ἄναξ: Difference between revisions

ἄναξ (view source)

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 |Transliteration C=anaks
 |Beta Code=a)/nac
-|Definition=[ᾰ], ἄνακτος (cf. [[Ἄνακες]]), ὁ, rarely fem. <b class="b3">ὦ ἄνα</b> for [[ἄνασσα]], Pi.''P.''12.4, cf. A.''Fr.''342:<br><span class="bld">A</span> ([[ϝάναξ]] ''IG''4.236 (Corinth), etc., cf. [[ϝάνακες]] 4.564 (Argos)):—[[lord]], [[master]], [[king]]<br><span class="bld">1</span> of the gods, esp. Apollo, ἄγουσι δὲ δῶρα Ἄνακτι Il.1.390, al.; ὁ [[Πύθιος]] ἄναξ A.''Ag.''509; <b class="b3">ἄναξ Ἄπολλον</b> ib.513, ''Eu.''85, etc.; ὦναξ Ἄπ. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''80; [[ὦναξ]] without [[Ἄπολλον]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.159, 4.150, al.; of [[Zeus]], Hom. only in voc., Ζεῦ ἄνα Il.3.351, 16.233; Ζεὺς ἄναξ [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''762; ἄναξ ἀνάκτων.. Ζεῦ Id.''Supp.''524; μὰ τὸν Δία τὸν Ἄνακτα D.35.40; [[Poseidon]], A.''Th.''130; <b class="b3">ὦ δέσποτ' ἄναξ</b>, of [[Ἀήρ]], Ar.''Nu.''264; of [[Apollo]] [[Ἀγυιεύς]], Id.''V.''875; <b class="b3">ὦναξ δέσποτα</b>, of [[Πλοῦτος]], Id.''Pl.''748; especially of the Dioscuri, cf. <b class="b3">Ἄνακες, Ἄνακοι</b>; of all the gods, πάντων ἀνάκτων.. κοινοβωμίαν A.''Supp.'' 222, cf. Pi.''O.'' 10(11).49.—The irreg. voc. [[ἄνα]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]) is never addressed save to gods; [[ὦναξ]] is freq. in Trag. and Com.<br><span class="bld">II</span> of the Homeric heroes, especially of [[Agamemnon]], as [[general-in-chief]], [[leader]] of men [[ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν]] [[Ἀγαμέμνων]] Il.1.442, al. (so [[Euphetes]] 15.532, while [[Ortilochos]] is called πολέεσσ' ἄνδρεσσιν ἄνακτα 5.546):—also as a title of [[rank]], e.g. of [[Teiresias]], Od.11.144, 151, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''284; of the [[sons of kings]] or [[brothers of kings]] (υἱεῖς τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ καλοῦνται ἄνακτες Arist.''Fr.''526, cf. Isoc.9.72, Clearch. 25, and so of [[Creon]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''85, cf. 911), and especially of kings, as [[Xerxes]], [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''5, Darius, ib.787, cf. ''Ag.''42, E.''Ph.''17, ''Or.''349, etc.; <b class="b3">βασιλῆι ἄνακτι</b> [[lord]] [[king]], Od.20.194; of the [[emperor]]s, θεοὶ ἄνακτες ''IG''14.2012A2, 4.1475 (Epid.).<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[master of the house]], οἴκοιο ἄναξ Od.1.397; ἀμφὶ ἄνακτα κύνες 10.216; as denoting the relation of [[master]] to [[slave]], freq. in Od.; ἄναξ, θεοὺς γὰρ δεσπότας καλεῖν χρεών E.''Hipp.''88; of the [[Cyclops]], as [[owner]] of [[flock]]s, Od.9.440.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> metaph., <b class="b3">κώπης, ναῶν ἄνακτες</b> [[lord]]s of the [[oar]], of [[ship]]s, [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''378,383; <b class="b3">πύλης ἄναξ θυρωρέ</b>, of a [[porter]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Fragments|Fr.]]''775; <b class="b3">ἄναξ ὅπλων</b> E ''IA''1260; ψευδῶν Id.''Andr.''447; ὑπήνης Pl.Com.122; κέντρων, of planets holding [[cardinal]] [[point]]s, Man.1.66.—Poet. word.
+|Definition=<span class="bld">A</span> [ᾰ], ἄνακτος (cf. [[Ἄνακες]]), ὁ, rarely fem. <b class="b3">ὦ ἄνα</b> for [[ἄνασσα]], Pi.''P.''12.4, cf. A.''Fr.''342: ([[ϝάναξ]] ''IG''4.236 (Corinth), etc., cf. [[ϝάνακες]] 4.564 (Argos)):—[[lord]], [[master]], [[king]]<br><span class="bld">1</span> of the gods, esp. Apollo, ἄγουσι δὲ δῶρα Ἄνακτι Il.1.390, al.; ὁ [[Πύθιος]] ἄναξ A.''Ag.''509; <b class="b3">ἄναξ Ἄπολλον</b> ib.513, ''Eu.''85, etc.; [[ὦναξ]] Ἄπ. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''80; [[ὦναξ]] without [[Ἄπολλον]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.159, 4.150, al.; of [[Zeus]], Hom. only in voc., Ζεῦ ἄνα Il.3.351, 16.233; Ζεὺς ἄναξ [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''762; ἄναξ ἀνάκτων.. Ζεῦ Id.''Supp.''524; μὰ τὸν Δία τὸν Ἄνακτα D.35.40; [[Poseidon]], A.''Th.''130; <b class="b3">ὦ δέσποτ' ἄναξ</b>, of [[Ἀήρ]], Ar.''Nu.''264; of [[Apollo]] [[Ἀγυιεύς]], Id.''V.''875; <b class="b3">ὦναξ δέσποτα</b>, of [[Πλοῦτος]], Id.''Pl.''748; especially of the Dioscuri, cf. <b class="b3">Ἄνακες, Ἄνακοι</b>; of all the gods, πάντων ἀνάκτων.. κοινοβωμίαν A.''Supp.'' 222, cf. Pi.''O.'' 10(11).49.—The irreg. voc. [[ἄνα]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]) is never addressed save to gods; [[ὦναξ]] is freq. in Trag. and Com.<br><span class="bld">II</span> of the Homeric heroes, especially of [[Agamemnon]], as [[general-in-chief]], [[leader]] of men [[ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν]] [[Ἀγαμέμνων]] Il.1.442, al. (so [[Euphetes]] 15.532, while [[Ortilochos]] is called πολέεσσ' ἄνδρεσσιν ἄνακτα 5.546):—also as a title of [[rank]], e.g. of [[Teiresias]], Od.11.144, 151, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''284; of the [[sons of kings]] or [[brothers of kings]] (υἱεῖς τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ καλοῦνται ἄνακτες Arist.''Fr.''526, cf. Isoc.9.72, Clearch. 25, and so of [[Creon]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''85, cf. 911), and especially of kings, as [[Xerxes]], [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''5, Darius, ib.787, cf. ''Ag.''42, E.''Ph.''17, ''Or.''349, etc.; <b class="b3">βασιλῆι ἄνακτι</b> [[lord]] [[king]], Od.20.194; of the [[emperor]]s, θεοὶ ἄνακτες ''IG''14.2012A2, 4.1475 (Epid.).<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[master of the house]], οἴκοιο ἄναξ Od.1.397; ἀμφὶ ἄνακτα κύνες 10.216; as denoting the relation of [[master]] to [[slave]], freq. in Od.; ἄναξ, θεοὺς γὰρ δεσπότας καλεῖν χρεών E.''Hipp.''88; of the [[Cyclops]], as [[owner]] of [[flock]]s, Od.9.440.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> metaph., <b class="b3">κώπης, ναῶν ἄνακτες</b> [[lord]]s of the [[oar]], of [[ship]]s, [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''378,383; <b class="b3">πύλης ἄναξ θυρωρέ</b>, of a [[porter]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Fragments|Fr.]]''775; <b class="b3">ἄναξ ὅπλων</b> E ''IA''1260; ψευδῶν Id.''Andr.''447; ὑπήνης Pl.Com.122; κέντρων, of planets holding [[cardinal]] [[point]]s, Man.1.66.—Poet. word.
+}}
+{{wkten
+|wkttx=From earlier ϝάναξ (wánax), ϝάνακος (wánakos). Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀷𐀙𐀏 (wa-na-ka) as well as Phrygian ουανακταν (ouanaktan /wanaktan/), Old Phrygian [script needed] (vanaktei), which may be an early loan from Greek or from a common third source. The further origin is unknown, but likely a borrowing from a Pre-Greek substrate language. Various alternative Indo-European etymologies have been proposed, including: Cognate with Tocharian A nātäk (“lord”) (female counterpart nāśi (“queen”); cf. ᾰ̓́νασσᾰ (ánassa)), from a Proto-Indo-European *w(n̥)nákts (“lord”). Cognate with Sanskrit वणिज् (vaṇíj, “merchant, businessman”) - an epithet of Indra in the Rig Veda - from a Proto-Indo-European compound *wn̥-h₂eǵ-(t)- composed of *wenh₁- (“to win”) + *h₂eǵ- (“to drive, lead”).
 }}
-==Wiktionary EN==
-From earlier ϝάναξ (wánax), ϝάνακος (wánakos). Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀷𐀙𐀏 (wa-na-ka) as well as Phrygian ουανακταν (ouanaktan /wanaktan/), Old Phrygian [script needed] (vanaktei), which may be an early loan from Greek or from a common third source. The further origin is unknown, but likely a borrowing from a Pre-Greek substrate language. Various alternative Indo-European etymologies have been proposed, including: Cognate with Tocharian A nātäk (“lord”) (female counterpart nāśi (“queen”); cf. ᾰ̓́νασσᾰ (ánassa)), from a Proto-Indo-European *w(n̥)nákts (“lord”).
-Cognate with Sanskrit वणिज् (vaṇíj, “merchant, businessman”) - an epithet of Indra in the Rig Veda - from a Proto-Indo-European compound *wn̥-h₂eǵ-(t)- composed of *wenh₁- (“to win”) + *h₂eǵ- (“to drive, lead”).
 {{wkpen
 |wketx=Anax (Greek: ἄναξ; from earlier ϝάναξ, wánax) is an ancient Greek word for "tribal chief, lord, (military) leader". It is one of the two Greek titles traditionally translated as "king", the other being basileus, and is inherited from Mycenaean Greece, and is notably used in Homeric Greek, e.g. for Agamemnon. The feminine form is anassa, "queen" (ἄνασσα, from wánassa, itself from *wánakt-ja).