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παγκράτιον: Difference between revisions
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|Transliteration C=pagkration | |Transliteration C=pagkration | ||
|Beta Code=pagkra/tion | |Beta Code=pagkra/tion | ||
|Definition=τό, ([[παγκρατής]]) < | |Definition=τό, ([[παγκρατής]])<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[pankration]], [[all-in contest in boxing and wrestling]], Xenoph.2.5, Pi.N.5.52, al., [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.105, IG5(1).658.14 ([[Sparta]]), 7.1765 ([[Thespiae]]), etc.; π. νικᾶν Th.5.49; π. μάχεσθαι Ar.V.1191; ὁ π. ἠσκηκώς Pl.Lg.795b.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[sea daffodil]], [[Pancratium maritimum]], Dsc.2.172, Plin.HN27.92.<br><span class="bld">2</span> = [[στοιχάς]] ([[Lavandula stoechas]], [[Spanish lavender]], [[topped lavender]], [[French lavender]]), Ps.-Dsc.3.26.<br><span class="bld">3</span> v. [[πάγκρανον]] ([[deadly carrot]], [[Thapsia garganica]]). | ||
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{{pape | {{pape | ||
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0436.png Seite 436]] τό, der All-, Gesammtkampf, eine | |ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0436.png Seite 436]] τό, der All-, Gesammtkampf, eine Übung, welche das Ringen, [[πάλη]], u. den Faustkampf, [[πυγμή]], verband (s. das Vorige); Pind. N. 3 u. 5 I. 3, 4, 5 feiern Siege in diesem Kampfe; μεγαυχεῖ παγκρατίῳ ἐστεφάνωσεν, N. 11, 21; Ar. Vesp. 1191; τῇ τοῦ παγκρατίου μάχῃ, Plat. Legg. VIII, 834 a; ὁ [[τελέως]] [[παγκράτιον]] ἠσκηκώς, VII, 795 b; Sp., wie Luc. u. Plut., vgl. Symp. 2, 4. – Bei Diosc. auch Pflanzenname. | ||
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{{bailly | {{bailly | ||
|btext=ου (τό) :<br />pancrace, combat gymnique comprenant la lutte ([[πάλη]]) et le pugilat ([[πυγμή]]).<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[πᾶς]], [[κράτος]]. | |btext=ου (τό) :<br />pancrace, combat gymnique comprenant la lutte ([[πάλη]]) et le pugilat ([[πυγμή]]).<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[πᾶς]], [[κράτος]]. | ||
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{{elru | |||
|elrutext='''παγκράτιον:''' (ρᾰ) τό [[панкратий]], [[всеборье]] (в котором совмещались [[πάλη]] - борьба и [[πυγμή]] - кулачный бой) Her., Thuc., Plat., Arph. etc. | |||
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|lstext='''παγκράτιον''': τό, ([[παγκρατής]]), [[πλήρης]] [[ἀγών]], ἄσκησις τῶν Ἑλλήνων νέων περιλαμβάνουσα τήν τε πάλην καὶ τὴν πυγμήν, (ὁ θλίβειν καὶ κατέχειν δυνάμενος, [[παλαιστικός]]· ὁ δὲ ὦσαι τῇ πληγῇ, [[πυκτικός]]· ὁ δ’ ἀμφοτέροις τούτοις, [[παγκρατιαστικός]], Ἀριστ. Ρητ. 1. 5, 14), Ξενοφάν, 2 (5). 3 Bgk, Ἡρόδ. 9. 105, καὶ συχν. παρὰ Πινδ. [[ὅστις]] ἐξύμνησε πολλὰς νίκας εἰς τὸ [[παγκράτιον]] ἐν τοῖς Νεμεονίκαις αὑτοῦ καὶ Ἰσθμιονίκαις, π. [[νικᾶν]] Θουκ. 5. 49· π. μάχεσθαι Ἀριστοφ. Σφ. 1191· ὁ π. ἠσκηκὼς Πλάτ. Νόμ. 795Β συχν. ἐν τῇ Συλλ. Ἐπιγρ., ὡς 1421, 1590, κ. ἀλλ. ΙΙ. [[φυτόν]] τι, scilla maritima, Διοσκ. 2. 203. | |||
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{{Slater | {{Slater | ||
|sltr=<b>παγκρᾰτιον</b> (-ίου, -ίῳ.) | |sltr=<b>παγκρᾰτιον</b> (-ίου, -ίῳ.) pankration, [[all]]-in [[wrestling]] [[ἐρέω]] ταύταν [[χάριν]], τὰν δ' ἔπειτ [[ἀνδρῶν]] μάχας ἐκ παγκρατίου (O. 8.59) ὦ Τιμόδημε, σὲ δ' ἀλκὰ παγκκρατίου [[τλάθυμος]] ἀέξει (N. 2.15) ἐν περισθενεῖ μαλαχθεὶς παγκρατίου στόλῳ (N. 3.17) Λάμπωνος υἱὸς Πυθέας εὐρυσθενὴς [[νίκη]] Νεμείοις παγκρατίου στέφανον (N. 5.5) πύκταν τέ νιν καὶ παγκρατίῳ φθέγξαι [[ἑλεῖν]] Ἐπιδαύρῳ διπλόαν νικῶντ' ἀρετάν ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] παγκρατίου) (N. 5.52) Ἀρισταγόραν ἀγλααὶ νῖκαι ἐστεφάνωσαν πάλᾳ καὶ μεγαυχεῖ παγκρατίῳ (N. 11.21) κεῖνον ἅψαι πυρσὸν ὕμνων καὶ Μελίσσῳ, παγκρατίου στεφάνωμ' ἐπάξιον (I. 4.44) τὶν δ' ἐν Ἰσθμῷ διπλόα θάλλοισ ἀρετά, Φυλακίδα, κεῖται παγκρατίου (I. 5.19) ἄραντο γὰρ νίκας ἀπὸ παγκρατίου (N. 6.60) φέρει γὰρ [[Ἰσθμοῖ]] νίκαν παγκρατίου (I. 7.22) ἁλίκων τῶ [[τις]] ἁβρὸν ἀμφὶ παγκρατίου Κλεάνδρῳ πλεκέτω μυρσίνας στέφανον (I. 8.66) | ||
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{{grml | {{grml | ||
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{{lsm | {{lsm | ||
|lsmtext='''παγκράτιον:''' τό (παγκρᾰτής), [[πλήρης]] [[αγώνας]], [[αγώνισμα]] που περιλαμβάνει [[πάλη]] και [[πυγμαχία]] ([[πάλη]] και [[πυγμή]]), σε Ηρόδ., Πίνδ. κ.λπ. | |lsmtext='''παγκράτιον:''' τό (παγκρᾰτής), [[πλήρης]] [[αγώνας]], [[αγώνισμα]] που περιλαμβάνει [[πάλη]] και [[πυγμαχία]] ([[πάλη]] και [[πυγμή]]), σε Ηρόδ., Πίνδ. κ.λπ. | ||
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{{mdlsj | {{mdlsj | ||
|mdlsjtxt=[[παγκράτιον]], ου, τό, [παγκρᾰτής]<br />a [[complete]] [[contest]], an [[exercise]] [[which]] combined [[both]] [[wrestling]] and [[boxing]] ([[πάλη]] and [[πυγμή]]), Hdt., Pind., etc. | |mdlsjtxt=[[παγκράτιον]], ου, τό, [παγκρᾰτής]<br />a [[complete]] [[contest]], an [[exercise]] [[which]] combined [[both]] [[wrestling]] and [[boxing]] ([[πάλη]] and [[πυγμή]]), Hdt., Pind., etc. | ||
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= | {{wkpen | ||
Pankration (/pænˈkreɪtiɒn, -ˈkreɪʃən/; Greek: παγκράτιον) was a sporting event introduced into the Greek Olympic Games in 648 BC and was an empty-hand submission sport with scarcely any rules. The athletes used boxing and wrestling techniques, but also others, such as kicking and holds, locks and chokes on the ground. The only things not acceptable were biting, striking the groin, and gouging out the opponent's eyes. | |wketx=Pankration (/pænˈkreɪtiɒn, -ˈkreɪʃən/; Greek: παγκράτιον) was a sporting event introduced into the Greek Olympic Games in 648 BC and was an empty-hand submission sport with scarcely any rules. The athletes used boxing and wrestling techniques, but also others, such as kicking and holds, locks and chokes on the ground. The only things not acceptable were biting, striking the groin, and gouging out the opponent's eyes. | ||
[[File:Pankration panathenaic amphora BM VaseB610.jpg|thumb|Pankration panathenaic amphora|alt=Pankration panathenaic amphora BM VaseB610.jpg]] | [[File:Pankration panathenaic amphora BM VaseB610.jpg|thumb|Pankration panathenaic amphora|alt=Pankration panathenaic amphora BM VaseB610.jpg]] | ||
The term comes from the Greek παγκράτιον, literally meaning "all of power" from πᾶν (pan) "all" and κράτος (kratos) "strength, might, power". | The term comes from the Greek παγκράτιον, literally meaning "all of power" from πᾶν (pan) "all" and κράτος (kratos) "strength, might, power". | ||
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By the Imperial Period, the Romans had adopted the Greek combat sport (spelled in Latin as pancratium) into their Games. In 393 A.D., the pankration, along with gladiatorial combat and all pagan festivals, was abolished by edict by the Christian Byzantine Emperor Theodosius I. Pankration itself was an event in the Olympic Games for some 1,400 years. | By the Imperial Period, the Romans had adopted the Greek combat sport (spelled in Latin as pancratium) into their Games. In 393 A.D., the pankration, along with gladiatorial combat and all pagan festivals, was abolished by edict by the Christian Byzantine Emperor Theodosius I. Pankration itself was an event in the Olympic Games for some 1,400 years. | ||
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Le [[pancrace]] (grec ancien : παγκράτιον pankrátion) est un sport de combat grec, permettant au temps des Jeux olympiques antiques quasiment toutes les techniques. Il était interdit d'introduire quoi que ce soit dans le corps de l'adversaire (exemples : le doigt dans | {{wkpfr | ||
= | |wkfrtx=Le [[pancrace]] (grec ancien: παγκράτιον pankrátion) est un sport de combat grec, permettant au temps des Jeux olympiques antiques quasiment toutes les techniques. Il était interdit d'introduire quoi que ce soit dans le corps de l'adversaire (exemples: le doigt dans l'œil ou dans la bouche) et d'en extraire quoi que ce soit (exemples: tirer l'oreille ou les parties génitales), ce qui en fait un sport très technique, mais pas le plus dur: le pugilat était en effet réputé plus violent. De grands champions olympiques de cette époque ont marqué l'histoire comme Polydamas de Skotoussa qui fut champion olympique en 408 av. J.-C., Théagène de Thassos, ou encore Milon de Crotone. Le lutteur de pancrace est appelé pancratiaste. | ||
Das [[Pankration]] (griechisch παγκράτιον „Allkampf, Gesamtkampf“; gesprochen „Pankrátion“, von griechisch pan „alles“, kratos „Kraft“) bezeichnet eine Kampfkunst bei den altgriechischen Festspielen, die erstmals 648 v. Chr. bei den 33. Olympischen Spielen nachweisbar ist. Nach dem Scholiast zu Pindar wurde das Pankration vom mythologischen Theseus erfunden, als er ohne Waffen gegen den Minotaurus kämpfen musste. | }} | ||
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Il [[pancrazio]] è un antico sport da combattimento, un agone atletico, che faceva parte dell'atletica pesante di origine greca antica e consisteva in un misto di lotta e pugilato. Il termine in greco antico: παγκράτιον, pankrátion, significa ‘tutta forza’, da πᾶς pâs (in combinazione πᾶν pân) ‘tutto’ e κράτος krátos ‘potere, forza’, ad indicare che il lottatore sconfiggeva il suo avversario utilizzando tutta la sua forza e tutte le parti del corpo, con ogni tecnica a mano nuda ammessa, tranne togliere gli occhi all'avversario. | |wkdetx=Das [[Pankration]] (griechisch παγκράτιον „Allkampf, Gesamtkampf“; gesprochen „Pankrátion“, von griechisch pan „alles“, kratos „Kraft“) bezeichnet eine Kampfkunst bei den altgriechischen Festspielen, die erstmals 648 v. Chr. bei den 33. Olympischen Spielen nachweisbar ist. Nach dem Scholiast zu Pindar wurde das Pankration vom mythologischen Theseus erfunden, als er ohne Waffen gegen den Minotaurus kämpfen musste. | ||
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Pancrácio (em grego: Παγκράτιον; transl.: Pankrátion) foi uma antiga arte marcial e antigo desporto de combate sem armas, que segundo a mitologia grega teve início com os heróis Héracles e Teseu.. Uma mistura de boxe clássico e luta olímpica com golpes e técnicas de lutas que incluem socos, chutes, cotoveladas, joelhadas, cabeçadas, estrangulamentos, agarramentos, quedas, arremessos, derrubadas, imobilizações, torções, chaves e travamento das articulações. | {{wkpit | ||
== | |wkittx=Il [[pancrazio]] è un antico sport da combattimento, un agone atletico, che faceva parte dell'atletica pesante di origine greca antica e consisteva in un misto di lotta e pugilato. Il termine in greco antico: παγκράτιον, pankrátion, significa ‘tutta forza’, da πᾶς pâs (in combinazione πᾶν pân) ‘tutto’ e κράτος krátos ‘potere, forza’, ad indicare che il lottatore sconfiggeva il suo avversario utilizzando tutta la sua forza e tutte le parti del corpo, con ogni tecnica a mano nuda ammessa, tranne togliere gli occhi all'avversario. | ||
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|wkpttx=Pancrácio (em grego: Παγκράτιον; transl.: Pankrátion) foi uma antiga arte marcial e antigo desporto de combate sem armas, que segundo a mitologia grega teve início com os heróis Héracles e Teseu.. Uma mistura de boxe clássico e luta olímpica com golpes e técnicas de lutas que incluem socos, chutes, cotoveladas, joelhadas, cabeçadas, estrangulamentos, agarramentos, quedas, arremessos, derrubadas, imobilizações, torções, chaves e travamento das articulações. | |||
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{{mantoulidis | |||
|mantxt=(=[[ἀγώνισμα]] πάλης καί πυγμαχίας). Ἀπό τό [[παγκρατής]] (=[[παντοδύναμος]]) [[πᾶς]] + [[κράτος]].<br><b>Παράγωγα:</b> [[παγκρατιάζω]], [[παγκρατιαστής]], [[παγκρατιαστικός]], [[παγκρατευτής]] καί γιά ἄλλα παράγωγα δές στό [[ρῆμα]] [[κρατέω]] -ῶ. | |||
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{{lxth | |||
|lthtxt=''[[pancratium]]'', [[pancratium]] (Greek athletic contest), [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.49.1/ 5.49.1]. | |||
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{{trml | |||
|trtx====[[pankration]]=== | |||
ast: Pancraciu; az: Pankration; be: Панкратыён; bg: Панкратион; ca: Pancraci; cs: Pankrátion; da: Pankration; de: Pankration; el: Παγκράτιο; en: Pankration; es: Pancracio; et: Pankraation; eu: Pankration; fa: پانکریشن; fi: Pankration; fr: Pancrace; he: פאנקרטיון; hu: Ókori görög pankráció; id: Pankration; it: Pancrazio; ja: パンクラチオン; ka: პანკრატიონი; ko: 판크라티온; la: Pancration; lt: Pankrationas; mzn: پانکریشن; nl: Pankration; nn: Pankration; no: Pankration; oc: Pancraci; pl: Pankration; pt: Pancrácio; ru: Панкратион; sh: Pankration; simple: Pankration; sk: Pankration; sr: Панкратион; sv: Pankration; uk: Панкратіон; zh: 潘克拉辛 | ast: Pancraciu; az: Pankration; be: Панкратыён; bg: Панкратион; ca: Pancraci; cs: Pankrátion; da: Pankration; de: Pankration; el: Παγκράτιο; en: Pankration; es: Pancracio; et: Pankraation; eu: Pankration; fa: پانکریشن; fi: Pankration; fr: Pancrace; he: פאנקרטיון; hu: Ókori görög pankráció; id: Pankration; it: Pancrazio; ja: パンクラチオン; ka: პანკრატიონი; ko: 판크라티온; la: Pancration; lt: Pankrationas; mzn: پانکریشن; nl: Pankration; nn: Pankration; no: Pankration; oc: Pancraci; pl: Pankration; pt: Pancrácio; ru: Панкратион; sh: Pankration; simple: Pankration; sk: Pankration; sr: Панкратион; sv: Pankration; uk: Панкратіон; zh: 潘克拉辛 | ||
===sea daffodil=== | |||
ar: طيطان بحري; arz: طيطان بحرى; bg: пясъчна лилия; ca: lliri de mar; co: gigliu di mare; de: [[Dünen-Trichternarzisse]]; el: κρίνος της θάλασσας; grc: [[παγκράτιον]]; et: rand-vägilill; eu: itsas lilipa; fa: نرگس دریایی; fi: hietamerinarsissi; fr: lis maritime; he: חבצלת החוף; hy: ծովանարգես; ka: ზღვის შროშანი; la: [[Pancratium maritimum]]; pl: pankracjum nadmorskie; ru: [[панкраций морской]]; sv: strandlilja; tr: kum zambağı | |||
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