οἴαξ: Difference between revisions

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 |Transliteration C=oiaks
 |Beta Code=oi)/ac
-|Definition=ᾱκος, Ion. οἴηξ, ηκος, ὁ, prop. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[handle of rudder]], [[tiller]] (<span class="bibl">Poll.1.89</span>), <b class="b3">πηδαλίων οἴακος ἀφέμενος</b> (cf. [[πηδάλιον]]) <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>272e</span>: generally, [[helm]], οἴακος εὐθυντῆρος ὑστάτου νεώς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>717</span>; στρέφειν οἴακα <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Hel.</span>1591</span>: pl., <b class="b3">οἰάκων φύλαξ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1578</span>; οἴακες εὐπρύμνου νεώς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">IT</span>1357</span>; τὸν οἴακα εἴσω ἄγειν ἢ ἔξω Pl.<span class="title">Alc.</span>1.117c. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., [[helm of government]], ἐν πρύμνῃ πόλεως οἴ. νωμῶν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>3</span>; πραπίδων οἴ. νέμων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>802</span> (anap.); χαλινῶν ἔργον οἰάκων θ' ἅμα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>869</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span> 795</span>; τὸν οἴ. στρέφει δαίμων ἑκάστῳ <span class="bibl">Anaxandr.4</span>; τύχης οἴ. <span class="title">IG</span>7.3226.5 (Orchom. Boeot.); = [[ὡροσκόπος]], Paul.Al.<span class="title">L.</span>2. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> in <span class="bibl">Il.24.269</span>, [[οἴηκες]] are prob. [[rings of the yoke]], through which pass the reins for guiding the mules, cf. [[ἕστωρ]].</span>
+|Definition=-ᾱκος, Ion. [[οἴηξ]], ηκος, ὁ, prop.<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[handle of rudder]], [[tiller]] (Poll.1.89), <b class="b3">πηδαλίων οἴακος ἀφέμενος</b> (cf. [[πηδάλιον]]) [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Politicus|Plt.]]'' 272e: generally, [[helm]], οἴακος εὐθυντῆρος ὑστάτου νεώς A.''Supp.''717; στρέφειν οἴακα E. ''Hel.''1591: pl., <b class="b3">οἰάκων φύλαξ</b> ib.1578; οἴακες εὐπρύμνου νεώς Id.''IT''1357; τὸν οἴακα εἴσω ἄγειν ἢ ἔξω Pl.''Alc.''1.117c.<br><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., [[helm of government]], ἐν πρύμνῃ πόλεως οἴ. νωμῶν A.''Th.''3; πραπίδων οἴ. νέμων Id.''Ag.''802 (anap.); χαλινῶν ἔργον οἰάκων θ' ἅμα [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Fragments|Fr.]]''869, cf. [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Orestes|Or.]]'' 795; τὸν οἴ. στρέφει δαίμων ἑκάστῳ Anaxandr.4; τύχης οἴ. ''IG''7.3226.5 (Orchom. Boeot.); = [[ὡροσκόπος]], Paul.Al.''L.''2.<br><span class="bld">II</span> in Il.24.269, [[οἴηκες]] are prob. [[rings of the yoke]], through which pass the reins for guiding the mules, cf. [[ἕστωρ]].
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 {{bailly
-|btext=οἴακος (ὁ) :<br /><b>1</b> barre <i>ou</i> timon de gouvernail, <i>p. ext.</i> gouvernail;<br /><b>2</b> [[οἱ]] οἴακες anneaux du joug où passent les rênes.<br />'''Étymologie:''' *[[οἴω]] ; cf. [[οἴσω]].
+|btext=οἴακος (ὁ) :<br /><b>1</b> [[barre]] <i>ou</i> timon de gouvernail, <i>p. ext.</i> gouvernail;<br /><b>2</b> οἱ οἴακες anneaux du joug où passent les rênes.<br />'''Étymologie:''' *[[οἴω]] ; cf. [[οἴσω]].
+}}
+{{pape
+|ptext=ᾱκος, ὁ, ion. [[οἴηξ]], ηκος, eigtl. <i>der [[Griff]] des Steuerruders</i>, πηδαλίων, Plat. <i>Polit</i>. 272e, [[sodann]] <i>das [[ganze]] [[Steuerruder]]</i>; οἴακος εὐθυντῆρος ὑστάτου [[νεώς]], Aesch. <i>Suppl</i>. 698, und übertragen, bes. von Regierern des Staates, ἐν πρύμνῃ πόλεως οἴακα νωμῶν, <i>Spt</i>. 3, auch εὖ πραπίδων οἴακα νέμων, <i>Ag</i>. 776; στρέφ' οἴακα, Eur. <i>Hel</i>. 1607; οἴακας ἐξῃροῦμεν [[νεώς]], <i>I.T</i>. 1357; und in [[Prosa]], ἄγειν τὸν οἴακα [[εἴσω]] ἢ [[ἔξω]], Plat. <i>Alc.I</i>, 117e, Sp., wie Polyaen. 3.11.4; Plut. – Aber <i>Il</i>. 24.269, ζυγὸν ἡμιόνειον εὖ οἰήκεσσιν ἀρηρός, sind <i>[[Ringe]] am Joch, κρίκοι [[gemeint]], durch [[welche]] die [[Leinen]] [[gehen]], mit [[denen]] die [[Zugtiere]] [[gelenkt]] [[werden]]</i>.
 }}
 {{elru
-|elrutext='''οἴαξ:''' ᾱκος, ион. [[οἴηξ]], ηκος ὁ<br /><b class="num">1)</b> [[рукоять кормового весла]] (ὄ. πεδαλίων Plat.);<br /><b class="num">2)</b> [[кормовое весло]], [[руль]] ([[νεώς]] Aesch.); перен. кормило (πόλεως Plat.): ἄγειν τὸν οἴακα [[εἴσω]] ἢ [[ἔξω]] Plat. поворачивать кормовое весло к себе или от себя;<br /><b class="num">3)</b> [[яремное кольцо]] (для продевания вожжей): ζυγὸν οἰήκεσσιν ἀρηρός Hom. снабженное кольцами ярмо.
+|elrutext='''οἴαξ:''' ᾱκος, ион. [[οἴηξ]], ηκος ὁ<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[рукоять кормового весла]] (ὄ. πεδαλίων Plat.);<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[кормовое весло]], [[руль]] ([[νεώς]] Aesch.); перен. кормило (πόλεως Plat.): ἄγειν τὸν οἴακα [[εἴσω]] ἢ [[ἔξω]] Plat. поворачивать кормовое весло к себе или от себя;<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[яремное кольцо]] (для продевания вожжей): ζυγὸν οἰήκεσσιν ἀρηρός Hom. снабженное кольцами ярмо.
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 {{etym
-|etymtx=[[ακος]]<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">handle (bar) of the rudder, rudder</b> (trag., Pl.), [[οἴηκες]] pl. name of a apparatus on the yoke ('handle'?, [[eyes]]?; Ω 269).<br />Other forms: ion. <b class="b3">-ηξ</b>, <b class="b3">-ηκος</b>.<br />Compounds: As 1. member e.g. in <b class="b3">οἰακο-νόμος</b> m. [[steersman]] (A. in lyr.; cf. Sommer Nominalkomp. 166), as 2. member in <b class="b3">κερ-οίακες</b> (from <b class="b3">κερα(ι)-οίακες</b>) pl. [[rigging of the yardarm]]? (Luc. Nav. 4).<br />Derivatives: Dimin. [[οἰάκιον]] (Eust.); adv. <b class="b3">οἰακ-ηδόν</b> [[after the mannar of an οἴαξ]] (A.D.); denom. <b class="b3">οἰακ-ίζω</b> (<b class="b3">-η-</b>) [[to pilot]], [[to steer]] (ion. att.) with <b class="b3">-ισμα</b> [[steering]] (Trag. Adesp.), <b class="b3">-ιστής</b> (Suid.); <b class="b3">οἰάκ-ωσις</b> [[steering]] (Aq.), from <b class="b3">*οἰακ-όω</b> or directly from noun (cf. Chantraine Form. 279). -- Besides [[οἰήϊον]] n. [[rudder]] (Hom.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [to be added] ([[ois-ak-]], [[h₃eis-]] <b class="b2">bar?</b><br />Etymology: Instrument-name formed like [[πόρπᾶξ]], [[τρόπηξ]], resp. [[λαισήϊον]], [[ἐργαλήϊον]] a.o. (Chantraine 381 a. 60 f.). The basis of the Greek words was an old noun with unknown stem; an [[ā-]]stem <b class="b2">*oisā-</b> is possible, nut not necessary. The noun seems preserved as Balt. LW [loanword] in Finnougr., e.g. Finn. [[aisa]] <b class="b2">bar of the forked pole (thill)</b> from Balt. <b class="b2">*aisō</b> or <b class="b2">*aisa-</b> (IE <b class="b2">*oisā-</b>, <b class="b2">*oiso-</b>). The Balt. word is again based on a Slav. [[s-]]stem, e.g. Sloven. [[ojê]], [[ojês-a]] <b class="b2">(carriage) pole</b> (further Slav. forms in Vasmer s.<b class="b2">vojé</b>), IE. <b class="b2">*oio</b> / [[es-]] n. Besides with zero grade, also lengthened, Skt. <b class="b2">īṣ-ā́</b> f. [[pole]], from which as LW [loanword] Hitt. [[hišša-]]'pole' (s. Kronasser Etymologie 144 against Kammenhuber; borrowing is also denied by Benveniste Hitt. et i.-eur. 13f.). Further combinations, for Greek unimportant, in WP. 1, 167 and Pok. 298 (after Lidén Stud. 60ff., Specht Ursprung 101). -- To be rejected Dumézil BSL 39, 192f. On the meaning of [[οἴαξ]] Meringer WuS 5, 89 ff, Hermann Gött. Nachr. 1943, 7 f.; the connection with a ship is a Greek innovation, cf. on [[ἱστός]]. -- Ngr. [[δοιάκι]] (Schwyzer KZ 63, 62). - The suffix <b class="b3">-ακ-</b> rather suggests a Pre-Greek word (which the language may have adapted to nautical use).
+|etymtx=[[ακος]]<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[handle (bar) of the rudder]], [[rudder]] (trag., Pl.), [[οἴηκες]] pl. name of a apparatus on the yoke ('handle'?, [[eyes]]?; Ω 269).<br />Other forms: ion. <b class="b3">-ηξ</b>, <b class="b3">-ηκος</b>.<br />Compounds: As 1. member e.g. in <b class="b3">οἰακο-νόμος</b> m. [[steersman]] (A. in lyr.; cf. Sommer Nominalkomp. 166), as 2. member in <b class="b3">κερ-οίακες</b> (from <b class="b3">κερα(ι)-οίακες</b>) pl. [[rigging of the yardarm]]? (Luc. Nav. 4).<br />Derivatives: Dimin. [[οἰάκιον]] (Eust.); adv. <b class="b3">οἰακ-ηδόν</b> [[after the mannar of an οἴαξ]] (A.D.); denom. <b class="b3">οἰακ-ίζω</b> (<b class="b3">-η-</b>) [[to pilot]], [[to steer]] (ion. att.) with <b class="b3">-ισμα</b> [[steering]] (Trag. Adesp.), <b class="b3">-ιστής</b> (Suid.); <b class="b3">οἰάκ-ωσις</b> [[steering]] (Aq.), from <b class="b3">*οἰακ-όω</b> or directly from noun (cf. Chantraine Form. 279). -- Besides [[οἰήϊον]] n. [[rudder]] (Hom.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [to be added] ([[ois-ak-]], [[h₃eis-]] <b class="b2">bar?</b><br />Etymology: Instrument-name formed like [[πόρπᾶξ]], [[τρόπηξ]], resp. [[λαισήϊον]], [[ἐργαλήϊον]] a.o. (Chantraine 381 a. 60 f.). The basis of the Greek words was an old noun with unknown stem; an [[ā-]]stem <b class="b2">*oisā-</b> is possible, nut not necessary. The noun seems preserved as Balt. LW [loanword] in Finnougr., e.g. Finn. [[aisa]] <b class="b2">bar of the forked pole (thill)</b> from Balt. <b class="b2">*aisō</b> or <b class="b2">*aisa-</b> (IE <b class="b2">*oisā-</b>, <b class="b2">*oiso-</b>). The Balt. word is again based on a Slav. [[s-]]stem, e.g. Sloven. [[ojê]], [[ojês-a]] <b class="b2">(carriage) pole</b> (further Slav. forms in Vasmer s.<b class="b2">vojé</b>), IE. <b class="b2">*oio</b> / [[es-]] n. Besides with zero grade, also lengthened, Skt. <b class="b2">īṣ-ā́</b> f. [[pole]], from which as LW [loanword] Hitt. [[hišša-]]'pole' (s. Kronasser Etymologie 144 against Kammenhuber; borrowing is also denied by Benveniste Hitt. et i.-eur. 13f.). Further combinations, for Greek unimportant, in WP. 1, 167 and Pok. 298 (after Lidén Stud. 60ff., Specht Ursprung 101). -- To be rejected Dumézil BSL 39, 192f. On the meaning of [[οἴαξ]] Meringer WuS 5, 89 ff, Hermann Gött. Nachr. 1943, 7 f.; the connection with a ship is a Greek innovation, cf. on [[ἱστός]]. -- Ngr. [[δοιάκι]] (Schwyzer KZ 63, 62). - The suffix <b class="b3">-ακ-</b> rather suggests a Pre-Greek word (which the language may have adapted to nautical use).
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