γυνή: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=γυναικός<br />Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[wife]], [[woman]] (Il.),<br />Other forms: Boeot. <b class="b3">βανά</b> (Corinn.), pl. <b class="b3">βανῆκας γυναῖκας</b> H.; Cypr. <b class="b3">*βονα</b> does not exist (Masson, Inscr, chypr. 1961, 298). Voc. <b class="b3">γύναι</b> from <b class="b3">*γυναικ</b>, see Schwyzer 582f. The stem <b class="b3">γυν-αικ-</b> prob. from adj. <b class="b2">*gʷneh₂-iko-</b> (Szemerényi, AION 2 (1960) 13-30; against Lejeune, Rev. ét. anc. 63 (1961) 435).<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[kunaja]] \/<b class="b2">gunai-a</b>\/.<br />Compounds: On the forms of <b class="b3">γυνή</b> as second member <b class="b3">ἄ- ἀνδρό- κατά- μισό- φιλόγυνος</b>, <b class="b3">ἀ- ἡμι- καλλι- ὀρσι- φιλογύναιξ</b>, <b class="b3">ἀγύναικος</b>, <b class="b3">ἀ- ἡμι- κακο- κατα- μισο- πολυ- φιλογύναιος</b>, <b class="b3">ἀ- ἀνδρο- μισο- νεο- πολυ- φιλογύνης</b> Sommer Nominalkomp. 62f. Exceptional <b class="b3">γύν-ανδρος</b> [[hermaphrodite]], and <b class="b3">γυναι-μανής</b> (Il.). Survey DELG.<br />Derivatives: Diminut. <b class="b3">γυναικάριον</b> (Diokl. Com.), <b class="b3">γυναίκιον</b> (Longos), <b class="b3">γυναικίσκιον παιδίσκιον</b> H. - <b class="b3">γυναικίας</b> m. <b class="b2">womanish man</b> (Eup.; as <b class="b3">νεανίας</b>); <b class="b3">γυναικωνῖτις</b> <b class="b2">womens room</b> (Lys.; s. Redard Les noms grecs en <b class="b3">-της</b> 110), rare <b class="b3">γυναικών</b> (X., as <b class="b3">ἀνδρών</b>). - Adj. <b class="b3">γυναικήϊος</b>, <b class="b3">-εῖος</b> (Od.; as <b class="b3">ἀνδρήϊος</b>, <b class="b3">-εῖος</b>), <b class="b3">γυναικικός</b> (Arist.; as <b class="b3">ἀνδρικός</b>), <b class="b3">γυναικώδης</b> (Plb.: <b class="b3">ἀνδρώδης</b>), <b class="b3">γυναικηρός</b> (Diokl. Com.; after <b class="b3">πονηρός</b> etc.). - Denom. <b class="b3">γυναικίζω</b>, <b class="b3">-ομαι</b> <b class="b2">behave like a woman</b> (Ion.-Att.) with <b class="b3">γυναίκισις</b> (Ar.) and <b class="b3">γυναικισμός</b> (Plb.); <b class="b3">γυναικόομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-όω</b> <b class="b2">be, make womanish</b> (Hp.). - Not from <b class="b3">γυναικ- γύννις</b>, <b class="b3">-ιδος</b> <b class="b2">womanish man</b> and <b class="b3">γύναιος</b> (cf. <b class="b3">δείλαιος</b>), <b class="b3">γύναιον</b> [[woman]].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [473] <b class="b2">*gʷen-h₂</b> [[woman]]<br />Etymology: Old word for [[woman]], [[wife]]. Exact agreement in Skt. (Ved.) <b class="b2">gnā́</b> [[woman]], [[goddess]] (often disyll.), Av. [[gǝnā]] [[woman]]. With <b class="b3">γυναι-</b> agrees Arm. <b class="b2">kanay-</b> in plural <b class="b2">kanay-k</b> (nom.) etc.; a <b class="b3">-κ-</b> also in Messap. [[gunakhai]] [[γυναικί]] (?), and NPhr. [[knaikan]], [[knaiko]]. - Labiovelar also in Goth. [[qino]] (<b class="b2">n-</b>stem), OIr. [[ben]] (<b class="b2">ā-</b>stem) [[woman]], both < <b class="b2">*guen-</b>. The full grade, in Greek replaced by the zero grade, seen in Arm. [[kin]], OPr. [[genna]], OCS [[žena]], Skt. <b class="b2">jáni-</b>, Toch. A <b class="b2">śäṃ</b> B <b class="b2">śana</b>, OIr. [[ben]]. Zero grade in OIr. <b class="b2">ban-</b> (in comp.), gen. sg. [[mnā]] (< <b class="b2">*bnā-s</b>). Lengthened grade in Goth. [[qens]] (<b class="b2">i-</b>stem) [[woman]]. Original paradigm proterodynmic <b class="b2">h₂-</b>stem <b class="b2">gʷen-h₂</b>(seen in Skt. <b class="b2">jáni-</b>), gen. <b class="b2">*gʷn-eh₂-s</b>. - On [[μνάομαι]] <b class="b2">woo for ones bride</b> s.s.v.. - Full grade in <b class="b3">βενέω</b>, variant of <b class="b3">βινέω</b> acc. to De Lamberterie, RPh 65 (1991) 149-160?

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