σφαῖρα: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ας, ἡ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[ball]], [[σφαίρῃ παίζειν]] = [[play at ball]], <span class="bibl">Od.6.100</span>; <b class="b3">σφαῖραν ἔρριψε</b> ib.<span class="bibl">115</span>; σ. καλὴν μετὰ χερσὶν ἕλοντο <span class="bibl">8.372</span>; <b class="b3">σφαίρῃ ἀν' ἰθὺν πειρήσαντο</b> ib.<span class="bibl">377</span>; ὥσπερ σφαῖραν ἐκδεξάμενος τὸν λόγον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthd.</span> 277b</span>; <b class="b3">ῥαπτὴ σφαῖρα</b> <span class="title">AP</span>12.44 (Glauc.), cf. <span class="bibl">Nicom.Com.1.25</span>, <span class="bibl">Antiph.234</span>; διὰ σφαίρας . . ἐκπονῆσαι τὸ σῶμα Gal.6.134, cf. <span class="bibl">Sor.1.49</span>,<span class="bibl">93</span>; ἡ διὰ τῆς σ. [[ὄρχησις]] <span class="bibl">Ath.1.14d</span>: metaph., <b class="b3">σφαῖραν ἐποίησε τὴν οὐσίαν</b> (cf. [[συστρογγύλλω]]) <span class="bibl">Alex.246.3</span>: [[proverb|prov.]], <b class="b3">σφαῖρα κατὰ πρανοῦς</b>, of [[accelerating]] [[motion]], <span class="bibl">Eust.249.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> any [[globe]], <span class="bibl">Parm.8.43</span>; [[sphere]], as a geom. figure, <span class="bibl">Ti.Locr.95d</span>, etc.; esp. [[the terrestrial globe]], [[earth]], <span class="bibl">Str.2.3.1</span>; an [[artificial]] [[globe]], <span class="bibl">Hermesian.7.88</span>, <span class="bibl">Str.12.3.11</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[hollow]] [[sphere]] or [[globe]]: in the Ancient Physics, from the time of Anaximander (cf. <span class="title">Placit.</span> 2.16.5), of the [[sphere]]s believed to [[revolve]] round the [[earth]] [[carry]]ing the [[heavenly]] bodies, and according to the Pythagoreans arranged after the intervals of the musical scale (cf. Alex.Eph. ap. Theon.Sm.<span class="bibl">p.139</span> H., Cic. <span class="title">de Rep.</span>6.18), <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1073b18</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cael.</span> 286b24</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Mete.</span>341b20</span>, <span class="bibl">354b24</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Ign.</span>4</span>; <b class="b3">σφαῖρα ἀπλανής</b> = ἡ τῶν ἀπλανῶν σφαῖρα = the [[sphere]] of the [[fixed star]]s, <span class="bibl">Procl.<span class="title">Hyp.</span>5.1</span>; so <b class="b3">ἡ ἀπλανής</b>, without ς., ib.<span class="bibl">7.25</span>; <b class="b3">αἱ πλανώμεναι σφαῖραι</b> [[planetary]] [[sphere]]s, Plu.2.1028a; Astrol., <b class="b3">ἡ ὀρθὴ σφαῖρα</b> = [[right]] [[sphere]], i.e. the [[celestial]] [[sphere]] as viewed from the [[equator]], Rhetorius in <span class="title">Cat.Cod.Astr.</span>8(1).231. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> a [[weapon]] of [[boxer]]s, prob. [[iron ball]], worn with [[pad]]ded [[cover]]s ([[ἐπίσφαιρα]]) instead of boxing-gloves (ἱμάντες) in the [[σφαιρομαχία]]ι, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>830b</span>, cf. Plu. 2.80b. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">αἱ σφαῖραι τῶν ὀμμάτων</b> [[eyeball]]s, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>958a7</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b3">σφαῖραι θαλάττιαι</b> [[seaball]]s, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HA</span>616a20</span>, Crito ap.Gal.12.437. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> [[pill]], Archig. ap. <span class="bibl">Orib.8.2.18</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">8</span> <b class="b3">πλατάνου σφαῖραι</b>, i.e. [[globular]] [[catkin]]s, Dsc.4.73. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">9</span> as a quantitative measure, ἐπίβαλε . . φύκους στυπτηρίου ὡς σφαῖραν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHolm.</span>16.32</span>.</span>

|trtx=Western Apache: joołé; Arabic: كُرَة‎, كُبَّة‎; Egyptian Arabic: كورة‎; Hijazi Arabic: كورة‎; Armenian: գունդ; Asturian: pelota; Azerbaijani: şar, top; Bashkir: шар, туп; Belarusian: шар; Bengali: গোলা; Bulgarian: кълбо; Burmese: အလုံး; Catalan: bola; Central Franconian: Ball; Chechen: горгале, буьрк; Cherokee: ᏍᏆᏞᏍᏗ; Chinese Mandarin: 球; Czech: koule; Dalmatian: buola; Dutch: bol; Esperanto: globo, sfero; Estonian: pall; Finnish: pallo; French: balle, boule; Galician: bóla; Georgian: სფერო; German: Kugel, Ball; Greek: σφαίρα; Ancient Greek: σφαῖρα; Gujarati: દડો; Hausa: dunkulen; Hebrew: כַּדּוּר‎; Hindi: गोला; Hungarian: golyó, labda, gömb; Icelandic: kúla; Indonesian: bola; Italian: palla; Japanese: 玉, 球; Kazakh: доп, шар; Khmer: គោល; Kikuyu: mũbira Korean: 공, 구(球); Kyrgyz: шар, топ; Lao: ບານ; Latgalian: komuļs, bumbuļs; Latin: globus, pila; Latvian: lode, bumba; Lezgi: туп; Limburgish: bal, bol; Lithuanian: kamuolys; Lushootseed: sbəkʷ; Macedonian: топка, сфера; Malay: bola, korah; Malayalam: ഗോളം; Maltese: ballun; Manchu: ᠮᡠᠮᡠᡥᡠ; Manx: bluckan; Mongolian: бөмбөг; Northern Altai: тоф; Norwegian Bokmål: ball; Nynorsk: ball; Old English: clīewen; Old Gujarati: दडउ; Old Norse: knǫttr, bǫllr; Paiwan: mali; Pashto: ټوپکی‎, پنډوس‎; Persian: کره‎, گوی‎; Plautdietsch: Baul; Polish: kula; Portuguese: bola; Romanian: minge, bilă; Russian: шар, сфера; Sanskrit: गुड, पिण्ड, गोला; Scots: baw; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: лопта; Roman: lopta; Sicilian: baḍḍa; Sinhalese: බෝලය; Slovak: guľa, lopta; Slovene: žoga, krogla; Southern Altai: топ, шар; Spanish: bola, esfera; Swahili: mpira; Swedish: boll, klot, kula; Tagalog: bola; Tajik: кура; Taos: pùohóna; Tatar: шар, туп; Telugu: బంతి; Thai: บอล; Tibetan: པོ་ལོ; Tongan: fo'i pulu; Turkish: top; Turkmen: şar, top; Ukrainian: куля; Urdu: گولا‎; Uyghur: توپ‎; Uzbek: toʻp, shar, tup,; Welsh: pêl; Yiddish: באַל