αἰσχύνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ῡ]: Ion. impf. <b class="b3">αἰσχύνεσκε</b> (κατ-) <span class="bibl">Q.S.14.531</span>: fut. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> -ῠνῶ <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Hipp.</span>719</span>, Ion. -υνέω <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.53</span>: aor. ᾔσχῡνα <span class="bibl">Il.23.571</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.1.4</span>, etc.: pf. σχυγκα <span class="bibl">D.C. 58.16</span> :—Pass., fut. αἰσχῠνοῦμαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>856</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 200</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Ti.</span>49d</span>, etc., rarely <b class="b3">αἰσχυνθήσομαι</b> (v. sub fin.) : aor. ᾐσχύνθην Hdt. and Att., poet. inf. αἰσχυνθῆμεν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>9.27</span> : pf. <b class="b3">ᾔσχυμμαι</b> (v. infr. B. I) :—[[make ugly]], [[disfigure]], <b class="b3">πρόσωπον, κόμην</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.18.24</span>, <span class="bibl">27</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>529</span>; <b class="b3">αἰ. τὸν ἵππον</b> [[give]] the horse [[a bad form]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1.12</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> mostly in moral sense, [[dishonour]], [[tarnish]], μηδὲ γένος πατέρων αἰσχυνέμεν <span class="bibl">Il.6.209</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">23.571</span>; τὴν Σπάρτην <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.53</span>; ξενίαν τράπεζαν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>401</span>; τοὺς πρὸς αἵματος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1305</span>; τοὺς πατέρας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Mx.</span> 246d</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> esp. [[dishonour]] a woman, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>44</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Marc.</span>19</span>, etc.; εὐνήν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1626</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς τὸ σῶμα αἰ</b>. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1311b7</span>; abs., <b class="b2">Foed. Delph.Pell</b>.<span class="bibl">2</span><span class="title">A</span> 12. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[disdain]], ἐπιχώρια <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.22</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> Pass., [[to be dishonoured]], <b class="b3">νέκυς σχυμμένος</b>, of Patroclus, <span class="bibl">Il. 18.180</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[to be ashamed]], [[feel shame]], abs., <span class="bibl">Od.7.305</span>, <span class="bibl">18.12</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.10</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1291</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> more commonly, [[to be ashamed at]] a thing, c. acc. rei, αἰσχυνόμενοι φάτιν ἀνδρῶν <span class="bibl">Od.21.323</span>; τὴν δυσγένειαν τὴν ἐμὴν αἰ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1079</span> : c. dat. rei, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>992</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.3.9</span>, <span class="bibl">D.4.42</span>, etc.; αἰ. ἐπί τινι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.2.8</span>; ἔν τινι <span class="bibl">Th.2.43</span>; ὑπέρ τινος <span class="bibl">Lys.14.39</span>; περί τινος <span class="bibl">33.6</span>. etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> c. part., [[to be ashamed at]] doing a thing (which one does), <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>642</span> (v.l.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>540</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>200</span>, Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span> <span class="bibl">494e</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> c. inf., [[to be ashamed to]] do a thing (and therefore not to do it), <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.82</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>856</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>917</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>414e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phdr.</span>257d</span>, etc.; though this condition must not be pressed absolutely, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ap.</span> 22b</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">d</span> foll. by relat. clause, <b class="b3">αἰσχύνεσθαι εἰ…</b> [[to be ashamed]] that... <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>254</span>, <span class="bibl">And.4.42</span>; ἐάν… <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>21.4</span>; μὴ… <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>183e</span>, cf. Machoap.<span class="bibl">Ath.13.579f</span>; ὅτι… <span class="bibl">Lys.2.23</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> c. acc. pers., [[to feel shame before]] one, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>934</span>, <span class="bibl">1074</span>, <span class="bibl">Pherecr.23.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>216b</span>; <b class="b3">τοὺς γέροντας</b> (at Sparta) <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.180</span>; <b class="b3">ὅστις γὰρ αὐτὸς αὑτὸν οὐκ αἰσχύνεται, πῶστόν γε μηδὲν εἰδότ' αἰσχυνθήσεται</b>; <span class="bibl">Philem.229</span>, cf. Gal. 5.26: c. acc. et inf., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>415</span>; ᾑσχύνθημεν θεοὺς… προδοῦναι αὐτόν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.3.22</span>; αἰσχύνομαι ὑμᾶς λέγειν <span class="bibl">D.40.48</span>; αἰ. πρός τινα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span> 1383b12</span>.</span>