potestas: Difference between revisions

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{{LaEn
|lnetxt=potestas potestatis N F :: [[power]], [[rule]], [[force]]; [[strength]], [[ability]]; [[chance]], [[opportunity]]
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{{Lewis
{{Lewis
|lshtext=<b>pŏtestas</b>: ātis (<br /><b>I</b> gen. plur. potestatium, Sen. Ep. 115, 7; Plin. 29, 4, 20, § 67), f. [[possum]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit., in gen., [[ability]], [[power]] of doing [[any]] [[thing]] ([[class]].): SI FVRIOSVS EST AGNATORVM GENTILIVMQVE IN EO PECVNIAQVE EIVS POTESTAS ESTO, Fragm. XII. Tabularum: vim tantam in se et potestatem habere tantae astutiae, to [[have]] [[such]] a [[power]] of [[craftiness]], to be [[able]] to [[devise]] [[such]] tricks, Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 32: aut [[potestas]] defuit aut [[facultas]] aut [[voluntas]], Cic. Inv. 2, 7, 24: habere potestatem vitae necisque in aliquem, id. Dom. 29, 77; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3, § 11: potestatem alicui deferre beneficiorum tribuendorum, id. Balb. 16, 37. —Poet., [[with]] inf.: [[potestas]] occurrere [[telis]] ... ensem avellere dextrā, Stat. Th. 3, 296; Luc. 2, 40.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In phrases.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Esse in potestate alicujus, to be in one's [[power]], under one's [[control]], to be [[subject]] to (for a [[description]] of the [[relation]] of [[potestas]] under the Roman [[law]], and of the classes of persons to whom it applied, v. Gai. Inst. 1, 49 sqq.): mittuntur legati, qui nuntient, ut [[sit]] in senatūs populique Romani potestate, Cic. Phil. 6, 2, 4: esse in dicione ac potestate alicujus, id. Quint. 2, 6: habere familiam in potestate, to [[keep]] [[them]] slaves, not to [[free]] [[them]], Liv. 8, 15.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Esse in suā potestate, to be one's [[own]] [[master]], Nep. Att. 6, 1; so, esse suae potestatis, Liv. 31, 45.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Jus potestatemque habere imperandi, Cic. Phil. 11, 12, 30; cf.: cum consulis eā de re jus ac potestatem esse dixisset, had [[jurisdiction]] and [[authority]] [[over]] it, Liv. 24, 39.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Est mea (tua, etc.) [[potestas]], I [[have]] the [[power]], I can, Cic. Att. 2, 5, 1; Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 42; cf.: sed volui meam potestatem esse vel petendi, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6.—<br /><b>II</b> In partic.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Political [[power]], [[dominion]], [[rule]], [[empire]], [[sovereignty]] (syn.: [[imperium]], [[dicio]]): Thessaliam in potestatem Thebanorum redigere, Nep. Pelop. 5, 1; Liv. 24, 31; so, sub potestatem Atheniensium redigere, Nep. Milt. 1, 4: esse in potestate alicujus, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 54, § 136: [[tenere]] aliquem in suā potestate ac dicione, id. ib. 2, 1, 38, § 97: venire in [[arbitrium]] ac potestatem alicujus, id. ib. 2, 1, 57, § 150.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Magisterial [[power]], [[authority]], [[office]], [[magistracy]] (syn.: [[magistratus]], [[auctoritas]]): [[potestas]] praetoria, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 69: qui [[togatus]] in re publicā cum potestate imperioque versatus [[sit]], id. Phil. 1, 7, 18: [[modo]] ut bonā ratione emerit, [[nihil]] pro potestate, [[nihil]] ab [[invito]], id. Verr. 2, 4, 5, § 10: cum potestate aut legatione in provinciam proficisci, id. ib. 2, 4, 5, § 9; id. Clu. 27, 74: censores dederunt operam, ut ita potestatem gererent, ut, etc., so to [[administer]] the [[office]], id. Verr. 2, 2, 55, § 138; id. Agr. 2, 6, 14.—In <[[number]] opt="n">plur.</[[number]]>: imperia, potestates, legationes, id. Leg. 3, 3, 9: in potestatibus gerendis, Auct. Her. 3, 7, 14.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[person]] in [[office]], a [[public]] [[officer]], [[magistrate]]: a magistratu aut ab aliquā potestate legitimā evocatus, by [[some]] [[lawful]] [[authority]], Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 74: [[mavis]] Fidenarum esse [[potestas]], Juv. 10, 100.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[ruler]], [[supreme]] [[monarch]]: hominum rerumque aeterna [[potestas]], i. e. Jupiter, Verg. A. 10, 18: [[nihil]] est [[quod]] credere de se Non possit, cum laudatur dis aequa [[potestas]], Juv. 4, 71 (v. context): potestates, = ἀρχαί, the [[highest]] magistrates, Plin. 9, 8, 8, § 26; Suet. Ner. 36; Amm. 31, 12, 5: celsae potestates, officers of [[state]], id. 14, 1, 10: jurisdictionem potestatibus per provincias demandare, Suet. Claud. 23.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> Esp., [[legal]] [[power]], [[right]] [[over]] or to a [[thing]] ([[class]].): potestatis verbo plura significantur: in personā magistratuum [[imperium]], in personā liberorum [[patria]] [[potestas]], in personā servi [[dominium]]: at cum agimus de noxae deditione cum eo, qui servum non defendit, praesentis corporis copiam facultatemque significamus. Ex lege Atiniā in potestatem domini rem furtivam venisse videri, et si ejus vindicandae potestatem habuerit, Sabinus et [[Cassius]] aiunt, Dig. 50, 16, 215.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>D</b> Of [[inanimate]] things, [[power]], [[force]], [[efficacy]], [[effect]], [[operation]], [[virtue]], [[value]]: potestates colorum, Vitr. 7, 14: potestates visque herbarum, Verg. A. 12, 396; Plin. 25, 2, 5, § 9: pecuniarum, [[value]], Dig. 13, 4, 3: haec potestatibus praesentibus dijudicanda sunt, circumstances, [[state]] of things, Gell. 1, 3, 24: actionum vis et [[potestas]], Dig. 9, 4, 1: [[quaternarius]] [[numerus]] suis partibus complet decadis ipsius potestatem ([[because]] the [[first]] [[four]] integers, taken [[together]], = 10), [[compass]], [[fulness]], Mart. Cap. 2, § 106: plumbi [[potestas]], [[nature]], [[quality]], properties, Lucr. 5, 1242: [[naturalis]], Vitr. 9, 4.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>E</b> Of a [[word]], [[meaning]], [[signification]] (syn.: vis, [[significatio]]), Gell. 10, 29, 1; Auct. Her. 4, 54, 67; Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 4.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>F</b> Math. t. t., = [[δύναμις]]>, the [[square]] [[root]], Mart. Cap. 2, § 106.—<br /><b>III</b> Trop.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Power, [[control]], [[command]] ([[class]].): dum ex tanto gaudio in potestatem nostram redeamus, [[recover]] [[our]] [[self]]-[[control]], [[come]] to [[ourselves]], [[Cato]] ap. Gell. 7, 3, 14: exisse ex potestate dicimus eos, qui effrenati feruntur aut libidine, aut iracundiā, to [[have]] [[lost]] the [[control]] of [[their]] [[reason]], to be [[out]] of [[their]] minds, Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11; cf.: qui exisse ex potestate dicuntur, [[idcirco]] dicuntur, [[quia]] non sunt in potestate mentis, cui [[regnum]] totius animi a [[natura]] [[tributum]] est, id. ib. 3, 5, 11; cf. also id. ib. 4, 36, 77: [[postquam]] ad te cum omnium rerum tum [[etiam]] tui potestatem di transtulerint, Plin. [[Pan]]. 56, 3.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Power, [[ability]], possibility, [[opportunity]] ([[class]].; cf.: [[copia]], [[facultas]]): ubi mihi [[potestas]] [[primum]] evenit, Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 18: liberius vivendi, Ter. And. 1, 1, 25: ut [[primum]] [[potestas]] [[data]] est augendae dignitatis tuae, Cic. Fam. 10, 13, 1: quoties mihi certorum hominum [[potestas]] erit (al. [[facultas]]), [[whenever]] I [[find]] men on whom I can rely, id. ib. 1, 7, 1: facere potestatem, to [[give]] [[opportunity]], [[leave]], permission: si [[quid]] de his rebus dicere vellet, feci potestatem, id. Cat. 3, 5, 11: quae [[potestas]] si mihi saepius fiet, utar, shall [[present]] itself, id. Phil. 1, 15, 38: alicui potestatem optionemque facere, ut, etc., id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45: [[facio]] [[tibi]] interpellandi potestatem, id. Rosc. Am. 27, 73: ego instare, omnium mihi tabularum et litterarum fieri potestatem oportere, [[must]] be allowed the [[use]] of, id. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 149: potestatem sui facere, to [[allow]] others to see or [[have]] [[access]] to one, to [[give]] an [[opportunity]] of conversing [[with]] one: cum [[neque]] praetores diebus [[aliquot]] adiri possent vel potestatem sui facerent, allowed [[themselves]] to be [[spoken]] to, id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15: facere omnibus conveniendi sui potestatem, to [[admit]] to an [[audience]], id. Phil. 8, 10, 31: qui potestatem sui non habuissent, [[who]] had not been [[able]] to [[speak]] [[with]] him, Suet. Tib. 34: potestatem sui facere, to [[give]] an [[opportunity]] of [[fighting]] [[with]] one, Caes. B. G. 1, 40; Nep. Ages. 3, 3.—Poet., [[with]] inf.: non fugis [[hinc]] [[praeceps]], dum praecipitare [[potestas]], Verg. A. 4, 565: [[nunc]] flere [[potestas]] est, Luc. 2, 40: soli cui tanta [[potestas]] meis occurrere [[telis]], Stat. Th. 3, 296.—<br /> In eccl. Lat.: potestates, angels, angelic powers, authorities in the [[spiritual]] [[world]], Vulg. Ephes. 6, 12; id. 1 Pet. 3, 22; <[[number]] opt="n">[[sing]].</[[number]]>, id. 1 Cor. 15, 24.—<br /> Personified, a [[daughter]] of [[Pallas]] and [[Styx]], Hyg. Fab. prooem.
|lshtext=<b>pŏtestas</b>: ātis (<br /><b>I</b> gen. plur. potestatium, Sen. Ep. 115, 7; Plin. 29, 4, 20, § 67), f. [[possum]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit., in gen., [[ability]], [[power]] of doing [[any]] [[thing]] ([[class]].): SI FVRIOSVS EST AGNATORVM GENTILIVMQVE IN EO PECVNIAQVE EIVS POTESTAS ESTO, Fragm. XII. Tabularum: vim tantam in se et potestatem habere tantae astutiae, to [[have]] [[such]] a [[power]] of [[craftiness]], to be [[able]] to [[devise]] [[such]] tricks, Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 32: aut [[potestas]] defuit aut [[facultas]] aut [[voluntas]], Cic. Inv. 2, 7, 24: habere potestatem vitae necisque in aliquem, id. Dom. 29, 77; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3, § 11: potestatem alicui deferre beneficiorum tribuendorum, id. Balb. 16, 37. —Poet., [[with]] inf.: [[potestas]] occurrere [[telis]] ... ensem avellere dextrā, Stat. Th. 3, 296; Luc. 2, 40.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In phrases.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Esse in potestate alicujus, to be in one's [[power]], under one's [[control]], to be [[subject]] to (for a [[description]] of the [[relation]] of [[potestas]] under the Roman [[law]], and of the classes of persons to whom it applied, v. Gai. Inst. 1, 49 sqq.): mittuntur legati, qui nuntient, ut [[sit]] in senatūs populique Romani potestate, Cic. Phil. 6, 2, 4: esse in dicione ac potestate alicujus, id. Quint. 2, 6: habere familiam in potestate, to [[keep]] [[them]] slaves, not to [[free]] [[them]], Liv. 8, 15.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Esse in suā potestate, to be one's [[own]] [[master]], Nep. Att. 6, 1; so, esse suae potestatis, Liv. 31, 45.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Jus potestatemque habere imperandi, Cic. Phil. 11, 12, 30; cf.: cum consulis eā de re jus ac potestatem esse dixisset, had [[jurisdiction]] and [[authority]] [[over]] it, Liv. 24, 39.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Est mea (tua, etc.) [[potestas]], I [[have]] the [[power]], I can, Cic. Att. 2, 5, 1; Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 42; cf.: sed volui meam potestatem esse vel petendi, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6.—<br /><b>II</b> In partic.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Political [[power]], [[dominion]], [[rule]], [[empire]], [[sovereignty]] (syn.: [[imperium]], [[dicio]]): Thessaliam in potestatem Thebanorum redigere, Nep. Pelop. 5, 1; Liv. 24, 31; so, sub potestatem Atheniensium redigere, Nep. Milt. 1, 4: esse in potestate alicujus, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 54, § 136: [[tenere]] aliquem in suā potestate ac dicione, id. ib. 2, 1, 38, § 97: venire in [[arbitrium]] ac potestatem alicujus, id. ib. 2, 1, 57, § 150.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Magisterial [[power]], [[authority]], [[office]], [[magistracy]] (syn.: [[magistratus]], [[auctoritas]]): [[potestas]] praetoria, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 69: qui [[togatus]] in re publicā cum potestate imperioque versatus [[sit]], id. Phil. 1, 7, 18: [[modo]] ut bonā ratione emerit, [[nihil]] pro potestate, [[nihil]] ab [[invito]], id. Verr. 2, 4, 5, § 10: cum potestate aut legatione in provinciam proficisci, id. ib. 2, 4, 5, § 9; id. Clu. 27, 74: censores dederunt operam, ut ita potestatem gererent, ut, etc., so to [[administer]] the [[office]], id. Verr. 2, 2, 55, § 138; id. Agr. 2, 6, 14.—In plur.: imperia, potestates, legationes, id. Leg. 3, 3, 9: in potestatibus gerendis, Auct. Her. 3, 7, 14.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[person]] in [[office]], a [[public]] [[officer]], [[magistrate]]: a magistratu aut ab aliquā potestate legitimā evocatus, by [[some]] [[lawful]] [[authority]], Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 74: [[mavis]] Fidenarum esse [[potestas]], Juv. 10, 100.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[ruler]], [[supreme]] [[monarch]]: hominum rerumque aeterna [[potestas]], i. e. Jupiter, Verg. A. 10, 18: [[nihil]] est [[quod]] credere de se Non possit, cum laudatur dis aequa [[potestas]], Juv. 4, 71 (v. context): potestates, = ἀρχαί, the [[highest]] magistrates, Plin. 9, 8, 8, § 26; Suet. Ner. 36; Amm. 31, 12, 5: celsae potestates, officers of [[state]], id. 14, 1, 10: jurisdictionem potestatibus per provincias demandare, Suet. Claud. 23.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> Esp., [[legal]] [[power]], [[right]] [[over]] or to a [[thing]] ([[class]].): potestatis verbo plura significantur: in personā magistratuum [[imperium]], in personā liberorum [[patria]] [[potestas]], in personā servi [[dominium]]: at cum agimus de noxae deditione cum eo, qui servum non defendit, praesentis corporis copiam facultatemque significamus. Ex lege Atiniā in potestatem domini rem furtivam venisse videri, et si ejus vindicandae potestatem habuerit, Sabinus et [[Cassius]] aiunt, Dig. 50, 16, 215.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>D</b> Of [[inanimate]] things, [[power]], [[force]], [[efficacy]], [[effect]], [[operation]], [[virtue]], [[value]]: potestates colorum, Vitr. 7, 14: potestates visque herbarum, Verg. A. 12, 396; Plin. 25, 2, 5, § 9: pecuniarum, [[value]], Dig. 13, 4, 3: haec potestatibus praesentibus dijudicanda sunt, circumstances, [[state]] of things, Gell. 1, 3, 24: actionum vis et [[potestas]], Dig. 9, 4, 1: [[quaternarius]] [[numerus]] suis partibus complet decadis ipsius potestatem ([[because]] the [[first]] [[four]] integers, taken [[together]], = 10), [[compass]], [[fulness]], Mart. Cap. 2, § 106: plumbi [[potestas]], [[nature]], [[quality]], properties, Lucr. 5, 1242: [[naturalis]], Vitr. 9, 4.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>E</b> Of a [[word]], [[meaning]], [[signification]] (syn.: vis, [[significatio]]), Gell. 10, 29, 1; Auct. Her. 4, 54, 67; Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 4.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>F</b> Math. t. t., = [[δύναμις]], the [[square]] [[root]], Mart. Cap. 2, § 106.—<br /><b>III</b> Trop.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Power, [[control]], [[command]] ([[class]].): dum ex tanto gaudio in potestatem nostram redeamus, [[recover]] [[our]] [[self]]-[[control]], [[come]] to [[ourselves]], [[Cato]] ap. Gell. 7, 3, 14: exisse ex potestate dicimus eos, qui effrenati feruntur aut libidine, aut iracundiā, to [[have]] [[lost]] the [[control]] of [[their]] [[reason]], to be [[out]] of [[their]] minds, Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11; cf.: qui exisse ex potestate dicuntur, [[idcirco]] dicuntur, [[quia]] non sunt in potestate mentis, cui [[regnum]] totius animi a [[natura]] [[tributum]] est, id. ib. 3, 5, 11; cf. also id. ib. 4, 36, 77: [[postquam]] ad te cum omnium rerum tum [[etiam]] tui potestatem di transtulerint, Plin. [[Pan]]. 56, 3.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Power, [[ability]], possibility, [[opportunity]] ([[class]].; cf.: [[copia]], [[facultas]]): ubi mihi [[potestas]] [[primum]] evenit, Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 18: liberius vivendi, Ter. And. 1, 1, 25: ut [[primum]] [[potestas]] [[data]] est augendae dignitatis tuae, Cic. Fam. 10, 13, 1: quoties mihi certorum hominum [[potestas]] erit (al. [[facultas]]), [[whenever]] I [[find]] men on whom I can rely, id. ib. 1, 7, 1: facere potestatem, to [[give]] [[opportunity]], [[leave]], permission: si [[quid]] de his rebus dicere vellet, feci potestatem, id. Cat. 3, 5, 11: quae [[potestas]] si mihi saepius fiet, utar, shall [[present]] itself, id. Phil. 1, 15, 38: alicui potestatem optionemque facere, ut, etc., id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45: [[facio]] [[tibi]] interpellandi potestatem, id. Rosc. Am. 27, 73: ego instare, omnium mihi tabularum et litterarum fieri potestatem oportere, [[must]] be allowed the [[use]] of, id. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 149: potestatem sui facere, to [[allow]] others to see or [[have]] [[access]] to one, to [[give]] an [[opportunity]] of conversing [[with]] one: cum [[neque]] praetores diebus [[aliquot]] adiri possent vel potestatem sui facerent, allowed [[themselves]] to be [[spoken]] to, id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15: facere omnibus conveniendi sui potestatem, to [[admit]] to an [[audience]], id. Phil. 8, 10, 31: qui potestatem sui non habuissent, [[who]] had not been [[able]] to [[speak]] [[with]] him, Suet. Tib. 34: potestatem sui facere, to [[give]] an [[opportunity]] of [[fighting]] [[with]] one, Caes. B. G. 1, 40; Nep. Ages. 3, 3.—Poet., [[with]] inf.: non fugis [[hinc]] [[praeceps]], dum praecipitare [[potestas]], Verg. A. 4, 565: [[nunc]] flere [[potestas]] est, Luc. 2, 40: soli cui tanta [[potestas]] meis occurrere [[telis]], Stat. Th. 3, 296.—<br /> In eccl. Lat.: potestates, angels, angelic powers, authorities in the [[spiritual]] [[world]], Vulg. Ephes. 6, 12; id. 1 Pet. 3, 22; sing., id. 1 Cor. 15, 24.—<br /> Personified, a [[daughter]] of [[Pallas]] and [[Styx]], Hyg. Fab. prooem.
}}
{{Gaffiot
|gf=<b>pŏtestās</b>,⁶ ātis, f. (pot-, [[potis]], [[pote]]),<br /><b>1</b> [en gén.] puissance, pouvoir : <b> a)</b> alicujus, de qqn : [[esse]] in [[senatus]] potestate Cic. Phil. 6, 4, être soumis au pouvoir du sénat ; in dicione ac potestate alicujus [[esse]] Cic. Quinct. 6, être sous la domination et la puissance de qqn ; tua [[potestas]] erat, ne Cic. Cæcil. 32, tu avais le pouvoir d’empêcher que ; [[non]] [[est]] in nostra potestate, [[quin]] Cic. Fato 45, nous ne pouvons empêcher que &#124;&#124; in potestatem alicujus [[esse]] Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 67, être au pouvoir de qqn, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 98 ; Pomp. 33 (d’après Gell. 1, 7, 16 ) ; Liv. 2, 14, 4 ; 24, 1, 13 ; 32, 8, 14 ; in potestatem aliquem habere Sall. J. 112, 3, avoir qqn en son pouvoir &#124;&#124; [[per]] potestatem [[aliquid]] auferre Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 32, emporter qqch. en usant de son pouvoir ; alicui liberam potestatem ad credendum dare Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 178, donner à qqn libre pouvoir d’ajouter foi ; <b> b)</b> alicujus [[rei]], pouvoir sur qqch. : vitæ necisque potestatem in aliquem habere Cic. Rep. 3, 23, avoir droit de vie et de mort sur qqn, cf. Cæs. G. 6, 19, 3 ; potestatem alicui deferre beneficiorum tribuendorum Cic. Balbo 37, remettre à qqn le pouvoir d’accorder des faveurs ; [[esse]] in potestate mentis Cic. Tusc. 3, 11, être en possession de son intelligence ; ex potestate, de potestate [[exire]] Cic. Tusc. 3, 11 ; 3, 77, n’être [[plus]] maître de soi, perdre la raison &#124;&#124; [[nihil]] in [[aliqua]] re potestatis habere Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 75, n’avoir aucun pouvoir sur qqch. ; <b> c)</b> pouvoir, propriété (vertu) d’une chose : potestates herbarum Virg. En. 12, 396, les vertus des plantes &#124;&#124; signification, valeur d’un mot : Her. 4, 67 ; Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 4 ; Gell. 10, 29, 1 &#124;&#124; [phil. c. [[δύναμις]] propriété, faculté particulière d’une substance ou d’un être, ou ensemble de leurs propriétés ou facultés caractéristiques : Lucr. 2, 587 ; 2, 257 ; 2, 286 ; 3, 409 ; 1, 76 ; 1, 595 ; 3, 264, etc.<br /><b>2</b> pouvoir d’un magistrat [et en part. des magistratures inférieures, opp. à [[imperium]] ] : [[potestas]] prætoria Cic. Pomp. 69, le pouvoir d’un préteur ; cum potestate in provinciam proficisci Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 9, partir dans une province avec la puissance officielle ; sacrosancta Liv. 29, 20, 11, la puissance inviolable [tribuns de la plèbe et édiles plébéiens] ; censores potestatem [[ita]] gesserunt, ut Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 138, les censeurs ont exercé leurs pouvoirs, leurs fonctions de telle sorte que... ; in potestatibus eo [[modo]] agitabat ut... Sall. J. 63, 5, dans ses différentes fonctions il se comportait de telle sorte que... &#124;&#124; a magistratu [[aut]] ab [[aliqua]] potestate [[legitima]] [[evocatus]] Cic. Tusc. 1, 74, appelé au dehors par un magistrat ou par quelque autre puissance légitime ; imperia, potestates Cic. Leg. 3, 9, les commandants militaires, les autorités civiles [gouverneurs de province], cf. Phil. 2, 53 ; Suet. Claud. 23<br /><b>3</b> pouvoir, faculté, possibilité, occasion de faire qqch. : [[mihi]] data [[est]] [[potestas]] augendæ dignitatis tuæ Cic. Fam. 10, 13, 1, la possibilité m’a été donnée d’augmenter ta considération ; potestatem gustandi facere Cic. Rep. 2, 50, donner le pouvoir de goûter, cf. Cic. Amer. 73 ; Cat. 3, 11 ; [[mihi]] tabularum [[potestas]] facta [[est]] Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 149, les registres ont été [[mis]] à ma disposition ; ei [[potestas]] [[non]] defuit Cæs. G. 1, 48, 3, la possibilité ne lui manqua pas, cf. Cæs. G. 5, 51, 3 ; potestatem [[sui]] facere Cæs. G. 1, 40, 8 ; Nep. Ages. 3, 6, donner la disposition de soi, accepter le combat, [mais Cic. Q. 1, 2, 15, donner audience] &#124;&#124; [[potestas]] [[est]] avec inf., il [[est]] possible de : Virg. En. 4, 565 ; 9, 739 ; [[vobis]] [[potestas]] fit ostendere... Liv. 34, 13, 5, vous avez tout pouvoir de montrer... gén. pl. potestatum ; qqf. -tium Sen. Ep. 115, 7 ; Plin. 28, 59 ; 29, 67.||in potestatem alicujus [[esse]] Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 67, être au pouvoir de qqn, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 98 ; Pomp. 33 (d’après Gell. 1, 7, 16 ) ; Liv. 2, 14, 4 ; 24, 1, 13 ; 32, 8, 14 ; in potestatem aliquem habere Sall. J. 112, 3, avoir qqn en son pouvoir||[[per]] potestatem [[aliquid]] auferre Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 32, emporter qqch. en usant de son pouvoir ; alicui liberam potestatem ad credendum dare Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 178, donner à qqn libre pouvoir d’ajouter foi ; <b> b)</b> alicujus [[rei]], pouvoir sur qqch. : vitæ necisque potestatem in aliquem habere Cic. Rep. 3, 23, avoir droit de vie et de mort sur qqn, cf. Cæs. G. 6, 19, 3 ; potestatem alicui deferre beneficiorum tribuendorum Cic. Balbo 37, remettre à qqn le pouvoir d’accorder des faveurs ; [[esse]] in potestate mentis Cic. Tusc. 3, 11, être en possession de son intelligence ; ex potestate, de potestate [[exire]] Cic. Tusc. 3, 11 ; 3, 77, n’être [[plus]] maître de soi, perdre la raison||[[nihil]] in [[aliqua]] re potestatis habere Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 75, n’avoir aucun pouvoir sur qqch. ; <b> c)</b> pouvoir, propriété (vertu) d’une chose : potestates herbarum Virg. En. 12, 396, les vertus des plantes||signification, valeur d’un mot : Her. 4, 67 ; Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 4 ; Gell. 10, 29, 1||[phil. c. [[δύναμις]] propriété, faculté particulière d’une substance ou d’un être, ou ensemble de leurs propriétés ou facultés caractéristiques : Lucr. 2, 587 ; 2, 257 ; 2, 286 ; 3, 409 ; 1, 76 ; 1, 595 ; 3, 264, etc.<br /><b>2</b> pouvoir d’un magistrat [et en part. des magistratures inférieures, opp. à [[imperium]] ] : [[potestas]] prætoria Cic. Pomp. 69, le pouvoir d’un préteur ; cum potestate in provinciam proficisci Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 9, partir dans une province avec la puissance officielle ; sacrosancta Liv. 29, 20, 11, la puissance inviolable [tribuns de la plèbe et édiles plébéiens] ; censores potestatem [[ita]] gesserunt, ut Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 138, les censeurs ont exercé leurs pouvoirs, leurs fonctions de telle sorte que... ; in potestatibus eo [[modo]] agitabat ut... Sall. J. 63, 5, dans ses différentes fonctions il se comportait de telle sorte que...||a magistratu [[aut]] ab [[aliqua]] potestate [[legitima]] [[evocatus]] Cic. Tusc. 1, 74, appelé au dehors par un magistrat ou par quelque autre puissance légitime ; imperia, potestates Cic. Leg. 3, 9, les commandants militaires, les autorités civiles [gouverneurs de province], cf. Phil. 2, 53 ; Suet. Claud. 23<br /><b>3</b> pouvoir, faculté, possibilité, occasion de faire qqch. : [[mihi]] data [[est]] [[potestas]] augendæ dignitatis tuæ Cic. Fam. 10, 13, 1, la possibilité m’a été donnée d’augmenter ta considération ; potestatem gustandi facere Cic. Rep. 2, 50, donner le pouvoir de goûter, cf. Cic. Amer. 73 ; Cat. 3, 11 ; [[mihi]] tabularum [[potestas]] facta [[est]] Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 149, les registres ont été [[mis]] à ma disposition ; ei [[potestas]] [[non]] defuit Cæs. G. 1, 48, 3, la possibilité ne lui manqua pas, cf. Cæs. G. 5, 51, 3 ; potestatem [[sui]] facere Cæs. G. 1, 40, 8 ; Nep. Ages. 3, 6, donner la disposition de soi, accepter le combat, [mais Cic. Q. 1, 2, 15, donner audience]||[[potestas]] [[est]] avec inf., il [[est]] possible de : Virg. En. 4, 565 ; 9, 739 ; [[vobis]] [[potestas]] fit ostendere... Liv. 34, 13, 5, vous avez tout pouvoir de montrer... gén. pl. potestatum ; qqf. -tium Sen. Ep. 115, 7 ; Plin. 28, 59 ; 29, 67.
}}
{{Georges
|georg=potestās, ātis, f. ([[possum]]), das [[Vermögen]], I) im allg., die [[Kraft]], [[Wirkung]], der [[Wert]], die [[Geltung]], [[Bedeutung]], plumbi, Lucr.: potestates herbarum, Verg. u. Plin.: potestates colorum, Vitr.: pecuniarum, ICt. – v. Abstr., [[utraque]] [[actio]] eiusdem potestatis, ICt.: quarum actionum [[vis]] et p. ([[Wirkung]]) [[haec]] est, ut etc., ICt.: u. so v. der [[Geltung]], dem [[Umfang]], der [[Bedeutung]] eines Wortes, Cornif. rhet. 4, 67. Sen. de ben. 2, 34, 5. Gell. 10, 29, 1. – meton. [[als]] t. t. der [[Mathematik]] = [[δύναμις]], die Quadratwurzel, Mart. Cap. 2. § 106 (u. [[dazu]] Kopp). – II) prägn., die [[Macht]], etw. zu [[tun]], die [[Gewalt]] zu od. [[über]] etw., die Obmacht, A) [[subjektiv]]: 1) im allg.: [[qui]] habeam tantam potestatem astutiae, solche [[List]] [[ausdenken]] kann, Ter.: habere potestatem vitae necisque in alqm, Cic. u. Caes., in alqo, Cic. de dom. 77: magnas vitae et [[necis]] habere potestates, Firm.: pari potestate, [[mit]] gleicher [[Gewalt]], Liv.: [[esse]] in sua potestate, [[sein]] eigener [[Herr]] [[sein]], Nep.: [[mihi]] est [[potestas]] od. est in mea potestate, es steht in [[meiner]] [[Macht]], [[ich]] kann, Cic.: [[quasi]] [[non]] ea [[potestas]] sit tua (es [[nicht]] in deiner [[Macht]] stehe), [[quo]] velis in tempore ut te exsolvas, Ter. heaut. 720: u. so [[tamen]], ne [[qua]] [[deductio]] fieret, magna ex parte tua [[potestas]] erat, Cic. div. in Caecil. 32: [[non]] [[esse]] in nostra potestate, [[quin]] [[illa]] eveniant, Cic. de fato 45: in tua potestate est, an gaudeamus, Plin. pan. 73, 3: [[quotiescumque]] ei [[locus]] dicendi ac [[potestas]] fuit, die [[Gelegenheit]] u. die [[Freiheit]], [[sich]] auszusprechen, Cic.: u. est alci [[potestas]] m. Infin., [[soli]] [[cui]] tanta [[potestas]] divorumque hominumque meis occurrere [[telis]] [[impune]], Stat. Theb. 3, 296: [[iam]] istam volucrum [[fore]] potestatem, werde [[bei]] den Vögeln [[stehen]], Suet.: [[esse]] in potestate [[senatus]], [[sich]] der [[Verfügung]] [[des]] Senates [[unterwerfen]], Cic. u. Liv.: habere familiam in sua potestate, die Sklaven in seiner [[Macht]] [[behalten]], [[nicht]] [[freilassen]], Liv.: in potestate [[mentis]] [[esse]], seines Verstandes [[mächtig]] [[sein]], Cic.: exisse ex od. de potestate (sc. [[mentis]]), seines Verstandes [[nicht]] [[mächtig]] [[sein]], Cic. – 2) insbes.: a) die politische [[Macht]], [[Gewalt]], [[Herrschaft]], Obmacht, alqm ([[ein]] [[Land]], [[Volk]]) redigere in potestatem alcis od. suam, Nep. u. Liv., u. [[sub]] potestatem alcis, Nep.: in potestatem alcis venire, Eutr.: [[esse]] in alcis dicione ac potestate, Cic.: [[tenere]] alqm in sua potestate ac dicione, Cic. – b) die obrigkeitl. [[Gewalt]], Gewalthaberstelle, das obrigkeitl. [[Amt]], α) eig.: [[praetoria]], Cic.: dare alci potestatem legati, Cic.: [[severe]] praefuit ei potestati, Nep.: censores potestatem gererent, Cic.: potestates magistratuum, Cic.: [[dissimilitudo]] potestatum, Cic. – β) meton., die [[Person]], die dieses [[Amt]] verwaltet, der [[Gewalthaber]] ([[Machthaber]]), die [[Behörde]], a magistratu [[aut]] ab [[aliqua]] potestate... [[evocatus]], Cic.: inconsultā superiore potestate, Amm.: dah. hominum divûmque [[potestas]] ([[von]] [[Jupiter]]), [[Machthaber]], [[König]], Verg. – Plur. ([[wie]] ἀρχαί), [[Machthaber]], höhere [[Staatsbeamte]], Plin. 9, 26 u. 29, 66. Suet. Claud. 23, 1: summae potestates, die höchsten [[Machthaber]], Suet. Ner. 36, 1: imperia et potestates, [[Militär]]- u. Zivilbehörden, Cic. Phil. 2, 53 u. de legg. 3, 9. – B) [[objektiv]] = die [[Macht]], [[Erlaubnis]], [[Gelegenheit]], [[Möglichkeit]], data est [[potestas]] augendae dignitatis, Cic.: [[quoties]] [[mihi]] certorum hominum [[potestas]] erit, [[Gelegenheit]], zuverlässige [[Leute]] zu [[haben]] ([[finden]]), um [[einen]] [[Brief]] mitzugeben, Cic.: liberius vivendi fuit ei [[potestas]], er durfte, konnte freier [[leben]], Ter.: hominis aspiciendi potestatem eripere, Cic. – dare alci potestatem, Acc. fr. u. Cic.: alci potestatem dare inquirendi [[sui]] parentis, Pacuv. fr.: equis datā respirandi potestate, Iustin.: eorum opprimendorum incredibilem [[rei]] publicae potestatem et fortunam (günstigen [[Augenblick]]) dare, Cic. – facere [[sui]] potestatem alci, α) [[sich]] [[beikommen]] [[lassen]], [[sich]] in [[ein]] [[Gefecht]] [[einlassen]], Caes. u. Nep. β) [[mit]] [[sich]] [[reden]] [[lassen]], [[andere]] [[vor]] [[sich]] [[lassen]], Cic.: so [[auch]] [[sui]] conveniendi, Cic. – potestatem [[sui]] [[non]] habuissent, [[mit]] ihm [[nicht]] hätten [[reden]] [[können]], Suet.: [[ebenso]] potestatem [[sui]] praebere, [[Audienz]] [[geben]], Cic. – facere alci potestatem interpellandi, [[Macht]], [[Erlaubnis]] [[geben]], Cic.: [[senatus]] populi potestatem fecit, stellte es in die [[Gewalt]] [[des]] Volkes, Liv.: fit [[mihi]] [[potestas]] tabularum, [[ich]] darf [[Gebrauch]] [[machen]] [[von]] usw., Cic. – [[potestas]] est (es ist [[möglich]], es ist vergönnt) m. Infin., [[non]] fugis [[hinc]] [[praeceps]], [[dum]] praecipitare [[potestas]]? Verg. Aen. 4, 565; u. so Verg. Aen. 9, 739. Lucan. 2, 40: u. alci [[potestas]] fit (es wird jmdm. [[Gelegenheit]] gegeben) m. Infin., [[tempus]], [[quod]] [[saepe]] optastis, venit, [[quo]] [[vobis]] [[potestas]] fieret virtutem vestram ostendendi, Liv. 34, 13, 5: [[ebenso]] datur [[potestas]] m. Infin., [[ubi]] nulla datur dextrā affectare [[potestas]], keine günstige [[Gelegenheit]] [[sich]] findet, an die Fliehenden zu [[gelangen]], Verg. Aen. 3, 670. – / Genet. Plur. gew. potestatum; [[doch]] [[auch]] potestatium, Sen. ep. 115, 7. Plin. 28, 59 u. 29, 67. Corp. inscr. Lat. 6, 632.
}}
{{LaZh
|lnztxt=potestas, atis. f. :: 勢力。權。威儀。官員。准。第六品天神。— verborum 字義。Summa potestas 王權。Potestatem sui facere 相熟。准見。Potestatem facere 准。許。Exire de potestate 失體統。Potestatis suae esse ''vel'' In sua esse potestate 自主。Potestate abire 離任。卸任。Versari cum potestate et imperio in republica 握權。行政。有功名。
}}
}}