κατέχω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=fut. <b class="b3">καθέξω</b> (of duration) <span class="bibl">Il.18.332</span>, <b class="b3">κατασχήσω</b> (of momentary action) <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.72</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.42</span>: aor. <b class="b3">κατέσχον</b>, poet. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> κατέσχεθον <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>575</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>754</span>; Ep. 3sg. κάσχεθε <span class="bibl">Il.11.702</span>, Aeol. <b class="b3">κατέσκ [εθε</b>] Alc.<span class="title">Supp.</span> la.12; imper. κατάσχες <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>555</span> (lyr.), later κατάσχε <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Ep.</span>38</span>(v.l.), <span class="title">PMag.Lond.</span>97.404; late aor. κατέσχα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PGen.</span> 54.22</span> (iv A.D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> trans., [[hold fast]], καλύπτρην χείρεσσι <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span> 575</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> [[hold back]], [[withhold]], εἴ με βίῃ ἀέκοντα καθέξει <span class="bibl">Il.15.186</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">11.702</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.15.200</span>; ἐν κολεῷ ξίφος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>10.6</span>: [[check]], [[restrain]], [[bridle]], ἑωυτόν <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.129</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Chrm.</span>162c</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Sam.</span>112</span>; [<b class="b3">γυναῖκε</b>] <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span> 190</span>; ἱππικὸν δρόμον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>754</span>; δάκρυ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>204</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ὀργήν, θυμόν, ὕβριν</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1011</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OC</span>874</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>555</span> (lyr.), etc.; δύνασιν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 605</span> (lyr.); τὴν διάνοιαν <span class="bibl">Th.1.130</span>; <b class="b3">κ. τὴν ἀγωγήν</b> [[put]] it [[off]], <span class="bibl">Id.6.29</span>; <b class="b3">κ. τὸ πλῆθος ἐλευθέρως, ἰσχύϊ</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.2.65</span>, <span class="bibl">3.62</span>; κ. τινὰ πολέμῳ <span class="bibl">Id.1.103</span>; τὰ δάκρυα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>117d</span>, al.; τὸν γέλωτα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.2.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">La.</span>184a</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>2.4</span>; <b class="b3">οὖρον</b> [[hold in]], Gal.8.407 (but -<b class="b3">όμενα [οὖρα</b>] as a disease, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Prorrh.</span>1.59</span>, cf. Gal.16.639); <b class="b3">ἑαυτὸν κατέχει μὴ ἐπιπηδᾶν</b> [[restrains]] himself [[from]]... <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>254a</span>:—Pass., to [[be held down]], γλῶσσα κατείχετο <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>5.50</span>; ἐπιθυμίας -ομένας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 554c</span>; [[to be bound]], ὁρκίοισι μεγάλοισι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.29</span>; ὑποσχέσει <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PAmh.</span> 2.97.17</span> (ii A.D.); τοῖς τινων ὀφειλήμασιν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PRyl.</span>117.13</span> (iii A.D.); of a nation, [[to be kept under]] (by tyrants), <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.59</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> [[detain]], κ. [αὐτοὺς] ἐνιαυτόν <span class="bibl">Id.6.128</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">8.57</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.8.100</span>; κ. [αὐτοὺς] ὥστε μὴ ἀπιέναι <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Mem.</span>2.6.11</span>:—Pass., to [[be detained]], [[stay]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.117</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>249</span>; περὶ Κρήτην <span class="bibl">Th.2.86</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">d</span> in imprecations, [[inhibit]] (cf. [[καταδέω]] (A) <span class="bibl">111</span>), <span class="title">Tab.Defix.Aud.</span>50.11 (iv B.C.), <span class="title">PMag.Par.</span>1.2077; Μανῆν καταδῶ καὶ κατέχω <span class="title">Tab.Defix.</span>109. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">e</span> [[place under arrest]], PFlor.61.60 (i A.D.), etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">f</span> [[keep]] an oath, ὅρκον <span class="title">SIG</span>526.39 (Itanos, iii B.C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c.gen., [[gain possession of]], [[be master of]], τῶν ἐπιστημῶν μὴ πάνυ κ. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Cat.</span>9a6</span>; τῆς ὀργῆς <span class="bibl">Philem.185</span> codd. Stob.; τῆς παραποταμίας βίᾳ κατέσχον <span class="bibl">D.S.12.82</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.14.1.9</span>; τῆς Ἀσίας ἐθνῶν <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Praef.</span> 9</span>; [[control]], τινων <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">1 Ma.</span>6.27</span>; <b class="b3">ἑαυτῶν</b> Erot.s.v.προπετής; μηκέτι κατέχων ἑαυτοῦ <span class="bibl">Hdn.1.15.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.7.3</span>; [[cling to]], τῶν κεράτων τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">3 Ki.</span>1.51</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[possess]], [[occupy]], esp.of rulers, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span> 732</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>81</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">σῴζειν ἅπερ ἃν ἅπαξ κατάσχωσι</b> whatever they [[have got]], <span class="bibl">Isoc.12.242</span>; esp. of property. [[enjoy possession of]], PTeb.5.47 (ii B.C.), etc. (but also, [[sequestrate]], PLille3.16 (Pass., iii B.C.), etc.); ὡς μηδὲν ἔχοντες καὶ πάντα κατέχοντες <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Cor.</span>6.10</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> [[dwell in]], [[occupy]], Ὀλύμπου αἴγλαν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>609</span> (lyr.); esp. of tutelary gods, <b class="b3">Παρνασίαν ὃς κ. πέτραν</b>, of Dionysus, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>603</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.1.1</span>, <span class="title">SIG</span>662.10 (Delos, ii B.C.), <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Alex.</span>10</span>; of a place, μέσον ὀμφαλὸν γᾶς Φοίβου κ. δόμος <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>223</span> (lyr.); of the dead. <b class="b3">θήκας Ἰλιάδος γᾶς… κατέχουσι</b> [[occupy]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>454</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1167</span> (anap.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of sound, [[fill]], οἱ δ' ἀλαλητῷ πᾶν πεδίον κατέχουσι <span class="bibl">Il. 16.79</span>; <b class="b3">κ. στρατόπεδον δυσφημίαις</b> [[fill]] it with his grievous cries, <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Ph.</span>10</span>; οἰμωγὴ… κατεῖχε πελαγίαν ἅλα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>427</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1133</span> (lyr.):—Pass., οἶκος κλαυθμῷ κατείχετο <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.111</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">πανδάκρυτον βιοτὰν κ</b>. [[continue to live]] a life... <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>690</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">to be spread over, cover</b>, νὺξ… δνοφερὴ κάτεχ' οὐρανόν <span class="bibl">Od.13.269</span>; ἡμέρα πᾶσαν κατέσχε γαῖαν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>387</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>572</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">τίνες αὖ πόντον κατέχουσ' αὖραι</b>; <span class="bibl">Cratin.138</span>; ὀσμὴ… κατὰ πᾶν ἔχει δῶ <span class="bibl">Hermipp.82.9</span>:—Pass., σελήνη… κατείχετο… νεφέεσσιν <span class="bibl">Od.9.145</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.17.368</span>, <span class="bibl">644</span>:—Med., Ep.aor., κατέσχετο χερσὶ πρόσωπα <span class="bibl">Od.19.361</span>; <b class="b3">κατασχομένη</b> <b class="b3">ἑανῷ</b> [[having covered her face]], <span class="bibl">Il.3.419</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> of the grave, [[confine]], [[cover]], τοὺς δ' ἤδη κάτεχεν φυσίζοος αἶα <span class="bibl">3.243</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.11.301</span>, Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.67</span>; as a threat, <b class="b3">πάρος τινὰ γαῖα καθέξει</b> sooner shall earth [[cover]] many a one, <span class="bibl">Il.16.629</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.13.427</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> of circumstances, etc., [[hold fast]], [[have]] one [[in their power]], μιν κατὰ γῆρας ἔχει χεῖράς τε πόδας τε <span class="bibl">Od.11.497</span>; <b class="b3">ὃν θάνατος δακρυόεις καθέχει</b> (sic) <span class="title">IG</span>12.987; ἐχθρὰ Φάλαριν κ. φάτις <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.96</span>; τινὰ… λάθα κ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">N.</span>8.24</span>; [φθορὰ] κ. τὸν σὸν δόμον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>370</span>; <b class="b3">τύχη, πόλεμος κ. τινά</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Hp.Ma.</span>304c</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.</span> 317a</span>; <b class="b3">κ. κίνδυνος Σικελίαν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">355d</span>; συνέβη λοιμώδη νόσον κατασχεῖν τὴν Ἰταλίαν <span class="bibl">Hdn.1.12.1</span>:—Pass., ὑπὸ μεγάλης ἀνάγκης κατεχόμενοι <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Lg.</span>858a</span>: rarely in good sense, ὁ δ' ὄλβιος, ὃν φᾶμαι κατέχοντ' ἀγαθαί <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>7.10</span>; μεγάλαι κ. τύχαι γένος ὀρνίθων <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1726</span> (lyr.); εὐμοιρίας -εχούσης τὸν βίον <span class="bibl">Hdn.2.5.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> of circumstances, etc., [[prevail]], [[prevail among]], [[engage]], ἄλλα τῶν κατεχόντων πρηγμάτων χαλεπώτερα <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.40</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.65</span>; <b class="b3">μεγάλοι θόρυβοι κατέχουσ' ἡμᾶς</b> murmurs [[are rife among]] us, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>142</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">φήμης ἀθρόας -σχούσης τὸ Ἑλληνικόν</b> a sudden rumour [[having overspread]] Greece, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VA</span>8.15</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span> [[seize]], [[occupy]], in right of [[conquest]], <b class="b3">τὸ Καδμείων πέδον</b> dub. in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span> 381</span>; esp. in histor. writers, -<b class="b3">σχήσειν [τὴν ἀκρόπολιν</b>] <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.72</span>; τὰ πρήγματα <span class="bibl">Id.3.143</span>; τὰ ἐχυρά <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.1.27</span>; τὰ κύκλῳ τῆς Ἀττικῆς ἁρμοσταῖς <span class="bibl">D.18.96</span>; φρουραῖς τὰς πόλεις Plu.2.177d. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">8</span> [[achieve]], [[effect]] an object, <span class="bibl">Isoc.2.25</span>; πρᾶξιν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1312a33</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">9</span> [[master]], [[understand]], οὐ κατέχω τί βούλει φράζειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>26c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Men.</span>72d</span>, <span class="bibl">Ceb.34</span>; περὶ φύσεως κ. πάντας τοὺς λόγους <span class="bibl">Sosip.1.17</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">33</span>; <b class="b3">κ. νοῦν στίχων</b> [[grasp]] the sense of... Puchstein <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>p.9. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> [[keep in mind]], [[remember]], χρήσιμον καὶ τοῦτο κατασχεῖν τὸ στοιχεῖον <span class="bibl">Epicur. <span class="title">Ep.</span>1p.10U.</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>26.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Epit.</span>109</span>; <b class="b3">κ. τινὰ ὀψοφάγον</b> Chrysipp.Tyan. ap. <span class="bibl">Ath.1.5e</span>; <b class="b3">κ. ὅτι, διότι</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>60.10</span> (iii B.C.), Phld.<span class="title">Herc.</span>1251.15:—Pass., <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Ep.</span>1p.31U.</span> </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">10</span> [[possess]], of a god, εἰ θεός ἐστιν ὁ σὰς κατέχων φρένας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLit.Lond.</span>52.12</span>; <b class="b3">τοιοῦτος ἔρως κατεῖχε τὴν ἄνθρωπον</b> she [[was]] so [[infatuated]], <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Alc.</span>23</span>; of an actor, <b class="b3">κ. τὸ θέατρον</b> [[held]] the audience [[spellbound]], <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Dem.</span>29</span> (but, [[kept]] the audience [[waiting]], [[Phoc]].<span class="bibl">19</span>); of poets, μύθοις [τοὺς ἀκούοντας] κ. <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">JTr.</span>39</span> (v.l. [[κατηχοῦσι]]):—mostly in Pass., of persons, [[to be possessed]], [[inspired]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ion</span>533e</span>; <b class="b3">ἐξ Ὁμήρου</b> ib.<span class="bibl">536b</span>; ἐκ θεῶν <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Smp.</span>1.10</span>; κάρῳ Phld.<span class="title">D.</span>1.18; <b class="b3">τὸ θέατρον κατείχετο</b> the audience [[was spellbound]], <span class="bibl">Eun.<span class="title">Hist.</span>p.247</span> D.; of hydrophobia patients, <span class="bibl">Philum. <span class="title">Ven.</span>4.11</span>; of a lover, <b class="b3">τῷ αὐτῷ θεῷ</b> (sc. <b class="b3">Ἔρωτι</b>) κατέσχημαι <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">DMort.</span>19.1</span>:—also in aor. Med., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>244e</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> [[follow close upon]], [[press hard]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.22</span> (dub.l.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyn.</span>6.22</span>:—Pass., ib. <span class="bibl">9.20</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> [[bring]] a ship [[to land]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.101</span>, <span class="bibl">7.59</span>, Plu.2.162a. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> intr., </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> (sc. <b class="b3">ἑαυτόν</b>) [[control oneself]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>782</span>; οὐκέτι καθέξω <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Pk.</span>394</span>; εἶπεν οὖν μὴ κατασχών <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Art.</span>15</span>; οὐ κατέσχεν <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">BC</span>3.43</span>: c. inf., κ. τὸ μὴ δακρύειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>117c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> [[stop]], [[cease]], of the wind, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>944</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">come from the high sea to shore, put in</b> (v. supr. IV), νηΐ Θορικόνδε <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>126</span>; τῆς Μαγνησίης χώρης ἐς τὸν αἰγιαλόν <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.188</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.101</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.1.25.7</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Thes.</span>21</span>; <b class="b3">τίνες ποτ' ἐς γῆν τήνδε… κατέσχετε</b>; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>221</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">270</span>, <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Heracl.</span>83</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.21</span>, etc.: c. acc. loci, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>1206</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyc.</span> 223</span>; of a journey by land, [[rest]], <b class="b3">προξένων δ' ἔν του κατέσχες</b>; <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ion</span> 551</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.5.71.2</span>: metaph., <b class="b3">εὖ κατασχήσει</b> [[shall come]] safe [[to land]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>503</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[prevail]], <b class="b3">ὁ λόγος κ</b>. the report [[prevails]], <span class="bibl">Th.1.10</span>; κληδὼν ἐν ἁπάσῃ τῇ πόλει κατεῖχεν <span class="bibl">And.1.130</span>; σεισμῶν -εχόντων <span class="bibl">Th.3.89</span>; ὁ βορέας κατεῖχεν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>345a1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">360b33</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">CP</span>1.5.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[gain the upper hand]], παρά τινι <span class="bibl">Thgn.262</span>; <b class="b2">gain one's purpose</b>, <span class="bibl">Lys.3.42</span>; ὁ δὲ κατεῖχε τῇ βοῇ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>434</span>; νομίζοντες ῥᾳδίως κατασχήσειν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1307b10</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">C</span> Med., <b class="b2">keep back for oneself, embezzle</b>, [<b class="b3">τὰ χρήματα</b>] <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.164</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[cover oneself]], v. supr. A.11.4. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[hold]], [[contain]], <span class="bibl">Plb.9.26a</span>.<span class="bibl">7</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> aor. Med., = [[κατέχω]] B. 2, <span class="bibl">Od.3.284</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in pass. sense, <b class="b3">τεαῖς ῥιπαῖσι κατασχόμενος</b> [[subdued]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.10</span>; <b class="b3">καρδίαν κατέσχετο ἔρωτι</b> [[was seized with]], [[possessed by]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>27</span>; v. supr.A. 11.10.</span>