δωρεά: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ion. [[δωρεή]], ἡ: [[δωρειά]] in earlier Attic Inscrr., IG12.77, al., [[δωρεά]] first in ib.22.1.68:—<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[gift]], [[present]], esp. [[bounty]] ( = [[δόσις]] [[ἀναπόδοτος]] Arist.Top.125a18), Hdt.2.140; δωρεὰν [[διδόναι]] Id.6.130, A.Pr.340; [[πορεῖν]] ib.616; [[δωρεῖσθαι]] Pl.Plt.290c; δωρεὰν [[δέχεσθαι]], δωρεὰν [[λαμβάνειν]], Isoc.6.31, 15.40; ironically, θάνατόν τινι δωρεὰν [[ἀποδοῦναι]] Antipho 5.34; δωρεὰν ἔχειν S.Aj.1032, D.18.312; ἐν χάριτος μέρει καὶ δωρειᾶς D.21.165; δωρειὰν καὶ [[χάρις|χάριν]] ib.172, cf. Pl.Lg.844d; of a [[legacy]], D.27.41, 65; [[δωρεαί]] = [[privilege]]s and [[immunity|immunities]], opp. [[δῶρον|δῶρα]], [[gift]]s in [[cash]] or [[kind]], Philostr.VS2.10.4.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[estate]] [[grant]]ed by a [[king]], [[fief]], Phoenicid. 4.7, PSI5.511.4, 518.2 (iii B.C.).<br><span class="bld">II</span> acc. [[δωρεάν]] as adverb, [[as a free gift]], [[freely]], Hdt.5.23, prob. in And.1.4; μηδένα μηδὲν δωρεὰν [[πράττειν]] = no one should [[do]] anything [[gratis]] Plb. 18.34.7, cf. [[LXX]] Jb.1.9; δωρεὰν [[λειτουργεῖν]] Test.Epict.4.27, cf. Inscr.Prien. 4.17 (iv B.C.); so κατὰ δωρεάν IG7.2711.13, al. (Acraeph., i A. D.); ἐν δωρεᾷ προσνεῖμαι Plb.22.5.4; but [[γῆ]]ν ([[ἀμπελών|ἀμπελῶνα]], etc.) [[ἐν δωρεᾷ ἔχειν]] = to [[hold]] [[land]] by a [[royal]] [[grant]], PRev. Laws 36.15 (iii B.C.), cf. 43.11, 44.3.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[to no purpose]], [[for naught]], Ep.Gal.2.21.

|elrutext='''δωρεά:''' ион. [[δωρεή]] ἡ<br /><b class="num">1)</b> [[дар]], [[подарок]], [[подношение]], Aesch., Soph., Lys., Isocr., Plat., Arst., Dem.: ἐν δωρεᾷ Polyb. и δωρεάν Her., Dem., Polyb. в виде дара или даром, но δωρεὰν ἀπέθανεν NT он напрасно умер, т. е. его смерть не принесла пользы;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> pl. юр. дарение, завещание Dem.

|txtha=δωρεᾶς, ἡ ([[δίδωμι]]); from (Aeschyh and) [[Herodotus]] down; a [[gift]]: ἡ [[χάρις]] ἐδόθη [[κατά]] τό [[μέτρον]] τῆς δωρεᾶς [[τοῦ]] Χριστοῦ, according to the [[measure]] in [[which]] Christ gave it, [[τοῦ]] ἁγίου πνεύματος, δικαιοσύνης, L WH Tr marginal [[reading]] brackets τῆς δωρεᾶς); τῆς [[χάριτος]] [[τοῦ]] Θεοῦ, [[δωρεάν]] ([[properly]], as a [[gift]], [[gift]]-[[wise]] (cf. Winer's Grammar, 230 (216); Buttmann, 153 (134))) is used adverbially; the Sept. for חִנָּם;<br /><b class="num">a.</b> [[freely]], for [[naught]], [[gratis]], [[gratuitously]]: [[Polybius]] 18,17, 7; [[δωρεάν]] [[ἄνευ]] ἀργυρίου, [[without]] [[just]] [[cause]], [[unnecessarily]]: Symm. [[ἀναιτίως]]); so the Latin gratuitus: Livy 2,42 gratuitus furor, Seneca, epistles 105,3 ([[book]] xviii., [[epistle]] 2, § 3) [[odium]] aut est ex offensa ... aut gratuitum). (Synonym: [[see]] [[δόμα]], at the [[end]].)

|mdlsjtxt=<br /><b class="num">I.</b> a [[gift]], [[present]], esp. a [[free]] [[gift]], [[bounty]], Lat. [[beneficium]], Hdt., Aesch., etc.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> acc. δωρεάν as adv., as a [[free]] [[gift]], [[freely]], Lat. [[gratis]], Hdt.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> to no [[purpose]], in [[vain]], NTest.