φθονέω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=aor. ἐφθόνησα, later<br><span class="bld">A</span> ἐφθόνεσα [[LXX]] ''To.''4.7, ''JHS''46.45 (Athens, iii/iv A.D.), ''AP''5.303, 7.607 (Pall.), [[Nonnus Epicus|Nonn.]] ''[[Dionysiaca|D.]]'' 3.159:—Med., fut. in pass. sense φθονήσομαι D.47.70:—Pass., fut φθονηθήσομαι X.''Hier.''11.15: aor. ἐφθονήθην E.''El.''30, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''4.2.33, etc.: pf. part. ἐφθονημένος J.''AJ''6.11.10, Vett.Val.330.2: ([[φθόνος]]):—[[bear ill-will]] or [[bear malice]], [[bear a grudge]], [[be envious]] or [[be jealous]],<br><span class="bld">I</span> abs., εἴ περ γὰρ φθονέω τε καὶ οὐκ εἰῶ διαπέρσαι, οὐκ ἀνύω φθονέουσα Il.4.55,56; <b class="b3">κρείττων δόξα τῶν φθονούντων</b> too high for [[envy]], D.3.24; <b class="b3">εἰ πέφυκε φθονεῖν τὸ θεῖον</b> (cf. [[φθονερός]] 1.2) [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Metaphysics|Metaph.]]''982b32: c. acc. etinf., <b class="b3">οὔτε τινὰ φθονέω δόμεναι</b> I do not [[grudge]] that any should give thee, Od. 18.16; οὐ φθονῶ σ' ὑπεκφυγεῖν S.''Ant.''553; τὸ μὲν σὸν οὐ φθονῶ καλῶς ἔχειν E.''Med.''312; ἐφθόνησαν [οἱ θεοὶ] ἄνδρα ἕνα βασιλεῦσαι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.109; [[ἔφη]] (''[[sc.]]'' <b class="b3">ὁ Σωκράτης</b>) φθονεῖν τοῦς ἐπὶ ταῖς φίλων εὐπραξίαις ἀνιωμένους [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''3.9.8; ὁ φθονῶν ἐπὶ κακοῖς τοῖς τῶν πέλας ἡδόμενος Pl.''Phlb.''48b.<br><span class="bld">2</span> c. dat. pers., πτωχὸς πτωχῷ φθονέει καὶ ἀοιδὸς ἀοιδῷ Hes.''Op.''26; οὐ φ. ἀγαθοῖς Pi. ''P.''3.71; φ. φασὶ μητρυιὰς τέκνοις E.''Ion''1025; τισὶ φ. καὶ δυσμενῶς ἔχειν Isoc.12.241, cf. 8.13; freq. with part. added, <b class="b3">φ. τινὶ εὖ πρήσσοντι</b> to [[envy]] him for his good fortune, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.236,237; παιδικοῖς φ. οὐσίαν κεκτημένοις [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''240a, cf. Lys.27.11; without a Noun expressed, <b class="b3">καλῶς πράττουσι, πλουτοῦντι φ.</b>, Isoc.1.26, Lys.21.15, etc.: c. dat. rei, φ. τοῖς ἀγαθοῖς τινος [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''2.4.10 ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[ἐπὶ τοῖς ἀγ]]., cf. Isoc. 1.26; ἐφ' οἷς ἕτεροι ποιήσαντες ἐτιμήθησαν φ. D.20.151): c. gen. rei, τοῦ εὐτυχέειν φθονέουσι καὶ τὸ κρέσσον στυγέουσι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.236; <b class="b3">οὐδέ τί σε χρὴ ἀλλοτρίων φθονέειν</b> to [[be envious]] because of other men's goods Od.18.18: c. dat. pers. et gen. rei, [[bear a grudge]] against a person on account of a thing, E.''HF''1309.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[resent]], c. gen., τῆς δοκήσεως τῶν κερδῶν Th.3.43: c. dat. rei, [[feel righteous indignation at]], ταῖς εὐπραγίαις τινῶν Isoc.8.124; also c. dat. pers., Id.4.184, D.28.18.<br><span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">φθονέω τινὶ</b> followed by ει... or [[ἐάν]] . . [[take it ill]] or [[take it amiss]] that... [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.146, X.''HG''2.4.29; <b class="b3">μή μοι φθονήσητ', ει</b> . . [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''496: abs., <b class="b3">φθονέω ἐάν τις</b> . . Lys.3.9; <b class="b3">φθονεῖς ἄπαις οὖσ', εἰ</b> . . E.''Ion''1302; also <b class="b3">φθονέω τινὶ ὅτι</b>... [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''3.1.39; <b class="b3">φθονέω ὅτι</b> . . Lys. 24.3, dub.l. in 18.16.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[refuse from feelings of envy]] or [[ill-will]], [[grudge]], c. inf., οὐκ ἂν φθονέοιμι ἀγορεῦσαι Od.11.381; μὴ φθόνει κιρνάμεν Pi.''I.''5(4).24; φράσαι E.''Med.''63; σαυτὸν ἐπιδοῦναι Ar.''Th.''249; <b class="b3">μὴ φθονήσῃς</b> is freq. in dialogue, [[do not refuse]] to do a thing, μὴ φ. διδάξαι Pl.''R.''338a, cf. ''Hp.Mi.''372e, ''Smp.'' 223a; also μὴ φθόνει μοι ἀποκρίνασθαι Id.''Grg.''489a; <b class="b3">μὴ φθονήσῃς</b> alone, Id.''Prt.''320c; δῆλον ὅτι οὐ φθονήσει Ἱππίας ἀποκρίνεσθαι Id.''Hp.Mi.''363c; οὐδενὶ πώποτε ἐφθόνησα Id.''Ap.''33a: c. part., μηδέ μοι φθόνει λέγων A.''Th.''480 ([[nisi legendum|nisi leg.]] [[λόγων]]): c. acc. et inf., τί φθονέεις . . ἀοιδὸν τέρπειν; Od.1.346: c. dat. et inf., τῇ δ' οὐκ ἂν φθονέοιμι . . ἅψασθαι 19.348; οὔτοι φθονῶ σοι δαιμόνων τιμᾶν γένος A.''Th.'' 236.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[grudge]], [[refuse to grant]] a thing, φθονήσας μήτ' ἀπ' οἰωνῶν φάτιν, μήτ' εἴ τινα . . μαντικῆς ἔχεις ὁδόν [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''310: c. dat. pers. et gen. rei, οὔ τοι ἡμιόνων φθονέω Od.6.68; μηδέ μοι φθονήσῃς εὐγμάτων [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''583 (lyr.), cf. E.''Hec.''238; μή μοι φθονήσῃς τοῦ μαθήματος Pl.''Euthd.''297b, cf. [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.4.16; φ. τοῖς ἑαλωκόσι τῆς σωτηρίας Plb.6.58.5: c. gen. rei only, to [[be grudging of]] a thing, [[πέπλων]], [[καρποῦ]], E.''HF''333, Pl.''Mx.''238a; <b class="b3">μηδ' ὀλίγης φθονέσῃς γαίης</b> ''JHS'' l. c.<br><span class="bld">III</span> Pass., to [[be envied]] or [[begrudged]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.52, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Fragments|Fr.]]''188, E.''El.''30; διὰ σοφίαν φ. ὑπό τινος [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''4.2.33; ἐπ' ἐσθλοῖς E.''Fr.'' 814 (lyr.); φθονηθέντα ὑπὸ Μοίρης ''JRS''18.30 (Phrygia): c. gen., to [[be grudged]] a thing, φ. τοῦ γάμου ὑπὸ δαιμονίου τινός Plu.2.772b.