ὑπόκειμαι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=used as Pass. of [[ὑποτίθημι]], fut. [[ὑποκείσομαι]] Pi.O.1.85, etc., but aor. [[ὑπετέθην]]:—<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[lie under]], ὑπὸ δὲ ξύλα κεῖται <span class="bibl">Il.21.364</span>; θεμέλιοι ὑ. <span class="bibl">Th.1.93</span>; τὸν μηρὸν ὑποκείμενον ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">IA</span>712b32</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PA</span>686a13</span>, <span class="bibl">689b18</span>: c. dat., τοιαύτης τῆς κρηπῖδος ὑποκειμένης ταῖς πολιτείαις <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>301e</span>: <b class="b3">τὰ ὑποκείμενα</b>, opp. <b class="b3">τὰ ὑπερκείμενα</b>, <span class="bibl">Sor.1.8</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of places, [[lie close to]], ὑποκειμένης τῆς Εὐβοίας ὑπὸ τὴν Ἀττικήν <span class="bibl">Isoc. 4.108</span>; ὑ. τὸ πεδίον τῷ ἱερῷ <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.118</span>; λόφος ὑποκείμενος τοῖς Σιννάκοις <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Crass.</span>29</span>; τὸ τὴν οἰκουμένην ὑποκεῖσθαι πρὸς τοῦτον τὸν τόπον <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>364a7</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pr.</span>941b39</span>; &lt;τὰ&gt; πρὸς βορρᾶν καὶ ἄρκτον ὑποκείμενα μέρη τῶν ὀρέων <span class="title">Gp.</span>2.5.1; <b class="b3">τὰ ὑποκείμενα ἐδάφη</b> the [[adjacent]] soil, <span class="bibl">D.S.3.50</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ-κειμένη χώρα</b> the [[adjacent]] country, ibid. (but, the [[adjacent low]] lands, <span class="bibl">Id.2.37</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Sert.</span>17</span>); ὄρος ὑπόκειται <span class="bibl">Plb.5.59.4</span> codd. (<b class="b3">ἐπίκ-</b> Schweigh.); ὁ ὑποκείμενος ποταμός <span class="bibl">Id.3.74.2</span>; <b class="b3">ὑποκεῖσθαι πρὸς τὴν οψιν</b> to [[be presented]] to the sight, Demetr.Lac.<span class="title">Herc.</span>1013.17. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> to [[be given below]] in the text, κατὰ τὴν . . συγγραφήν, ἧς τὸ ἀντίγραφον ὑπόκειται <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>355.122</span> (iii B. C.); <b class="b3">γράψον . . τοὺς χαρακτῆρας ὡς ὑπόκειται</b> as [[below]], PMag.Par.1.408; <b class="b3">λέγε τὸν λόγον τὸν ὑποκείμενον</b> ib.230; <b class="b3">ὡς ὑπόκειται</b> as [[below]], Sammelb.5231.11 (i A. D.), etc.; also, as [[set forth]], PKlein.Form.78 (v/vi A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> in various metaph. senses, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> to [[be established]], [[set before]] one (by oneself or another) as an aim or principle, <b class="b3">ἐμοὶ μὲν οὗτος ἄεθλος ὑποκείσεται</b> [[shall be]] my [[appointed]] task, Pi. l. c.; <b class="b3">δυοῖν ὑποκειμένοιν ὀνομάτοιν</b> two phrases [[being prescribed]], [[having legal sanction]], <span class="bibl">D.23.36</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπόκειται πρῶτον μὲν διωμοσία, δεύτερον δὲ λόγος</b> [[the prescribed course is]]... ib.71; <b class="b3">μένειν ἐπὶ τῶν ὑποκειμένων</b> to abide by one's [[resolves]], <span class="bibl">Plb.1.19.6</span>, <span class="bibl">2.51.1</span>; μένειν ἐπὶ τῆς ὑ. γνώμης <span class="bibl">Id.1.40.5</span>; <b class="b3">ἐμοὶ ὑπόκειται ὅτι</b> . . for me [[it is a fixed principle]] that... <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.123</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Oec.</span>1343b9</span>; νομίζω συμφέρειν . . τοῦθ' ὑποκεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">D.14.3</span>; <b class="b3">τῶν πραγμάτων ἐν οἷς τὰ ὑποκείμενα διαφέρει τῷ εἴδει</b> things of which the [[principles]] differ in kind, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1275a35</span>; <b class="b3">τὰς ὑποκειμένας μοίρας τξ</b> the [[conventional]] <span class="bibl">3600</span>, Ptol.<span class="title">Alm.</span>5.1. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> to [[be assumed as a hypothesis]] (cf. ὑπόθεσις 111), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>436d</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ὑπέκειτο μὴ οἷόν τε εἶναι</b> . . <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Erx.</span>404b</span>; τούτων ὑποκειμένων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prt.</span>359a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>478e</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν ἐκ τῶν -κειμένων ἀρίστην [πολιτείαν</b>] the best (possible) [[in the circumstances]], opp. to <b class="b3">τὴν κρατίστην ἁπλῶς</b> and to <b class="b3">τὴν ἐξ ὑποθέσεως</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Pol.</span>1288b26</span>; ὑποκείσθω τι [[let it be taken for granted]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">EN</span>1103b32</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1129a11</span>, al., Gal.15.175; <b class="b3">ὑποκείσθω ὅτι</b> . . [[let it be taken for granted]] that... <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1323b40</span>; ὑ. εἶναι τὴν ἡδονὴν κίνησιν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1369b33</span>: so with a nom., <b class="b3">ὑ. ἡ ἀρετὴ εἶναι</b> . . <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">EN</span>1104b27</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Rh.</span>1357a11</span>: c. part., τοιόνδε ζῷον ὑ. ὄν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">GA</span>778b17</span>: without any Verb, <b class="b3">ἡ τοῦ δέρματος φύσις ὑ. γεώδης</b> (sc. [[εἶναι]] or [[οὖσα]]) ib.<span class="bibl">782a29</span>, etc.: cf. [[ὑποτίθημι]] IV. ''1''. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> to [[be suggested]], τρόπῳ τῷ ἐξ ἐμεῦ -κειμένῳ <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.40</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> to [[be in prospect]], ἐλπὶς ὑπόκειται σφαλεῖσι κἂν αὐτοὺς διασῴζεσθαι <span class="bibl">Th.3.84</span>; αἱ ὑποκείμεναι προσδοκίαι καὶ αἱ ἐλπίδες <span class="bibl">D.19.24</span>; <b class="b3">παρ' ὑμῖν ὀργὴ μεγάλη καὶ τιμωρία ὑπόκειται τοῖς τὰ ψευδῆ μαρτυροῦσι</b> [[is reserved]] for them, <span class="bibl">Id.34.19</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Lycurg.130</span>; <b class="b3">δυοῖν κινδύνοιν -κειμένοιν</b> ibid.; ὁρᾶν τὸν θάνατον ὑποκείμενον <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>3p.73</span> (iii B. C.); φόβου ὑποκειμένου ὅτι οἴσει τι βέβαιον παρὰ σοῦ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>4.380.3</span> (iii B. C.); τοῦτο καὶ τοῖς μηθὲν ἀσεβὲς ἐπιτελεσαμένοις κατὰ τοὺς τοῦ πολέμου νόμους ὑπόκειται παθεῖν <span class="bibl">Plb.2.58.10</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[to be subject to]], [[submit to]], τῷ ἄρχοντι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>510c</span>; βασιλεῖ <span class="bibl">Philostr. <span class="title">VA</span>3.20</span>; πατράσιν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>237 vii 16</span> (ii A. D.); ἐξετάσεσιν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PFlor.</span>33.14</span> (iv A. D.); βασάνοις <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>58.25</span> (iii A. D.): abs., [[pay court to]] one, ὑποκείσονται δεόμενοι καὶ τιμῶντες <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>494c</span>; <b class="b3">τῷ λόγῳ</b> to [[be captivated]] by the story, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VA</span>6.14</span>; θρῆνοι -κείμενοι [[subdued]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">VS</span>2.4.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> [[to be subject to]], [[liable to]] a penalty, <span class="title">Supp.Epigr.</span>6.424, cf. 415,421, al. (Iconium), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>1.77.53</span> (vi A. D.): also c. acc., ὑποκείσεται τῷ φίσκῳ δηνάρια πεντακόσια <span class="title">Rev.Phil.</span>36.61 (Iconium). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> to [[be pledged]] or [[mortgaged]], c. gen., [[for]] a certain sum, <span class="bibl">Is.6.33</span>, <span class="bibl">D.49.11</span>,35; ναῦς ὑποκειμένη ἡμῖν <span class="bibl">Id.56.4</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ὑποκείμενα</b> the [[articles pledged]], Syngr. ap.<span class="bibl">D.35.12</span>; the [[mortgaged property]], <span class="title">SIG</span>1044.28 (Halic., iv/iii B. C.); ἐνέχυρα-κείμενα <span class="title">IG</span>12(7).58 (Amorgos); [[ὑποκείμενοι]], of slaves [[pledged for]] a sum of money, <span class="bibl">D.27.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> of payments, [[to have been granted]] or [[allocated]], <b class="b3">ἀποφαίνουσιν ὑποκεῖσθαι ἐν τῇ γραφῇ τῶν εἰς τὰ ἱερὰ</b> (sc. [[ὑποκειμένων]]) δίδοσθαι κτλ. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>21.4</span> (ii B. C.), cf. <span class="bibl">23.21</span> (ii B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span> 1197.4</span>, <span class="bibl">1200.28</span> (both i B. C.): Subst. <b class="b3">ὑποκείμενα, τά,</b> = [[φιλάνθρωπα]], [[salary]] (<b class="b2">ear-marked proceeds of taxes</b>), τὰ ἐπιβάλλοντά μοι ἐκ τοῦ ἱεροῦ ὑ. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>2.357.9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5</span> (i A. D.); ὑ. αἰτεῖ ἀπὸ τῶν κωμῶν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>23.12</span> (ii/iii A. D.), cf. <span class="title">OGI</span>665.19,26 (Egypt, i A. D.): c. dat., as part of name of specific taxes, ὑ. βασιλικῇ γραμματείᾳ <b class="b2">ear-marked for the benefit of . .</b>, PPar.17.22 (ii A. D.); ὑ. τοπογραμματείᾳ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>1.101.18</span> (ii A. D.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1436.23</span> (ii A. D.), etc.: also in sg., ὑποκείμενον ἐπιστρατηγία <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span> 199.14</span> (ii A. D.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PFlor.</span>375.22</span> (ii A. D.), etc.: also c. gen., ὑ. ἐννομίου <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PRyl.</span>213.72</span>, al. (ii A. D.); [[τοπαρχίας]] ib.<span class="bibl">73</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">8</span> in Philosophy, <b class="b2">to underlie, as the foundation in which something else inheres, to be implied or presupposed by something else</b>, ἑκάστῳ τῶν ὀνομάτων . . ὑ. τις ἴδιος οὐσία <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>349b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cra.</span>422d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>581c</span>, <span class="bibl">Ti.Locr.97e</span>: <b class="b3">τὸ ὑποκείμενον</b> has three main applications: (''1'') to the matter which underlies the form, opp. <b class="b3">εἶδος, ἐντελέχεια</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>983a30</span>; (<span class="bibl">2</span>) to the substance (matter + form) which underlies the accidents, opp. <b class="b3">πάθη, συμβεβηκότα</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cat.</span>1a20</span>,<span class="bibl">27</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Metaph.</span>1037b16</span>, <span class="bibl">983b16</span>; (<span class="bibl">3</span>) to the logical subject to which attributes are ascribed, opp. <b class="b3">τὸ κατηγορούμενον</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cat.</span>1b10</span>,<span class="bibl">21</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>189a31</span>: applications (''1'') and (<span class="bibl">2</span>) are distinguished in <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1038b5</span>, <span class="bibl">1029a1</span>-<span class="bibl">5</span>, <span class="bibl">1042a26</span>-<span class="bibl">31</span>: <b class="b3">τὸ ὑ</b>. is occasionally used of what underlies or is presupposed in some other way, e. g. of the positive termini presupposed by change, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>225a3</span>-<span class="bibl">7</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[exist]], <b class="b3">τὸ ἐκτὸς ὑποκείμενον</b> the external [[reality]], Stoic.2.48, cf. <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Ep.</span>1pp.12,24</span> U.; φῶς εἶναι τὸ χρῶμα τοῖς ὑ. ἐπιπῖπτον Aristarch. Sam. ap. <span class="title">Placit.</span>1.15.5; τὸ κρῖνον τί τε φαίνεται μόνον καὶ τί σὺν τῷ φαίνεσθαι ἔτι καὶ κατ' ἀλήθειαν ὑπόκειται <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>7.143</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">83</span>,<span class="bibl">90</span>,<span class="bibl">91</span>, <span class="bibl">10.240</span>; = [[ὑπάρχω, τὰ ὑποκείμενα πράγματα]] the [[existing]] state of affairs, <span class="bibl">Plb.11.28.2</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">11.29.1</span>, <span class="bibl">15.8.11</span>,<span class="bibl">13</span>, <span class="bibl">3.31.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Eun.<span class="title">VS</span>p.474</span> B.; Τίτος ἐξ ὑποκειμένων ἐνίκα, χρώμενος ὁπλις μοῖς καὶ τάξεσιν αἷς παρέλαβε <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Comp.Phil.Flam.</span>2</span>; τῆς αὐτῆς δυνάμεως ὑποκειμένης Id.2.336b; ἐχομένου τοῦ προσιόντος λόγου ὡς πρὸς τὸν ὑποκείμενον <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Synt.</span>122.17</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">ὁ ὑ. ἐνιαυτός</b> the year [[in question]], <span class="bibl">D.S.11.75</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ ὑ. καιροί</b> the time [[in question]], <span class="bibl">Id.16.40</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.2.63.6</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Comp.Sol.Publ.</span>4</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦ ὑ. μηνός</b> the [[current]] month, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>14.14</span> (ii B. C.), al.; <b class="b3">ἐκ τοῦ ὑ. φόρου</b> in return for a reduction from the [[said]] rent, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>649.18</span> (iii B. C.); <b class="b3">πρὸς τὸ ὑ. νόει</b> according to the [[context]], <span class="bibl">Gp.6.11.7</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">9</span> in logical arrangement, to [[be subject]] or [[subordinate]], τῇ . . ἰατρικῇ . . ἡ ὀψοποιικὴ . . ὑ. <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Grg.</span>465b</span>; ὁ τὴν καθόλου ἐπιστήμην ἔχων οἶδέ πως πάντα τὰ ὑποκείμενα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>982a23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">APo.</span>91a11</span>; ἑκάστη [τέχνη] περὶ τὸ αὐτῇ ὑ. ἐστι διδασκαλική <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1355b28</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">ἡ ὑ. ὕλη</b> the [[subject]]-matter of a science or treatise, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">EN</span>1094b12</span>, <span class="bibl">1098a28</span>, Phld.<span class="title">Po.Herc.</span>1676.3 (pl.); <b class="b3">τὸ ὑ</b>. the [[part affected]] by a disease, <span class="bibl">Plb.1.81.6</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> trans., = [[ὑποτέθειμαι]], I [[have appended]], ὧν τὸ καθ' ἓν ὑπόκειμαι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span> 140</span> (i B. C.); cf. [[παράκειμαι]] (Addenda).</span>