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φιλοτιμία: Difference between revisions
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|Transliteration C=filotimia | |Transliteration C=filotimia | ||
|Beta Code=filotimi/a | |Beta Code=filotimi/a | ||
|Definition=Ion. [[φιλοτιμίη]], ἡ, < | |Definition=Ion. [[φιλοτιμίη]], ἡ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[love of honour]] or [[love of distinction]], [[ambition]], freq. in bad sense in early writers, Pi.''Fr.''210, E.''IA''527, Ar.''Th.''383, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Nicomachean Ethics|EN]]''1125b22; κακίστη δαιμόνων Φ. E.''Ph.'' 532; [[ἄκαιρος]] Isoc.''Ep.''2.9; [[πλεονεξία]] καὶ φιλοτιμία Th.3.82; with [[φιλονικία]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''860e; also in good sense, Isoc.5.110, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''3.3.13, ''Hier.''7.3, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 553c: the object is added in gen., <b class="b3">φιλοτιμία τῶν καλῶν</b> ib.555a, cf. [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.1.35; also φ. ἐπὶ τοῖς καλοῖς [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Symposium|Smp.]]'' 178d; <b class="b3">ὑπὲρ τῶν ὅλων, περί τι</b>, Plb.1.52.4, 5.71.6; πρὸς τὰ καλά Id.6.55.4, cf. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''834b; but <b class="b3">φιλοτιμία πρός τινα</b> [[ambitious rivalry]] with him, ἡ πρὸς ἀλλήλους φιλοτιμία καὶ στάσις Plb.4.87.7 (but <b class="b3">αἱ πρὸς σφᾶς αὐτοὺς φ.</b> is [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] for [[φιλονικίαι]] (ap.Stob.) in Isoc.3.18); <b class="b3">φ. ἐμβάλλειν τινί, ὅπως</b>.. [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.1.39: freq. with Preps., διὰ φιλοτιμίαν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 586c, Isoc.5.86, etc.; φιλοτιμίας ἕνεκα Lys.19.56; ὑπὸ φιλοτιμίας [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''257c, etc.; simply φιλοτιμίᾳ D.2.18; φ. τινὶ καὶ φιλονεικίᾳ Plu.2.856a: pl., [[φιλοτιμίαι]] = [[jealousy|jealousies]], [[rivalry|rivalries]], κατ' ἰδίας φ. Th.8.89; φιλονικίαι καὶ φιλοτιμίαι [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 548c, etc.; αἱ φιλοτιμίαι τῶν συγγραφέων [[party-feelings]], Plb.3.21.10.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[conceited obstinacy]], ἡ φιλοτιμία κτῆμα σκαιόν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.53; ὑπὸ φιλοτιμίας, ἣν ὀνομάζουσιν οἱ νῦν Ἕλληνες [[κενοδοξία]]ν Gal.6.415.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[ambitious display]], [[ostentation]], πλούτου Lys.33.2: but freq.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[lavish outlay for public purposes]], [[munificence]], ἡ πρὸς ὑμᾶς φιλοτιμία Aeschin.3.19, cf. ''[[Oxyrhynchus Papyri|POxy.]]'' 1153.16 (i A. D.), ''Dacia'' 1.273 (Tomi), ''BCH''51.99 (Panamara), etc.: pl., [[occasions for munificence]], Plu.''Nic.''3.<br><span class="bld">II</span> the object coveted, [[honour]], [[distinction]], [[credit]], ἔστιν τὸ γράμμα ἐκείνῳ μὲν φ. πρὸς ὑμᾶς D.20.69; φιλοτιμίαν παρέχειν τινί X.''Hier.''1.27; <b class="b3">ἐκείνῳ ἔχει φ.</b> is to his [[credit]], D.2.3; ψευδῆ φιλοτιμίαν κτᾶται Aeschin.3.45; ἑνὶ τὴν φ. συνεχώρησεν Plu. ''Phoc.''20; both in sg. and pl., <b class="b3">ἀποστερεῖσθαι τῆς φιλοτιμίας</b> or <b class="b3">τῶν φιλοτιμιῶν</b>, D.24.210, 19.223, cf. 24.91 (pl.); <b class="b3">στέφανος φιλοτιμίας διὰ βίου</b>, as an [[honour]], ''Rev.Arch.''22(1925).62 (Callatis); <b class="b3">φιλοτιμίας χρυσίον</b> [[charitable]] [[fund]], ib.34(1931).347 (Stobi).<br><span class="bld">III</span> punningly, [[the conduct of one Philotimus]], Cic.''Att.''6.9.2, 7.1.1. | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1287.png Seite 1287]] ἡ, das Wesen, die Sinnesart des [[φιλότιμος]], Ehrliebe, Ehrgeiz, Wetteifer, alle daraus entspringenden Eigenschaften, Neigungen, Leidenschaften, eifrige und angestrengte Bemühung, auch Prunksucht, Prahlerei; rühmlich, φιλοτιμίαν ἔχει αὐτῷ, es ist für ihn rühmlich, Dem. 2, 3; der [[δόξα]] entsprechend, 16, ἡ ἀπὸ τούτων [[φιλοτιμία]], der Ruhm davon, 2, 16; auch Freigebigkeit, τὰς πατρῴας οὐσίας εἰς τὴν πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἀνήλωκε φιλοτιμίαν Aesch. 3, 19, vgl. Dem. 20, 82; Plut. oft; – getadelt, Her. 3, 53; τί τῆς κακίστης δαιμόνων ἐφίεσαι, φιλοτιμίας Eur. Phoen. 535; φιλοτιμίᾳ ἐνέχεται I. A. 527; Ar. Th 383 Plut. 192; Plat. oft, ἐπὶ τοῖς καλοῖς Conv. 178 d; [[φιλοτιμία]] καὶ [[ἐπιθυμία]] τοῦ λαμβάνειν Xen. Cyr. 8, 1,35; Pol. u. Sp. | |ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1287.png Seite 1287]] ἡ, das [[Wesen]], die [[Sinnesart]] des [[φιλότιμος]], [[Ehrliebe]], [[Ehrgeiz]], [[Wetteifer]], alle daraus entspringenden [[Eigenschaften]], [[Neigungen]], [[Leidenschaften]], eifrige und angestrengte [[Bemühung]], auch [[Prunksucht]], [[Prahlerei]]; [[rühmlich]], φιλοτιμίαν ἔχει αὐτῷ, es ist für ihn rühmlich, Dem. 2, 3; der [[δόξα]] [[entsprechend]], 16, ἡ ἀπὸ τούτων [[φιλοτιμία]], der Ruhm davon, 2, 16; auch [[Freigebigkeit]], τὰς πατρῴας οὐσίας εἰς τὴν πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἀνήλωκε φιλοτιμίαν Aesch. 3, 19, vgl. Dem. 20, 82; Plut. oft; – getadelt, Her. 3, 53; τί τῆς κακίστης δαιμόνων ἐφίεσαι, φιλοτιμίας Eur. Phoen. 535; φιλοτιμίᾳ ἐνέχεται I. A. 527; Ar. Th 383 Plut. 192; Plat. oft, ἐπὶ τοῖς καλοῖς Conv. 178 d; [[φιλοτιμία]] καὶ [[ἐπιθυμία]] τοῦ λαμβάνειν Xen. Cyr. 8, 1,35; Pol. u. Sp. | ||
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|btext=ας (ἡ) :<br /><b>I.</b> [[amour de l'honneur]], [[ambition]], [[recherche des honneurs]] ; <i>adv.</i> | |btext=ας (ἡ) :<br /><b>I.</b> [[amour de l'honneur]], [[ambition]], [[recherche des honneurs]] ; <i>adv.</i> • [[φιλοτιμίαν]] XÉN, • [[φιλοτιμίᾳ]] DÉM [[par ambition]] ; φιλοτιμίαν φιλοτιμεῖσθαι LUC avoir de l'ambition ; <i>au pl.</i> αἱ φιλοτιμίαι agissements <i>ou</i> desseins ambitieux;<br /><b>II. 1</b> [[rivalité]], [[jalousie]] : [[φιλοτιμία]] [[πρός]] τινα rivalité à l'égard de qqn;<br /><b>2</b> [[libéralité née de l'ambition]], [[prodigalité par ambition]];<br /><b>3</b> [[sujet d'ambition]] <i>ou</i> [[motif d'ambition]], [[point d'honneur]] ; φιλοτιμίαν ἔχειν τινί DÉM apporter de l'honneur à qqn ; φιλοτιμίαν παραχωρεῖν τινι PLUT céder à qqn l'honneur de qch;<br /><b>III.</b> <i>par jeu de mots</i> conduite digne d'un Philotimos.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[φιλότιμος]]. | ||
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|wketx=Philotimo (also spelled filotimo; Greek: [[φιλότιμο]]) is a Greek noun translating to "love of honor". However, [[philotimo]] is almost impossible to translate sufficiently as it describes a complex array of virtues. | |wketx=Philotimo (also spelled filotimo; Greek: [[φιλότιμο]]) is a Greek noun translating to "[[love of honor]]". However, [[philotimo]] is almost impossible to translate sufficiently as it describes a complex array of virtues. | ||
The word is used in early writings, sometimes in a bad sense; Plato's Republic uses philotimon ([[φιλότιμον]]) ironically: "covetous of honor"; other writers use philotimeomai ([[φιλοτιμέομαι]]) in the sense of "lavish upon". However, later uses develop the word in its more noble senses. By the beginning of the Christian era, the word was firmly a positive and its use in the Bible probably cemented its use in modern Greek culture. | The word is used in early writings, sometimes in a bad sense; Plato's Republic uses philotimon ([[φιλότιμον]]) ironically: "covetous of honor"; other writers use philotimeomai ([[φιλοτιμέομαι]]) in the sense of "[[lavish]] upon". However, later uses develop the word in its more noble senses. By the beginning of the Christian era, the word was firmly a positive and its use in the Bible probably cemented its use in modern Greek culture. | ||
The word philotimon is used extensively in Hellenistic period literature. | The word philotimon is used extensively in Hellenistic period literature. | ||
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Children are said to display philotimo when they display unconditional love and respect towards their parents, grandparents and friends, even through small actions such as expressions of gratitude for small gifts or random acts of kindness. It extends to include appreciation and admiration for heritage and ancestors. The concept was used to embody the assistance rendered to Allied soldiers on Crete after the Axis invasion of the island; locals felt driven by philotimo to hide Australians and Britons despite the death penalty for sheltering soldiers. | Children are said to display philotimo when they display unconditional love and respect towards their parents, grandparents and friends, even through small actions such as expressions of gratitude for small gifts or random acts of kindness. It extends to include appreciation and admiration for heritage and ancestors. The concept was used to embody the assistance rendered to Allied soldiers on Crete after the Axis invasion of the island; locals felt driven by philotimo to hide Australians and Britons despite the death penalty for sheltering soldiers. | ||
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|lthtxt=''[[ambitio]]'', [[ambition]], [[canvassing]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.65.7/ 2.65.7], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.82.8/ 3.82.8], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.89.3/ 8.89.3]. | |||
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