κόνδυλος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[knuckle]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>493b28</span>: pl., <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>2</span>; <b class="b3">κονδύλοις ἡρμοττόμην</b> (v. ἁρμόζω <span class="bibl">1.4</span>); κονδύλοις νουθετεῖν τινα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>254</span>: so in sg., ib.<span class="bibl">1503</span>; δοῦναι κόνδυλόν τινι Plu.2.439d; <b class="b3">κονδύλους αὐτῷ δείδι</b> ( δίδου) <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1185.12</span> (ii/iii A.D.); κονδύλῳ καθικέσθαι τινός <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Alc.</span>7</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">κονδύλοις [πατάξαι</b>], opp. <b class="b3">ἐπὶ κόρρης</b> (a slap in the face), <span class="bibl">D.21.72</span>: [[proverb|prov.]], <b class="b3">κολλύραν καὶ κόνδυλον ὄψον ἐπ' αὐτῇ</b> pudding and [[knuckle]]-sauce to it, i.e. a good thrashing, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span> 123</span>, ubi v. Sch.; λόγον ἔχειν τοῦ κ. προχειρότερον <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cat.Mi.</span>1</span>; <b class="b3">νὴ τοὺς κ. οὓς ἠνεσχόμην</b>, Com. oath, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>411</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> generally, [[knuckle of any joint]], as of the humerus, Gal.18(2).617; of the humerus and elbow, <span class="bibl">Poll.2.141</span>; of the finger (middle joint), <span class="bibl">Ruf.<span class="title">Onom.</span> 84</span>; ποδός <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Ocyp.</span>28</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[knot]] in a string, <span class="bibl">Paul.Aeg.6.25</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[any hard]], [[bony knob]], of the teeth, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>4.19</span>, <span class="bibl">25</span>.</span>

|elnltext=κόνδυλος -ου, ὁ [~ κόνδοι: uitsteeksels] knokkel, plur. vuist:; κονδυλοὺς ἐντρίβειν τινί zijn vuisten op iem. loslaten Plut. Alc. 8.1; uitbr. vuistslag:. ἕξετ’ ἐν ὥρᾳ... κόνδυλον ὄψον jullie zullen op het juiste moment een vuistslag als toetje krijgen Aristoph. Pax 123. geneesk. knobbel, verharding van het tandvlees.

|elrutext='''κόνδῠλος:''' ὁ<br /><b class="num">1)</b> [[сустав]] (δακτύλου τὸ μὲν καμπτικὸν κ., τὸ δ᾽ [[ἄκαμπτον]] [[φάλαγξ]] Arst.);<br /><b class="num">2)</b> [[кулак]]: λόγον ἔχειν τοῦ κονδύλου προχειρότερον Plut. быть склонным пользоваться больше словом, чем кулаком;<br /><b class="num">3)</b> [[удар кулаком]] (κονδύλοις πατάξαι τινά Dem.; [[δοῦναι]] κόνδυλόν τινι, κονδύλῳ παίειν τινά и κονδύλῳ [[καθικέσθαι]] τινός Plut.).

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">knuckle, bony knob, clenched fist, swelling of the gum etc.</b> (IA.).<br />Compounds: As 2. member e. g. in <b class="b3">μονο-</b>, <b class="b3">δι-κόνδυλος</b> (Arist.)<br />Derivatives: [[κονδυλώδης]] <b class="b2">κ.-like, knuckly</b>, [[κονδύλωμα]], <b class="b3">-σις</b> [[hard swelling]], [[tumour]] (Hp.), [[κονδυλωτός]] <b class="b2">with κ. </b> (Att. inscr. IVa), hardly through [[κονδυλόομαι]] <b class="b2">get κ., swell</b> (Aspasia ap. Aët., H.). - [[κονδυλίζω]] [[hit the face with the fist]], [[muffet]], [[maltreat]] (Hyp., LXX) with [[κονδυλισμός]] (LXX).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Other body-parts in <b class="b3">-υλος</b> are [[δάκτυλος]], [[σφόνδυλος]] (cf. Güntert Reimwortbildungen 116ff.); the stem is seen in <b class="b3">κόνδοι ἀστράγαλοι</b> H. Connections outside Greek are quite uncertain or to be rejected: Skt. [[kanda-]] m. [[root of a knol]], <b class="b2">kandúka-</b> m. [[playball]], [[kanduka-]] n. [[cushion]] (cf. Mayrhofer s. vv., who considers Dravidian origin); Lith. <b class="b2">kánduolas</b> [[kernel]] (to <b class="b2">kándu</b>, <b class="b2">ką́sti</b> [[bite]]; s. Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. v.). Older lit. in Bq. - The word will be Pre-Greek because of its structure, <b class="b3">κονδ-υλ-</b>. It may continue <b class="b3">*κανδυλος</b> with [[ο]] < [[α]] before [[υ]].

|ftr='''κόνδυλος''': {kóndŭlos}<br />'''Grammar''': m.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Knöchel]], [[Knochengelenk]], [[geballte Faust]], [[Wulst des Zahnfleisches]] (ion. att.).<br />'''Composita''': Als Hinterglied z. B. in μονο-, [[δικόνδυλος]] (Arist.).<br />'''Derivative''': Davon [[κονδυλώδης]] ‘κ.-artig, knollig’, [[κονδύλωμα]], -σις [[harte Anschwellung]], [[Schwulst]], [[Verhärtung]] (Hp. u. a.), [[κονδυλωτός]] ‘mit κ. versehen’ (att. Inschr. IV^a), kaum über [[κονδυλόομαι]] ‘κ. erhalten, anschwellen’ (Aspasia ap. Aët., H.). — [[κονδυλίζω]] ‘mit der Faust (ins Gesicht) schlagen, ohrfeigen, mißhandeln’ (Hyp., [[LXX]] usw.) mit [[κονδυλισμός]] (LXX u. a.).<br />'''Etymology''': Andere Körperteilbenennungen auf -υλος sind [[δάκτυλος]], [[σφόνδυλος]] (vgl. Güntert Reimwortbildungen 116ff.); der Stamm erscheint in [[κόνδοι]]· ἀστράγαλοι H. Auswärtige Beziehungen sind ganz unsicher oder abzulehnen: aind. ''kanda''- m. [[Knollenwurzel]], ''kandúka''- m. [[Spielball]], ''kanduka''- n. [[Kissen]] (vgl. Mayrhofer s. vv., der dravidische Herkunft erwägt); lit. ''kánduolas'' [[Kern]] (zu ''kándu'', ''ką́sti'' [[beißen]]; s. Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. v. m. Lit.). Ältere Lit. bei Bq und WP. 1, 390.<br />'''Page''' 1,911