]] obscurissime, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 24, § 53.

{{Georges

|georg=obscūrus, a, um (altind. skunāti, ›bedeckt‹, griech. [[σκυλόω]] ›verhülle‹, ahd. skūr, [[Wetterdach]]), [[dunkel]], [[ohne]] [[Licht]], [[schattig]], I) eig.: [[cubiculum]] (Ggstz. [[lucidum]]), Sen. u. Suet.: [[caelum]], Hor.: [[lucus]], Verg.: [[umbra]], [[nubes]], [[nox]], Verg.: [[iam]] obscurā [[luce]], da es [[schon]] [[dunkel]] war (Ggstz. [[luce]] clarā), Liv.: [[sub]] [[obscuro]] [[mane]], Colum.: aquae, [[trübe]], Ov.: poet., ibant obscuri, im Dunkeln, Verg. Aen. 6, 268. – subst., obscūrum, ī, n., das [[Dunkel]], die [[Dunkelheit]], noctis, Verg.: in [[obscuro]] contineri (v. Vögeln), Sen.: adv., [[obscurum]] dissilit aër, Lucan. 5, 631. – II) übtr.: 1) [[dunkel]], a) dem [[Laute]] [[nach]] [[undeutlich]], [[dumpf]], [[vox]], Quint.: [[cantus]] obscurior, verhaltener, Cic. u. Quint. – b) dem Verständnisse [[nach]] [[dunkel]] = [[unverständlich]], [[undeutlich]], [[unklar]], [[ungewiß]], [[unsicher]] (Ggstz. [[perspicuus]]), [[res]], Cic.: oracula, Cic.: [[Heraclitus]] [[valde]] [[obscurus]], Cic.: utilitatis [[ratio]] [[aut]] perspicua [[nobis]] [[aut]] obscura, [[auf]] einem dunklen Gefühle beruhend, Cic.: [[cur]] [[hoc]] [[tam]] [[obscurum]] est et caecum? Cic.: [[scientia]] obscurior, Cic.: [[res]] obscurissimae, Cic.: [[mit]] Infinit., [[Heraclitus]] [[obscurus]] involvere [[omnia]], [[Fronto]] ep. ad Ver. 1, 1. p. 114, 13 N. – [[non]] [[obscurum]] est, es erhellt, ist [[offenbar]], liegt [[auf]] der [[Hand]], m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, [[non]] erat [[obscurum]], [[quid]] [[homo]] [[improbus]] ac [[nefarius]] cogitaret, Cic. Verr. 2, 91: [[tamen]], [[utrum]] sciant pingere, an nesciant, [[non]] [[obscurum]] est, Cic. de or. 1, 73: m. folg. guin u. Konj., [[neque]] est [[obscurum]], [[quin]] in contrariis contraria sumenda sint, Cic. part. or. § 51. – subst., obscūrum, ī, n., das [[Dunkel]], si in tanta scriptorum [[turba]] mea [[fama]] in [[obscuro]] est, Liv. praef. § 3: [[non]] in [[obscuro]] haberi, [[nicht]] [[für]] [[ungewiß]] [[gelten]], Tac.: [[veritas]] in [[obscuro]] latēre [[adhuc]] existimatur, Lact. 3, 1, 1: si [[potes]] id [[quoque]] docere, [[quod]] in [[obscuro]] est, an didiceris, Plin. ep. 8, 14, 11. – c) der [[Geltung]] [[nach]] [[dunkel]] = [[unbekannt]], [[unberühmt]], [[niedrig]] dem Stande [[nach]] (Ggstz. [[clarus]]), [[nomen]], Caes.: [[non]] [[obscurus]] fuit, war [[nicht]] [[ohne]] [[Ruhm]], Cic.: [[obscuro]] [[loco]] [[natus]], [[von]] unbekannter, niedriger [[Herkunft]], Cic. u. Liv.: obscuris orti maioribus, Cic.: [[natus]] obscurissimis initiis, Vell. 2, 76, 4: loci obscuri (Ggstz. rerum gestarum vestigiis nobilitati), Cic.: Ggstz., hominibus litteratis et historicis est notior, [[populo]] et suffragatoribus obscurior ([[minder]] [[bekannt]]), Cic. Mur. 16. – 2) [[trübe]], [[unsicher]], [[nolo]] plebem Romanam obscurā spe et caecā exspectatione haerere, Cic. de [[lege]] agr. 2, 66. – 3) [[versteckt]], [[verborgen]], [[unsichtbar]], [[locus]], Liv.: tabernae, Winkelkneipen, Hor.: [[funda]], Val. Flacc.: vitam transmittere per [[obscurum]], [[insgeheim]], im [[stillen]], Sen.: obscura [[Pallas]], [[versteckt]] ([[unter]] der [[Gestalt]] der Alten), Ov.: [[mamma]], [[mäßig]] erhoben, Val. Flacc. – 4) dem [[Charakter]] [[nach]] [[versteckt]], [[heimlich]], [[zurückhaltend]] (Ggstz. [[apertus]]), [[homo]], Cic.: obscurior [[natura]] ([[Naturell]]), Tac.: [[odium]] ([[Groll]]), Cic.: simultates, Cic.: [[obscurus]] [[adversus]] alios, Tac. ann. 4, 1.

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