ὅπλον: Difference between revisions

|Definition=τό, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[tool]], [[implement]], mostly in plural [[ὅπλα]], like [[ἔντεα]], [[τεύχεα]]: (prob. from [[ἕπω]] A): </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> a ship's [[tackle]], [[tackling]], Hom.(only in Od.), <span class="bibl">2.390</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>627</span>; esp. [[ropes]], [[halyards]], etc., δησάμενοι δ' ἄρα ὅπλα <span class="bibl">Od. 2.430</span>, etc.; in which sense Hom. twice uses the sg., [[rope]], <span class="bibl">14.346</span>, <span class="bibl">21.390</span>: generally, [[any ropes]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.25</span>, <span class="bibl">9.115</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>78</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[tools]], strictly so called, in Hom. especially of [[smiths' tools]], <span class="bibl">Il.18.409</span>,<span class="bibl">412</span>; in full, ὅπλα χαλκήϊα <span class="bibl">Od.3.433</span> : in sg., [[ὅπλον ἀρούρης]] = [[sickle]], <span class="title">AP</span>6.95 (Antiphil); [[ὅπλον γεροντικόν]] = [[staff]], <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Epigr.</span>1.7</span>; <b class="b3">δείπνων ὅπλον ἑτοιμότατον</b>, of the [[wine-flask]], <span class="title">AP</span>6.248 (Marc. Arg.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> in plural, also, [[implements of war]], [[arms]] and [[armour]], Hom. (only in Il.), <b class="b3">αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ πάνθ' ὅπλα κάμε</b>, of the [[arms]] of Achilles, <span class="bibl">18.614</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">19.21</span>; ὅπλοισιν ἔνι δεινοῖσιν ἐδύτην <span class="bibl">10.254</span>,<span class="bibl">272</span>; so in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>8.27</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>12.1.9, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span> 14</span>, etc.: rarely in sg., [[weapon]], οὐδέ τι ἀρήϊον ὅπλον ἐκτέαται <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">174</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>161</span>,<span class="bibl">570</span>,<span class="bibl">942</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>474a</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.4.15</span>; <b class="b3">ποτὶ πονηρὸν οὐκ ἄχρηστον ὅπλον ἁ πονηρία</b> [Epich.]<span class="bibl">275</span>; [[piece of armour]], <span class="bibl">D.S.3.49</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[the large shield]], from which the men-at-arms took their name of [[ὁπλῖται]] (εἰκόνα γραπτὴν ἐν ὅπλῳ <span class="title">IG</span>22.1012.18 (ii B. C.), cf. <span class="title">IGRom.</span>4.1302.35 (Cyme, i B. C./i A. D.), <span class="bibl">Th.7.75</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.15.44</span>, <span class="bibl">17.18</span>); ὅπλον στύππινον <span class="title">IG</span>11(2).203 <span class="title">B</span>99 (Delos, iii B. C.) : metaph., τῆς πενίας ὅπλον ἡ παρρησία <span class="bibl">Nicostr.Com.29</span>; ὅ. μέγιστον . . ἁρετὴ βροτοῖς <span class="bibl">Men. <span class="title">Mon.</span>433</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">619</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> in plural, also, [[heavy arms]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.53</span>; <b class="b3">ὅπλων ἐπιστάτης</b> = [[ὁπλίτης]], opp. <b class="b3">κώπης ἄναξ</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>379</span>; ὁ πόλεμος οὐχ ὅπλων τὸ πλέον ἀλλὰ δαπάνης <span class="bibl">Th.1.83</span>; ὅπλα παραδοῦναι <span class="bibl">Id.4.69</span>; ὅπλα [[ἀποβάλλειν]] <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>27</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[ὅπλα]], = [[ὁπλῖται]], [[men-at-arms]], πολλῶν μεθ' ὅπλων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>115</span> (lyr.): and freq. in Prose, <b class="b3">ἐξέτασιν ὅπλων ποιεῖσθαι</b> to have a [[muster]] of the [[men-at-arms]], <span class="bibl">Th.4.74</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ὁ ἐπὶ τῶν ὅπλων στρατηγός</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ὁ ἐπὶ τῆς διοικήσεως</b>, Decr. ap. <span class="bibl">D.18.38</span>, Decr.ib. 115; χειροτονηθεὶς ἐπὶ τὰ ὅ. πρῶτος . . [[στρατηγός]] <span class="title">IG</span>22.682.44 (iii B. C.); [[στρατηγεῖν]] ἐπὶ τὰ ὅπλα <span class="title">SIG</span>697 <span class="title">E</span> (Delph., ii B. C.), etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">τὰ ὅπλα</b> [[the place of arms]], [[camp]], ἦλθεν εἰς τὰ ὅπλα <span class="bibl">Lys.13.12</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.2.5</span>, etc.; ἐκ τῶν ὅ. προϊέναι <span class="bibl">Th.1.111</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> Phrases : [[ἐνέδυνον]] ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[ἐνέδυντο]]) τὰ ὅ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.218</span>, etc.; [[ἐν ὅπλοισι εἶναι]] or [[ἐν ὅπλοισι γενέσθαι]] to [[be in arms]], [[be under arms]], <span class="bibl">Id.1.13</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>303</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.6.56</span>; ἐν ὄπλοισι [ἰππομ]άχεντας <span class="bibl">Sapph.<span class="title">Supp.</span>5.19</span>; ἐν ὅπλοις μάχεσθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>456d</span>; ἡ ἐν τοῖς ὅπλοις μάχη <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>833e</span>; <b class="b3">ποιῆσαι ἐξέτασιν ἐν ὅπλοις</b> Decr. ap. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ath.</span>31.2</span>; εἰς τὰ ὅπλα [[παραγγέλλειν]] <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.5.13</span>; <b class="b3">ἐφ' ὅπλοις</b> or <b class="b3">παρ' ὅπλοις ἧσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>674</span>,<span class="bibl">357</span>; μένειν ἐπὶ τοῖς ὅπλοις <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.2.8</span>; for ὅπλα [[ῥίπτειν]], ὅπλα [[ἀφιέναι]], ὅπλα [[κατατίθεσθαι]], v. sub vocc.; for ὅπλα [[τίθεσθαι]], v. [[τίθημι]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> of [[the]] [[arms]] [[possess]]ed by [[animal]]s for [[self-defence]], [τὸν ἄνθρωπον] οὐκ ἔχοντα ὅπλον πρὸς τὴν ἀλκήν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>687a25</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">b4</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> [[membrum virile]], Nic.<span class="title">Fr.</span>74.30, <span class="title">APl.</span>4.242 (Eryc.), Hsch. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">VI</span> a [[gymnastic]] [[exercise]], the last which came on in the games, <span class="bibl">Artem.1.63</span>.</span>