ἕτερος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἑτέρα, ἕτερον, only Att.-Ion. with [[ἕτερος]], Dor. [[ἅτερος]] [ᾰ] ''IG''4.914.9 (Epid.), etc. (and Att.in crasis, v.infr.), Aeol. [[ἄτερος]] Alc.41.5, etc.:—but [[ἅτερος]] [ᾱ], Att. crasis for <b class="b3">ὁ ἅτερος</b>, ''Com.Adesp.''14.23 D., al., Ion. [[οὕτερος]] (fr. <b class="b3">ὁ ἕτ</b>-) [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.34, etc., Dor. [[ὥτερος]] Theoc.7.36; neut.<br><span class="bld">A</span> θάτερον A.''Ag.''344, And.2.7, etc., Ion. [[τοὔτερον]] [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.32: pl. [[ἅτεροι]], for <b class="b3">οἱ ἅτεροι</b>, Arist.''Pol.''1255a20; θάτερα S.''El.''345, Th.1.87, etc.; gen. θατέρου S.''Ph.''597, etc., Ion. [[τοὐτέρου]] Semon.7.113, Dor. [[θατέρω]] Ti.Locr.94a, θωτέρω Epich.71 (dub. l.); dat. θατέρῳ [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''778; fem. nom. ἡτέρα ''IG''22.1498.76, 1615.14,87 (iv B.C.), [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''497, Ar.''Lys.''85, 90 codd., Paus.Gr.''Fr.''82; dat. θητέρᾳ [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''782, ''Tr.''272, E.''Hipp.'' 894, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''1365, etc., cf. Paus.Gr. [[l.c.]] (in Mss. sometimes [[θατέρᾳ]]), Ion. [[τἠτέρῃ]] Phoen.5.2.—Later masc. and fem. [[θάτερος]], [[θατέρα]], even with the Art., Men.846, Chrysipp. ap. Paus.Gr.''Fr.''82, Lyc.590, Polem. ''Cyn.''4, Luc.D Mort.26.1 (condemned in ''Pseudol.''29), ''Gp.''14.20.2, etc.; τῶν θατέρων Iamb. ''in Nic.'' p.83 P.; [[θάτερον]] acc. sg. masc., E. ''Ion'' [849].<br><span class="bld">I</span> [[one]] or [[the other of two]], usually c. Art. exc. in Poets; freq. of natural pairs, [[σκαιῇ]] (''[[sc.]]'' χειρὶ) [[ἔγχος]] ἔχων, ἑτέρηφι δὲ λάζετο πέτρον Il.16.734; <b class="b3">τῇ ἑτέρῃ μὲν . . τῇ δ' ἑτέρῃ</b> . . 14.272, cf. X.''Cyn.''10.11; <b class="b3">χειρὶ ἑτέρῃ</b> with [[one]] [[hand]], Il.12.452, Od.10.171 (but <b class="b3">χεὶρ ἑτέρη</b> commonly of the [[left]] hand, v. infr. IV.I); ἑτέροιο διὰ κροτάφοιο Il.4.502; χωλὸς δ' ἕτερον πόδα 2.217, cf. Ar.''Ec.''162, Din.1.82; ἀμφότεραι αἱ γνάθοι, ἢ ἡ ἑτέρα X.''Eq.''1.9; ἐκκοπεὶς τὸν ἕ. τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν D.H.5.23; εἰς γόνυ θάτερον Philostr.''Im.''2.20; of pairs in general, Il.5.258, etc.; <b class="b3">τὴν ἑ. πύλην</b> [[one of the]] two gates, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.156; ὁ ἕ. τῶν στρατηγῶν Th.4.43; τὸ ἕ. τοῖν δυοῖν τειχοῖν Id.7.24: freq. of alternatives presented, τῶνδε τὰ ἕ. ποιέειν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.126; <b class="b3">ἑλοῦ γε θάτερ', ἢ . . ἢ</b> . . S.''El.''345; <b class="b3">τοῖνδ' ἑλοῦ δυοῖν πότμοιν τὸν ἕ.</b> E.''Ph.''952; δυοῖν ἀγαθοῖν τοῦ ἑτέρου τεύξεσθαι Th.4.28; <b class="b3">δυοῖν θάτερα, ἢ . . ἢ</b> . . Pl. ''Tht.''187c; ὅταν δυοῖν καλοῖν θάτερον κάλλιον ᾖ, ἢ τῷ ἑτέρῳ τούτοιν ἢ ἀμφοτέροις ὑπερβάλλον κάλλιόν ἐστιν Id.''Grg.''475a: in plural, [[one of two parties]] or [[one of two sets]], Od.11.258; <b class="b3">τῶν ἕτεροί γε παῖδα κλαύσονται</b> [[one set]] of [[parent]]s, either mine or thine, Il.20.210; δώῃ δ' ἑτέροισί γε νίκην 7.292; ἑτέροισι δὲ κῦδος ἔδωκαν 13.303: freq. with neg., οὐδ' ἕτεροι 11.71.<br><span class="bld">2</span> in double clauses [[ἕτερος]] (in Prose always <b class="b3">ὁ ἕτερος</b>) is generally repeated; <b class="b3">ἑ. μὲν δουρὶ... τῷ δ' ἑ.</b> 21.164; <b class="b3">τὸν ἕ., ἕ. δὲ</b> . . Od. 5.266; ἕ. λευκόν, ἑτέρην δὲ μέλαιναν Il.3.103, etc.: but sometimes omitted in one clause, [ἕτερος μὲν] κακῶν, ἕ. δὲ ἐάων 24.528, cf. 7.420, ''IG''22.1388.46 (prob.), etc.; ἡ μὲν... ἡ δ' ἑτέρη Il.22.149, ''IG''12.76.50; <b class="b3">ἕ.... ὁ δὲ</b> . . Od.8.374; answered by ἄλλος, ἕτερον μὲν κεύθῃ ἐνὶ φρεσίν, ἄλλο δὲ εἴπῃ Il.9.313, cf. Od.7.123; reversely <b class="b3">ἄλλῳ ὀρχηστύν, ἑτέρῳ κίθαριν [ἔδωκε]</b> Il.13.731, cf. Pl.''R.''439b, ''Tht.''184e; <b class="b3">τότε μὲν ἕτερα... τότε δὲ ἄλλα</b> . . Pl.''Alc.''1.116e; <b class="b3">ὁ ἕτερος... ὁ λοιπός</b> . . X.''An.''4.1.23; <b class="b3">ἕτερα... τὰ δὲ</b> . . [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''1454 (lyr.); later μίαν μὲν . . ἑτέραν δέ A.D. ''Synt.''172.5; τὴν μίαν . . τὴν δ' ἑτέρην ''AP''9.680.<br><span class="bld">3</span> repeated in the same clause, <b class="b3">ἐξ ἑτέρων ἕτερ' ἐστίν</b> [[one]] building follows on [[another]], Od.17.266; <b class="b3"> δ' ἀτέρα τὰν ἀτέραν κύλιξ ὠθήτω</b> let [[one]] [[cup]] [[push]] on the [[other]], Alc.41.5; <b class="b3">ἢ θάτερον δεῖ δυστυχεῖν ἢ θάτερον</b> [[one party]] or [[the other]], [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Ion]]''[849]; ἕτεροι ἑτέρων ἠξίωσαν ἄρχειν Th.2.64; <b class="b3">ἕτερος ἀφ' ἑτέρου θεραπείας ἀναπιμπλάμενοι ἔθνῃσκον</b> ib.51; εἴ τίς τι ἕτερος ἑτέρου προφέρει Id.7.64; ξυμμειγνυμένων ἑτέρων ἑτέροις [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''701; <b class="b3">συμφορὰ ἑτέρα ἑτέρους πιέζει</b> [[one]] calamity oppresses [[one]], [[another others]], [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Alcestis|Alc.]]'' 893 (lyr.); ἑτέρᾳ δ' ἕτερος ἕτερον ὄλβῳ καὶ δυνάμει παρῆλθεν Id.''Ba.''905, cf.[[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''231 (anap.); ἄλλη δ' εἰς ἑτέρην ὀλυφύρετο A.R.1.250.<br><span class="bld">4</span> = [[δεύτερος]], [[second]], <b class="b3">ἡ μὲν... ἡ δ' ἑτέρη... ἡ δὲ τρίτη</b> . . Od.10.352 sq., cf. Il.16.179, al., [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''2.3.22; <b class="b3">ἡ ἑ. πρότασις</b> the [[minor]] premiss, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Nicomachean Ethics|EN]]''1143b3: without Art., ἕ. τέρας [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.57; <b class="b3">προσαγορεύεις αὐτὰ ἑτέρῳ ὀνόματι</b> you [[call]] them further by a [[new]] name, Pl.''Phlb.''13a; cf. IV. 1b.<br><span class="bld">b</span> with Pronouns of quantity, ordinals, etc., <b class="b3">τόσσοι δ' αὖθ' ἕτεροι ποταμοί</b> as many [[more]], Hes.''Th.''367; <b class="b3">ἕτερον τοσοῦτον</b> as much [[again]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.149; <b class="b3">ἑτέρου τοσούτου χρόνου</b> for as long [[again]], Isoc. 4.153; <b class="b3">ἕ. τοιαῦτα</b> [[other things]] of like kind, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.120, 191; <b class="b3">ἑτέρων τοιῶνδε</b> (''[[sc.]]'' ἀνθρώπων) <b class="b3"> ἄρχεις</b> ib.207; <b class="b3">τῷ αὐτῷ τρόπῳ . . τῷ ἑτέρῳ</b> in the same way [[over again]], Id.2.127; ἄλλα τε τοιαῦθ' ἕτερα μυρία Ar.''Fr.''333.4; <b class="b3">χιλίας ἑτέρας [δραχμάς]</b> D.58.6; <b class="b3">δεύτερον, τρίτον ἕ. δικαστήριον</b>, Id.23.71,74; <b class="b3">ἕ. ἐγώ</b>, of a friend, Pythag. ap. Iamb.''in Nic.'' p.35 P.; <b class="b3">ἕτεροι αὐτοί</b> [[second]] selves, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Nicomachean Ethics|EN]]''1161b28; εὕρηκε τὸν ἕ., τὸν σέ Men.474.<br><span class="bld">II</span> without Art., [[another]], of many, with a sense of [[difference]], Il.4.306, Od.7.123, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''422, ''Lys.''66, etc.; ἕ.αὖ τις Id.''Eq.''949; ἕ. αὖ Id.''Pax'' 295, etc.; ἕτερα ἄττα [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]''188b; repeated ἑτέραν χἀτέραν τρικυμίαν Men.536.8: with neg., <b class="b3">οἷα οὐχ ἕτερα [ἐγένετο]</b> such as none [[like them]] had happened, Th.1.23; ναυμαχία . . οἵα οὐχ ἑτέρα τῶν προτέρων Id.7.70; <b class="b3">οὐδεμιᾶς ἥσσων μᾶλλον ἑτέρας</b> ib. 29 ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]); <b class="b3">οὐχ ἕτερον ἀλλά</b> . . [[none other than]], Plu.2.671b, cf. ''UPZ'' 71.9 (ii B.C.).<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[οἱ ἕτεροι]] = [[the rest]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.169.<br><span class="bld">c</span> [[ὁ ἕτερος]] = '[[one's neighbour]]', <b class="b3">ἀγαπᾶν τὸν ἕτερον</b> ''Ep.Rom.''13.6, cf. ''Ep.Gal.''6.4.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[of another kind]], [[different]], ἕ. δέ με θυμὸς ἔρυκεν Od.9.302; <b class="b3">τὸ μὲν ἕ., τὸ δὲ ἕ.</b>, i.e. they are [[different]], Pl.''Men.''97d, cf. ''R.''346a; ἕ. τε καὶ ἀνόμοιον Id.''Smp.'' 186b; τὸ δὲ ταὐτὸν ἕ. ἀποφαίνειν καὶ τὸ θάτερον ταὐτόν Id.''Sph.''259d; ἕ. ἤδη ἦν καὶ οὐχ ὁ αὐτός D.34.12; ἑτέραν ἔδωκεν παντὶ τῷ κόσμῳ ὄψιν ''OGI''458.7 (i B. C.); ἕ. εὐαγγέλιον ''Ep.Gal.''1.6: coupled with <b class="b3">ἄλλος, χἀτέρους ἄλλους πόνους</b> and other [[different]] toils, E.''Supp.''573 ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]), cf. ''Or.''345 (dub.l.); Ῥόδον καὶ ἄλλας ἑτέρας πόλεις D.15.27; ἕτερον τό τ' ἀλγεῖν καὶ θεωρεῖν ἐστ' ἴσως Philem.75.7; ἕτερα φρονῶν καὶ δημηγορῶν Din.1.17: c.gen., [[other than]], [[different from]], φίλους . . ἑτέρους τῶν νῦν ὄντων Th.1.28, cf. Pl.''Prt.''333a, D.10.44, etc.; <b class="b3">ἕτερον, ἕτερα ἢ.</b>.. [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Orestes|Or.]]''345, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''1.6.2; παρὰ ταῦτα πάντα ἕτερόν τι [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]''74a; ἕτερα πολιτείας εἴδη παρὰ μοναρχίαν Arist.''Pol.''1294a25, cf. 1286b21.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[other than should be]], euphemism for κακός, παθεῖν μὲν εὖ, παθεῖν δὲ θάτερα S.''Ph.''503; ἀγάθ' ἢ θάτερα, ἵνα μηδὲν εἴπω φλαῦρον D. 22.12: abs., <b class="b3">δαίμων ἕ.</b> Pi.''P.''3.34; [[λέκτρα]], [[συμφοραί]], E.''Med.''639 (lyr.), ''HF''1238; ἐὰν τὰ ἕ. ψηφίσωνται οἱ δικασταί D.48.30; <b class="b3">πλέον θάτερον ἐποίησαν</b> did more [[harm]] (than good), Isoc.19.25, cf. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]''114e, ''Euthd.''280e, Aristid.2.117 J.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> Special Phrases:<br><span class="bld">1</span> elliptical, mostly in dat. fem.,<br><span class="bld">a</span> <b class="b3">τῇ ἑτέρᾳ</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[χειρί]]), Ep. [[ἑτέρῃ]] or [[ἑτέρηφι]], [[with one hand]] (v. sub init.); [[with the left hand]], Od.3.441, Il.22.80, Theoc.24.45: hence [[proverb|prov.]], <b class="b3">οὐ τῇ ἑτέρᾳ ληπτός</b> not to be caught with [[one]] hand, Pl.''Sph.''226a; ἐκ δ' ἑτέρης A.R.1.1115, ''AP'' 9.650 (Leont.).<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[θατέρᾳ]] (''[[sc.]]'' [[ἡμέρᾳ]]) [[on the morrow]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''782, E.''Rh.''449; τῆς ἑτέρας Pl.''Cri.''44a; but <b class="b3">τῇ ἑτέρᾳ</b> [[on the following]] (i.e. the third) day, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''4.6.10.<br><span class="bld">c</span> (''[[sc.]]'' [[ὁδῷ]]) [[in another]] or [[a different way]], καὶ τῇδε φῦναι χἀτέρᾳ [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''1444; [[another way]], τρέπεσθαι Ar.''Nu.''812; ἑτέρᾳ πῃ Id.''Eq.''35; <b class="b3">τότ' ἄλλοσ'... θατέρᾳ δὲ</b> . . S.''Tr.'' 272; <b class="b3">θατέρᾳ... θατέρᾳ</b> . . in one way... in the other... Henioch.5.16; ἑτέρηφι Hes.''Op.''216: acc. ἑτέραν ἐκτρέπεσθαι Luc.''Tim.''5.<br><span class="bld">2</span> adverb. with Preps.:<br><span class="bld">a</span> <b class="b3">ἐπὶ θάτερα</b> [[to the one side]] or [[to the other side]], [[one way]] or [[the other way]], <b class="b3">ἐπὶ μὲν θάτερα... ἐπὶ θ. δὲ</b> . . Hp.''Art.''7; <b class="b3">τότε μὲν ἐπὶ θάτερα, τότε δ' ἐπὶ θ.</b> Pl.''Sph.''259c: also with another Prep., <b class="b3">ἐς τὰ ἐπὶ θάτερα</b> [[to]] or [[on the other side]], Th.1.87; <b class="b3">ἐκ τοῦ ἐπὶ θάτερα</b> [[from the other side]], Id.7.37; <b class="b3">ἐκ μὲν τοῦ ἐπὶ θ., ἐκ δὲ τοῦ ἐπὶ θ.</b> Pl.''Prt.''314e: c. gen., ἐς τὰ ἐπὶ θ. τοῦ ποταμοῦ Th.7.84; εἰς τἀπὶ θ. τῆς πόλεως X.''HG''6.2.7; τὸ ἐπὶ θάτερον τῆς ῥινός Hp.''Art.''35.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[κατὰ θάτερα]] [[on the one side]] or [[on the other side]], κατὰ θ. ἀστός D.57.30; ψόφου κατὰ θ. προσπεσόντος Plu.''Brut.''51, etc.; but <b class="b3">καθ' ἕτερα</b> [[at other points]], Th.7.42.<br><span class="bld">V</span> Adv. [[ἑτέρως]] = [[in one way]] or [[in the other way]], opp. [[ἀμφοτέρως]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]''181e; <b class="b3">ἑτέρως τε καὶ ἑτέρως</b>, = [[ἀμφοτέρως]], Id.''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''235a; <b class="b3">τοῦ σκέλους ἑτέρως ἔχειν</b> = [[ἑτεροσκελής|ἑτεροσκελὴς]] εἶναι, Philostr.''VA''3.39.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[differently]], rarely in Poetry, οὐχ ἑτέρως τις ἐρεῖ Theoc.''Ep.''10.3; [[ἑτέρως ἔχειν]] to [[be different]], Ar.''Pl.''371: freq. in Prose, [[ὡς ἑτέρως]] [[in the other way]] (cf. [[ὡς]]), ἢν ἡ ἑτέρη γνάθος ἐκστῇ ὡς ἑτέρως χρὴ τὴν ἐπίδεσιν ἄγειν Hp.''Art.''34, cf. Pl.''Sph.''266a, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐάν τε καλῶς, ἐάν θ' ὡς ἑτέρως</b> D.18.85, cf. 212: c. gen., [[differently from]], ἑτέρως πως τῶν εἰωθότων Pl.''Plt.''295d; <b class="b3">ἑτέρως ἤπερ</b> . . Ael.''NA''12.28.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[otherwise than should be]], [[badly]], [[wrongly]], once in Hom., ἑτέρως ἐβόλοντο Od.1.234; εἰ καὶ ἑτέρως τοῦτο ἀπέβη ''SIG''851.10 (Marc.Aur.); εἴ τι ἑτέρως φρονεῖτε ''Ep.Phil.'' 3.15.