ὑποτίθημι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[place under]], ὑπὸ κύκλα ἑκάστῳ πυθμένι θῆκεν <span class="bibl">Il.18.375</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ φρύγαν' ὑ</b>. [[puts]] the firewood [[under]], <span class="bibl">Telecl.40</span>; <b class="b3">θεοῦ βάσεις ὑποτιθέντος</b> [[putting]] legs or feet [[under]] them, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>92a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>686a34</span>; σιδηρᾶς κανονίδας ὑ. <span class="bibl">Ph.<span class="title">Bel.</span>57.11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">60.31</span>, al.; ὑπὸ ποταμοὺς πολλοὺς . . πόλιν ὑ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>682c</span>; κύλικα ὑπὸ τὴν κλίνην <span class="title">IG</span>12(5).593.21 (Iulis, v B. C.); <b class="b3">ὀχετὸν ἐκποιήσαντι καὶ ὑποθέντι</b> ib. 12.373.66; [φοίνικας] ὑ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.5.12</span>; ἀλεκτορίδι ὑ. τὰ ᾠά <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>564b3</span>; <b class="b3">ἑαυτὴν [τῷ ἄρρενι]</b> ib.<span class="bibl">540a11</span>; ὑ. &lt;τι&gt; ὑπὸ τὸν ὀφθαλμόν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>874a9</span>; of a prancing horse, ὑ. τὰ ὀπίσθια σκέλη ὑπὸ τὰ ἐμπρόσθια <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span> 11.2</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ὄπισθεν σκέλη διὰ πολλοῦ ὑ</b>. [[bring up]] his hind legs far apart from one another, ib.<span class="bibl">1.14</span>; κατακλίνεται [ὁ λαγὼς] ὑποθεὶς τὰ ὑποκώλια ὑπὸ τὰς λαγόνας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>5.10</span>: metaph., ὑποχειρίους τοῖς ἐχθροῖς ὑ. τὰς αὑτῶν πατρίδας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>308a</span>; <b class="b3">ἔστε ὑπέθηκε Ἀΐδᾳ</b> until he <b class="b2">handed him over</b> to Hades, of a hound attacking a boar, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>532.11</span> (iii B. C.):—Med., <b class="b2">place under one's feet</b>, τι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.1.41</span>; τοὺς μηροὺς ὑφ' αὑτά <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">IA</span>713a23</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[place under]] a certain class, <b class="b3">γεωργικῇ, θηρευτικῇ</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>289a</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> [[subjoin]], [[enclose]], [[append]] a document, ὑποτέθεικά σοι τὸ ἀντίγραφον <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLille</span>4.2</span> (iii B. C.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sammelb.</span>5675.2</span> (ii B. C.), etc.: so in Med., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>3.921.10</span> (ii/iii A. D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[set before]] one, [[offer]], [[suggest]], τὴν ἐν φίλοις δικαιοτάτην ὑπόθεσιν ἔχω ὑποτιθέναι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.5.13</span>; [[hold out]] hope, ὑποτιθεῖς τίν' ἐλπίδα; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1186</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>4.8.28</span>, <span class="bibl">D.23.58</span>, Plu.2.256a, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lys.</span> 23</span>, Aristid.1.379 J.; τοῦ Ἑλληνικοῦ ἐλπίδα ἣν ὑπετίθει αὐτῷ δουλώσειν <span class="bibl">Th.1.138</span>; ἡ εὐπραγία ὑ. ἰσχὺν τῆς ἐλπίδος <span class="bibl">Id.4.65</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπέθηκας ὀρθῶς τοὺς λόγους</b>, i. e. you have given good advice, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>507</span>; <b class="b3">τὸν ὑποθέντα τὰς τέχνας γυναιξὶ τόνδε</b> he who [[proposed]] these tricks to the women, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ba.</span>675</span>:—earlier in Med., [[suggest]], βουλὴν Ἀργείοις ὑποθησόμεθ' ἥ τις ὀνήσει <span class="bibl">Il.8.36</span>; ὄφρα οἱ ἤ τι ἔπος ὑποθήσεαι ἠέ τι ἔργον <span class="bibl">Od.4.163</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.11.788</span>; δόλον ὑπεθήκατο <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>175</span>; ἄλλα μὲν αὐτὸς ἐνὶ φρεσὶ σῇσι νοήσεις, ἄλλα δὲ καὶ δαίμων ὑποθήσεται <span class="bibl">Od.3.27</span>; Κροῖσος ταῦτά οἱ ὑπετίθετο <span class="bibl">Hdt. 1.156</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.36</span>; ἔπεμψέ με σωτηρίην ὑποθησόμενον ὑμῖν, ἤν περ βούλησθε πείθεσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.5.98</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.237</span>; σμικρὸν ὑποθέσθαι τοῖς κριταῖσι βούλομαι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>1154</span>: c. dat. pers. only, [[advise]], [[counsel]], [[admonish]] one, <span class="bibl">Od.2.194</span>, <span class="bibl">5.143</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1362</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lys.</span> 522</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Chrm.</span>155d</span>: with an Adv., ἀλλά μοι εὖ ὑπόθευ <span class="bibl">Od. 15.310</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.90</span>; αὐτάρ τοι πυκινῶς ὑποθησόμεθ', αἴ κε πίθηαι <span class="bibl">Il. 21.293</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> Med., in stronger sense, [[enjoin]], ταῦτα τοῖσι ὑπολειπομένοισι ὑποθέμενος ὁ Δαρεῖος <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.135</span>; of a doctor, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>295c</span>; of Nestor, Id.<span class="title">Hp.Ma.</span>286b; [Μέττιος Ῥοῦφος] τῷ στρατηγῷ περὶ τούτου ὑπέθετο <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span> 237 vi 40</span> (ii A. D.); gloss on [[ἐπιστέλλει]], Sch.<span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>106</span>; of Pythagoras, τὴν εἰς τὸ σπονδειακὸν μεταβολὴν ὑπέθετο τῷ αὐλητῇ <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">VP</span>25.112</span>; τοῖς ἀπὸ τοῦ νομοῦ ὑπόδειγμα τῆς ἀπειθίας ὑ. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span> 747 ii 14</span> (ii A. D.); <b class="b3">δύο σκοποὺς ὑποθέσθαι τῆς φλεβοτομίας</b> [[prescribe]] two conditions of (successful) venesection, Gal.15.765. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> Med., [[instruct]], [[demonstrate]], γραμματικόν τι ποιῆσαι ἄλλου ὑποθεμένου <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">EN</span>1105a23</span>; <b class="b3">δεῖ ὑποθέσθαι τί λέγομεν τὸ βαρύ</b> <b class="b2">as a preliminary</b> we must [[explain]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cael.</span> 269b20</span>; ὑ. ὡς χρὴ μάχεσθαι <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Her.</span>10.5</span>; Φινεὺς . . τοῖς Ἀργοναύταις . . περὶ τῶν συμπληγάδων ὑπέθετο πετρῶν <span class="bibl">Apollod.1.9.22</span>; ὁ ὑποθέμενος αὐτῷ τὴν ἀνάγνωσιν <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>1.26.13</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.2.21</span>; παλαισμάτων εἴδη ὁπόσα ἐστί, δηλώσει ὁ παιδοτρίβης, καιρούς τε ὑποθέμενος κτλ. <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Gym.</span>14</span>: c. acc. et inf., ὑ. τῷ ἐπιεικεῖ παιδὶ ῥᾴδιον πεφυκέναι κτλ. <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">VP</span>10.51</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> Med., [[propose to oneself as a task]], πολεμιστήριον [ἵππον] ὑπεθέμεθα ὠνεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>3.7</span>; δεῖ ὑποτίθεσθαι κατ' εὐχήν, μηδὲν μέντοι ἀδύνατον <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Pol.</span>1265a17</span>; <b class="b2">make up one's mind, adopt as a policy</b>, παρὰ τὸ δίκαιον τὸ ξυμφέρον λέγειν ὑπέθεσθε <span class="bibl">Th.5.90</span>; τοῦθ' ὑπέθετο, δεινότατον πρᾶγμα, οἶμαι, ὅπως ἐν ἐκείνῳ εἴη . . φάναι <span class="bibl">And.1.39</span>; ἕνα τοῦτον ὑποθέμενος τὸν σκοπόν, ἅπαντας ἡμᾶς ἀγορεύειν κακῶς <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Pisc.</span>7</span>; πρὶν τὴν ἀρχὴν ὀρθῶς ὑποθέσθαι, μάταιον ἡγοῦμαι περὶ τῆς τελευτῆς ὁντινοῦν ποιεῖσθαι λόγον <span class="bibl">D.3.2</span>:—Pass., ὁ ὑποτεθεὶς σκοπός <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1144a24</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[propose to oneself as a subject of discussion]] or [[argument]], ἀπ' ἐμαυτοῦ ἄρξωμαι καὶ τῆς ἐμαυτοῦ ὑποθέσεως, περὶ τοῦ ἑνὸς αὐτοῦ ὑποθέμενος, εἴτε ἕν ἐστιν εἴτε μή [ἕν], τί χρὴ συμβαίνειν; <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prm.</span>137b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ti.</span>26a</span>; ἵνα μὴ δοκῶ περὶ τὰ μέρη διατρίβειν, ὑπὲρ ὅλων τῶν πραγμάτων ὑποθέμενος <span class="bibl">Isoc. 4.51</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">12.119</span>; ὥσπερ ὑπεθέμην Thphr.<span class="title">Char.Prooem.</span>5; περὶ ἀέρος εἰπόντες, ὥσπερ ὑπεθέμεθα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>340a23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Rh.</span>1432b5</span>, <span class="bibl">Aeschin. 1.37</span>, <span class="bibl">2.102</span>; ὑποθησόμεθα ταύτης ἀρχὴν τῆς βύβλου τὴν πρώτην διάβασιν ἐξ Ἰταλίας Ῥωμαίων <span class="bibl">Plb.1.5.1</span>:—Pass., οἱ ὑποτεθέντες λόγοι <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Lg.</span>812a</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> Med., [[assume as a preliminary]], ταύτην μὲν δὴ πυρὸς ἀρχὴν καὶ τῶν ἄλλων σωμάτων ὑποτιθέμεθα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ti.</span>53d</span>; ὑποθέμενος ἑκάστοτε λόγον... ἃ μὲν ἄν μοι δοκῇ τούτῳ συμφωνεῖν, τίθημι ὡς ἀληθῆ ὄντα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>100a</span>; οἱ περὶ τὰς γεωμετρίας . . ὑποθέμενοι . . τὰ σχήματα, . . ποιησάμενοι ὑποθέσεις αὐτά <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>510c</span>; ὑπόθεσιν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>101d</span>; ὃ ἐξ ἀρχῆς ὑπετιθέμεθα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Chrm.</span> 171d</span>; ἐὰν ὡς ὂν ὑποθῇ ὃ ὑπετίθεσο <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prm.</span> 136c</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. περί τινος ὡς ὄντος</b> ib. <span class="bibl">136b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">137b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Plt.</span>284c</span>; ὑ. ὡς τούτου οὕτως ἔχοντος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>437a</span>: c. acc. et inf., [[assume]] or [[suppose that]]... <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>100b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Prt.</span>339d</span>: without inf., [<b class="b3">τὴν ἀρετὴν] διδακτὸν ὑ</b>. [[assume]] it to be teachable, ib.<span class="bibl">361b</span>; τἀναντία οἷς ὑπεθέμην <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tht.</span>165d</span>; <b class="b3">ὥσπερ ὑπέθου</b> as you <b class="b2">began by requiring</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>346b</span> (referring to <span class="bibl">336d</span>):—Pass., esp. in aor. <b class="b3">ὑπετέθην</b> (cf. ὑπόκειμαι <span class="bibl">11.2</span>), <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ti.</span>48e</span>, <span class="bibl">61d</span>; τὰ ὑποτεθέντα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prm.</span>136b</span>; <b class="b3">τῶν καλῶν τι ἡ σωφροσύνη ὑπετέθη</b> [[was assumed]] to be... <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Chrm.</span>160d</span> (referring to <span class="bibl">159c</span>); τοῦτο δ' ἀδύνατον, ὥστε ψεῦδος τὸ ὑποτεθέν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APr.</span>61a31</span>; <b class="b3">εἰ τοῦτό τις ὑποτεθείη γινώσκειν</b> if it were [[assumed]] that one knew this, Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>2.17S. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> later, [[assume]], [[suppose]], [[estimate]], παρέσομαι πρὸς ὑμᾶς, ὡς ὑποτίθεμαι, τῇ ιζ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>247.4</span> (iii B. C.); <b class="b3">ὑποτιθεμένου τοῦ ποδὸς δραχμῆς</b> the foot [[being reckoned]] at one drachma, <span class="title">Supp.Epigr.</span>4.446.14 (Didyma, iii/ii B. C.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>15r</span>.<span class="bibl">34</span> (iii B. C.); <b class="b3">τὸν χιλιάρουρον</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἀμπελῶνα</b>) <b class="b3"> ὑποτιθέμεθα ἐπὶ τὸ ἔλαττον</b> we [[assess]] at the reduced sum, ib.<span class="bibl">361.9</span> (iii B. C.); <b class="b3">νεώτερον αὐτὸν ὑ</b>. [[put]] him [[down]] as younger, <span class="bibl">D.H.4.6</span>; <b class="b3">ταῦτα τὸν Ὅμηρον ὡς συστρατιώτην ἔφη εἰρηκέναι καὶ οὐχ ὡς ὑποτιθέμενον</b> not as a <b class="b2">composer of fiction</b>, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Her.</span>4.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> Act., <b class="b2">establish as a preliminary, premise</b>, <b class="b3">ταῦθ' ὑποθεὶς ἐπεῖπεν ὡς</b> . . <span class="bibl">Aeschin.2.157</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦθ' ὑποθέντες ἀκούετε τῇ γνώμῃ, τί ἄν, εἴ τις ἔπασχε ταῦθ' ὑμῶν, ἐποίει</b> [[after deciding]] in your own minds, <span class="bibl">D.21.108</span>; ῥυθμοὺς καὶ σχῆμα ἐλευθέριον ὑποθεῖσαι μέλος ἢ λόγον ἐναντίον ἀποδοῦναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>669c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[represent as]] <b class="b3">ὑποκείμενον</b> (v. ὑπόκειμαι <span class="bibl">11.8</span>), εἰ μή τις ἑτέραν ὑποθήσει τοῖς ἐναντίοις φύσιν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>189a28</span>; [ἀρχὴν] ἄν τε μίαν ἄν τε πλείους <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>988a24</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VI</span> [[couch]], [[present]], τὴν σάρισαν <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">DMort.</span>27.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VII</span> [[put down as a deposit]] or [[stake]], [[pawn]], [[pledge]], [[mortgage]], τοῦτο τὸ ἐνέχυρον <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.136</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν οἰκίαν, τὴν οὐσίαν</b>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.21.2</span>, <span class="bibl">D.28.17</span>, <span class="bibl">49.12</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπέθεσαν αὐτῷ τοῦ ταλάντου τὰς προσόδους</b> [[mortgaged]] their revenues for the talent, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.104</span>; τῷ πατρὶ τἀνδράποδα <span class="bibl">D.27.25</span>; δραχμὴν ὑπόθες <span class="bibl">Diph.73.2</span>; ὑποθέμενοι χρυσίον <span class="title">IG</span>12.313.177; <b class="b3">τὴν οἰκίαν πωλοῦντα καὶ ὑποτιθέντα</b> selling and [[mortgaging]], i.e. having full ownership of, the house, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>588.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">9</span> (iii B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PRyl.</span>162.28</span> (ii A. D.); cf. ὑποθήκη <span class="bibl">11</span>:—Med., of the mortgagee, [[lend]] money [[on pledge]], <span class="bibl">D.28.18</span>; ὑποθέσθαι τὰ σκεύη τῆς νεώς <span class="bibl">Id.50.55</span>:— but the Med. is used for the Act. in later writers, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cat.Mi.</span>6</span>:— for the Pass., <b class="b3">ὑπόκειμαι</b> is used, except in aor. 1, <b class="b3">πόρους</b> (revenues) <b class="b3">ὑποκεῖσθαι αὐτοῖς τούς τε ὑποτεθέντας εἰς τὸ βουλευτήριον</b> . . <span class="title">OGI</span>46.10 (Halic., iii B. C.), cf. <span class="title">AJP</span>56.375 (Colophon, iv B. C., Med. and Pass.); cf. [[τίθημι]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[stake]], [[hazard]], [[venture]], εἰς οἷον κίνδυνον ἔρχῃ ὑποθήσων τὴν ψυχήν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>313a</span>; <b class="b3">τὸν ἴδιον κίνδυνον ὑποθείς</b> [[at]] his own risk, <span class="bibl">D.19.252</span>; also ἑαυτὸν ἔγγυον ὑποθείς <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Crass.</span>7</span>; τὴν ψυχὴν ταῖς τύχαις <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Dem.Enc.</span>41</span>; τὰ σὰ τοῖς ἐκτός <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>2.2.12</span>; <b class="b3">τὸν τράχηλον</b> ib.<span class="bibl">4.1.77</span>; <b class="b3">ἑαυτὸν τῷ νόμῳ</b>, i. e. risked the penalties of the law, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Gym.</span>24</span>; οὐδὲ αὑτοὺς ταύταις ὑποθήσομεν ταῖς αἰτίαις <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>3.112a</span>; <b class="b3">νομίμοις ποιναῖς ὑποθεῖναι [αὐτούς</b>] <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PMasp.</span>24.50</span> (vi A. D.); <b class="b3">ἑαυτὸν [ὀργῇ</b>] <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Them.</span>24</span>; τοῖς κινδύνοις σφᾶς αὐτούς Aristid.1.467 J.</span>