τομή: Difference between revisions

|Definition= ἡ, </span> (τέμνω) <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[end left after cutting]], [[stump]] of a tree, <b class="b3">ἐπεὶ δὴ πρῶτα τομὴν ἐν ὄρεσσι λέλοιπεν [τὸ σκῆπτρον</b>] <span class="bibl">Il.1.235</span>; <b class="b3">ῥιζῶν τομαί</b> [[the ends]] of the roots ([[left by cutting away]] the tree), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>534.5</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">ὀπὸν . . στάζοντα τομῆς</b> ib.<span class="bibl">2</span>; <b class="b3">δοκοῦ τ</b>. [[end]] of a beam, <span class="bibl">Th.2.76</span>; ἡ τοῦ καλάμου τ. <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>4.11.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Theoc.10.46</span>; <b class="b3">λίθοι ἐν τομῇ ἐγγώνιοι</b> stones cut square, <span class="bibl">Th.1.93</span> (sed leg. [[ἐντομῇ]]) <b class="b3">; σκέψαι τομῇ προσθεῖσα βόστρυχον</b> having fitted the lock to [[the place from which it was cut]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>229</span> (<b class="b3">σκέψαιτο μὴ</b> cod. M, distinxit Turnebus); <b class="b3">πρὸς τὴν τ. μεταστρέφειν</b> to the [[cut]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span> 190e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>532a4</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">Ταύροιο τ</b>. prob. = [[προτομή]] ''1'', <span class="bibl">Arat. 322</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> Math., [[section]], as a circle is the [[section]] of a sphere, a conic section of the cone, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>375b32</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pr.</span>912a13</span>, cf. <span class="title">App.Anth.</span>4.74 (Synesius); with or without [[κοινή]], [[the line in which two planes cut]] each other, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1060b14</span>, <span class="bibl">Euc.11.16</span>, <span class="bibl">Archim. <span class="title">Con.Sph.</span>11</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Apollon.Perg.<span class="title">Con.</span>1.4</span>, etc.; [[point of intersection]] of two lines, <span class="bibl">Archim.<span class="title">Spir.</span>20</span>, al., Ptol.<span class="title">Alm.</span>3.3, etc.: abstract use, <b class="b3">περὶ διωρισμένης τ</b>. [[On determinate section]], name of lost treatise of Apollon.Perg.; <b class="b3">τὰ περὶ τὴν τ</b>. the theorems about the [[section]] (sc. in extreme and mean ratio), <span class="bibl">Procl.<span class="title">in Euc.</span>p.67</span> F.:—in conic sections, <b class="b3">τομαὶ ἀντικείμεναι</b> opposite [[sections]], i.e. branches of hyperbola, <span class="bibl">Apollon.Perg.<span class="title">Con.</span>2.15</span>; <b class="b3">συζυγεῖς τ</b>. conjugate [[sections]] of hyperbolas, ib.<span class="bibl">17</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[incision]] or [[insection]] between parts of an insect's body (whence their name of [[ἔντομα]]), <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>682b25</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ἡ εἰς ἄπειρον τ</b>. infinite [[divisibility]], <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Ep.</span>1p.16U.</span> </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[cutting]], [[cleaving]], <b class="b3">ἐν τομᾷ σιδάρου</b> by [[stroke]] of iron, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>887</span> (lyr.); πελέκεως τ. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>160</span> (lyr.); φασγάνου τομαί <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Or.</span>1101</span>; [[cutting off]] or [[down]], ξύλου <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>700</span>; vine-[[cutting]], PCair.Zen. 736.29 (iii B.C.); [[cutting up]], εἰς τ. καὶ προσαγωγὴν χάλικος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>3p.290</span> (iii B.C.); [[hewing]], λίθων <span class="title">IG</span>12.336.7, 11, <span class="title">SIG</span>244 ii 58 (Delph., iv B.C.), <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).106i19, al. (Epid., iv B.C.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[use of the knife]] in surgery, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VC</span>13</span>; ἢ καύσει ἢ τομῇ χρησάμενος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>406d</span>; οὔτε τ. οὔτε καῦσις <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>62</span>; σιδήρου τ. <span class="bibl">Sor.1.80</span>: pl., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.53</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>403.6</span>; τὰς θεραπείας . . διὰ καύσεών τε καὶ τομῶν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>354a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ti.</span>65b</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[castration]], <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">Philops.</span>2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">τ. φαρμάκων</b> [[shredding]] of drugs, <span class="bibl">Conon 23.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[pruning]], ἀμπέλων <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">CP</span>3.14.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Paus.2.38.3</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b3">σκυτῶν τ</b>. [[cutting]] or [[shaping]] of leather, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Chrm.</span>173d</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> <b class="b3">αἱ τ. τῆς γῆς</b>, i.e. [[canals]], <span class="bibl">Lib. <span class="title">Or.</span>18.232</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[severance]], [[separation]], τ. καὶ διάκρισις <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>61d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">80e</span>; of number, [[division]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>738a</span>; <b class="b3">τομὴν ἔχειν ἔν τινι</b> to admit [[a distinction]] in... ib.<span class="bibl">944b</span>; <b class="b3">χρονικαὶ τ</b>. [[distinctions]] of tenses, <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Synt.</span>10.18</span>; [[process of division]] (sc. [[μεγέθους]]), <span class="bibl">Nicom. <span class="title">Ar.</span>1.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[logical division]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>261a</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APo.</span>95b30</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Metaph.</span> 1038a28</span>, Gal.10.899. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> metaph., [[conciseness]] or [[precision]] in expression, <span class="bibl">Eun.<span class="title">VS</span>p.461B.</span> </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">τ. πράγματος</b>, = [[decisio]], Gloss. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[a cut]], [[wound]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>632a18</span>, <span class="bibl">Aen.Tact.11.14</span>: metaph., [[wound]], πόλις δεδεγμένη τ. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cor.</span>16</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Per.</span>11</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[caesura]] in verse, <span class="bibl">Aristid.Quint.1.24</span>; more generally, [[break between successive words]], <span class="bibl">Hermog.<span class="title">Id.</span>2.10</span>, <span class="bibl">Heph.15.2</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Eust.740.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> [[edge]], [[cutting power]], σιδήρου <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Tact.</span>12.2</span>.</span>

|elrutext='''τομή:''' дор. [[τομά]] (ᾱ) ἡ [[τέμνω]]<br /><b class="num">1)</b> отрезок, пень Hom., Soph.;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> (отрезанный) конец, край: δοκοὺς ἀρτήσαντες ἁλύσεσι ἀπὸ τῆς τομῆς [[ἑκατέρωθεν]] Thuc. подвесив балки цепями, (укрепленными) на обоих концах;<br /><b class="num">3)</b> место отреза Plat., Arst.: τομῇ προσθεῖναί τι Aesch. приложить что-л. к месту отреза;<br /><b class="num">4)</b> разрез(ание), рассечение, отсечение, отрубание, тж. мед. операция: καύσει ἢ τομῇ [[χρῆσθαι]] Plat. прибегать к прижиганию или к хирургической операции; τ. ξύλου Soph. распиливание дерева; σκυτῶν τ. Plat. кройка кож, т. е. сапожное дело; λίθοι ἐν τομῇ ἐγγώνιοι Thuc. пригнанные друг к другу под (прямым) углом камни;<br /><b class="num">5)</b> удар или рана (σιδάρου Soph.; πελέκεως Eur.);<br /><b class="num">6)</b> кастрация Luc.;<br /><b class="num">7)</b> мат. сечение; (sc. κώνου) коническое сечение Arst.;<br /><b class="num">8)</b> (на теле насекомого) втяжка, перетяжка Arst.;<br /><b class="num">9)</b> разделение, раскол: δεδεγμένη τομὴν [[πόλις]] Plut. подвергшееся распадению государство; βαθυτάτην τομὴν τέμνειν Plut. вносить глубочайший раскол;<br /><b class="num">10)</b> мат. деление (ἀριθμοῦ Plat.);<br /><b class="num">11)</b> лог. деление, (рас)членение Arst.: τομὴν ἔχειν ἔν τινι Plat. проводить разграничение в чем-л.;<br /><b class="num">12)</b> хирургический нож, скальпель ([[σιδηρόχαλκος]] τ. Luc.);<br /><b class="num">13)</b> стих. цезура;<br /><b class="num">14)</b> прорытие (sc. τοῦ Ἰσθμοῦ Luc.).