σημαίνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">Il.10.58</span>, etc.; σᾱμαίνω, <span class="title">Schwyzer</span>686.23 (Pamphylia): Ion. impf. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> σημαίνεσκον <span class="bibl">Q.S.4.193</span>: fut. σημᾰνῶ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>497</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.6.20</span>, Ion. -ᾰνέω <span class="bibl">Od.12.26</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.75</span>: aor. [[ἐσήμηνα]] ib.<span class="bibl">43</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.5.71</span>, Ep. σήμηνα <span class="bibl">Il.23.358</span>; but in codd. of X. (<span class="bibl"><span class="title">HG</span>1.1.2</span>, al.) and later writers (<span class="bibl">Str.13.3.6</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>25.27</span>, <span class="bibl">Polyaen.1.41.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">An.</span>1.6.2</span>) [[ἐσήμᾱνα]], and so in Mitteis <span class="title">Chr.</span>29.8 (ii B.C.): pf. σεσήμαγκα Aristobul. ap. <span class="bibl">Eus. <span class="title">PE</span>13.12</span>, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>3.26.29</span>:—Med., fut. [[σημᾰνοῦμαι]], Ion. -έομαι <span class="bibl">Hp. <span class="title">Prog.</span>3</span>, etc.: aor. ἐσημηνάμην <span class="bibl">Il.7.175</span>, etc.:—Pass., fut. σημανθήσομαι <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>8.267</span>, (ἐπι-) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span> 1593</span>: fut. Med. in pass. sense, <span class="bibl">Hp. <span class="title">Int.</span>44</span>: aor. ἐσημάνθην <span class="bibl">D.47.16</span>: pf. σεσήμασμαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.39</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.32.7</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>954a</span>, etc.; 3sg. σεσήμανται <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.125</span>, inf. σεσημάνθαι <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Lys.</span>1196</span>: (σῆμα):—[[show by a sign]], [[indicate]], [[point out]], τέρματα <span class="bibl">Il.23.358</span>; δείξω ὁδὸν ἠδὲ ἕκαστα σημανέω <span class="bibl">Od.12.26</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦτον σημήνας</b> [[after indicating]] the person, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.5</span>; τέκμαρ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>667</span>; θησαύρισμα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 37</span>; σ. τι περί τινος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>682a</span>; σ. ὅ τι χρὴ ποιεῖν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ap.</span>12</span>; <b class="b3">σ. εὔδια πάντα</b> (sc. [[εἶναι]]) <span class="bibl">Theoc.22.22</span>:—Med., <b class="b3">πάντα σημαίνει</b> [[you have]] all things [[shown you]] (?), <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>1039.11 (Limyra). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> abs., [[give signs]], <b class="b3">φθόγγος, φῶς σ</b>., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>245</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ag.</span>293</span>; ὁ λόγος σημαινέτω <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>345</span>; <b class="b3">σ. καπνῷ</b> [[make signal]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>497</span>: freq. in E. in fut. with αὐτός, πλοῦς αὐτὸς σημανεῖ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hel.</span>151</span>; τὸ δ' ἔργον αὐτὸ σημανεῖ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Andr.</span>265</span>; <b class="b3">αὐτὸ σημανεῖ</b> (without Subst.) <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>623</span>; τἄλλα δ' αὐτὸ σημανεῖ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ba.</span> 976</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> of the Delphic oracle, οὔτε λέγει οὔτε κρύπτει ἀλλὰ σημαίνει <span class="bibl">Heraclit.93</span>; so of omens, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.1.2</span>, etc.; σ. ἐν τοῖς ἱεροῖς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>6.1.31</span>; περί τινος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.1.19</span>; ἐπὶ τοῖς μέλλουσι γενήσεσθαι <span class="bibl">Th.2.8</span>; πρὸ τῶν μελλόντων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>5.4.17</span>:—Pass., σημαίνεσθαι διὰ τῶν ἐμπύρων Plu.2.222f, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> in later Prose intr., [[appear]], [[be manifest]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>533a11</span> (but Pass. in same sense, ib.<span class="bibl">588b18</span>); σ. ἐκ τῶν εἰρημένων <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Epin.</span>989a</span>; cf. [[δηλόω]] ''ΙΙ''. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[σημαίνει]] impers., [[signs appear]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>941b2</span>, <span class="bibl">944a4</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[give a sign]] or [[signal to do]] a thing, or [[bid]] one do it, c. dat. pers. et inf., <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.116</span>, <span class="bibl">6.78</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>26</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>688</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.1.24</span>; [[give orders to]], [[bear command over]], c. dat., πᾶσι δὲ σημαίνειν <span class="bibl">Il.1.289</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">10.58</span>, <span class="bibl">17.250</span>; c. gen., στρατοῦ <span class="bibl">Il.14.85</span>; also σ. ἐπὶ δμῳῇσι γυναιξίν <span class="bibl">Od.22.427</span>: abs., [[give orders]], ὁ δὲ σημαίνων ἐπέτελλεν <span class="bibl">Il.21.445</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.22.450</span>: in part., [[σημαίνων]],= [[σημάντωρ]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>704</span> codd. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> in war or battle, [[give the signal]] of attack, etc., <span class="bibl">Th.2.84</span>, etc.; in full, σ. τῇ σάλπιγγι <span class="bibl">And.1.45</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span> 4.2.1</span>, <span class="bibl">Achae.37.3</span>; σ. τῷ κέρατι ὡς ἀναπαύεσθαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.2.4</span>: c. acc., <b class="b3">σ. ἀναχώρησιν</b> [[give a signal for]] retreat, <span class="bibl">Th.5.10</span>; ἐπειδὰν ὁ σαλπιγκτὴς σημήνῃ τὸ πολεμικόν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>4.3.29</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.3.32</span>; τὸ ἀνακλητικόν Plu.2.236e: c. inf., <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.18</span>, etc.: impers. [[σημαίνει]] (sc. <b class="b3">ὁ σαλπιγκτής</b>), [[signal is given]], as <b class="b3">τοῖσι Ἕλλησι ὡς ἐσήμηνε</b> when [[signal was given]] for the Greeks to attack, <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.11</span>: c. inf., <b class="b3">ἐσήμαινε παραρτέεσθαι πάντα</b> [[signal was given]] to make all ready, <span class="bibl">Id.9.42</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>830</span>; also <b class="b3">σ. ἐπὶ πλόον πῦρ</b> [[gives the signal]] for sailing, <span class="bibl">Tryph.145</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> generally, <b class="b3">σ. [τῷ ἵππῳ] τι, προχωρεῖν σ. τῷ ἵππῳ</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>9.4</span>, <span class="bibl">7.10</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[make signals]], εἰς τὴν πόλιν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HG</span>6.2.33</span>; <b class="b3">σ. ὡς πολεμίων ἐπιόντων</b> ib.<span class="bibl">7.2.5</span>:—Pass., <b class="b3">ἐσημάνθησαν προσπλέουσαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">6.2.34</span>: abs., σημανθέντων τῷ Ἀστυάγει ὅτι . . <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.18</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[signify]], [[indicate]], [[declare]], φόνον <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>1218</span>; τινί τι <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.18</span>, <span class="bibl">9.49</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>226</span>: followed by <b class="b3">ὡς . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.34</span>; by <b class="b3">ὅτι . .</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>320</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>62c</span>; σ. ὅστις <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>618</span>; <b class="b3">σ. ὅ τι χρή σοι συμπράσσειν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">297</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">σ. ὅπῃ γῆς πεπλάνημαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">564</span> (anap.); σ. ὅπου . . <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1294</span>; σ. ὅτου τ' εἶ χὠπόθεν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>104</span>; σ. εἴτε . . <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>22</span>; σ. ποίῳ θανάτῳ . . <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Jo.</span>12.33</span>, <span class="bibl">21.19</span>: c. part., [[signify that]] a thing is, φρυκτοῦ φῶς . . σημαίνει μολόν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>293</span>; Κρέοντα προσστείχοντα σημαίνουσί μοι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>79</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OC</span>1669</span>; ταῦτα ὡς πολέμου ὄντος σημαίνει <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>626e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">722e</span>:—Pass., <b class="b3">ὁ σημαινόμενος δοῦλος</b> the [[abovementioned]] slave, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>283.12</span> (i A.D.): abs., σημανθέντος [[it having been reported]], PAmh.2.31.8 (ii B.C.), cf. supr. 11.4. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[interpret]], [[explain]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.108</span>; [[tell]], [[speak]], <span class="bibl">Id.3.106</span>: abs., [[σήμαινε]] [[tell]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>51</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">OT</span>1050</span>; οὐ στηλῶν μόνον σ. ἐπιγραφή <span class="bibl">Th.2.43</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> of a writer, [[signify]], [[indicate]], ὅτι . . <span class="bibl">Str.8.6.5</span>; of words, sentences, etc., [[signify]], [[mean]], ταὐτὸν σημαίνει <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>393a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">437c</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phdr.</span>275d</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 213b30</span>, etc.; [[σημαίνοντα]] [[significant sounds]], opp. [[ἄσημα]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Po.</span>1457a32</span>sq.:—Pass., <b class="b3">τὸ σημαινόμενον</b> the [[sense]], [[meaning]] of words, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Rh.</span> 1405b8</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Th.</span>31</span>, <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span>12.27</span>, al.; opp. <b class="b3">τὸ σημαῖνον</b>, <span class="bibl">Chrysipp.Stoic.2.38</span>(pl.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">B</span> Med. [[σημαίνομαι]], [[give oneself a token]], i.e. [[conclude from signs]], [[conjecture]], τὰ μὲν σημαίνομαι, τὰ δ' ἐκπέπληγμαι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>32</span>; <b class="b3">ἄστροις σ. [τὰς πόλεις</b>], [[proverb|prov.]] in <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>7.48</span>; <b class="b3">σ. τι ἔκ τινος</b> ib.<span class="bibl">2.7</span>; of dogs hunting, μυξωτῆρσι σ. τι <span class="bibl">Opp.<span class="title">C.</span>1.454</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[provide with a sign]] or [[mark]], [[seal]], <b class="b3">σημαίνεσθαι βύβλῳ</b> (sc. [[βοῦν]]), i.e. by sealing a strip of byblus round his horn, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.38</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>954c</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.2.17</span>, <span class="bibl">Is. 7.1</span>,<span class="bibl">2</span>, <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Ath.</span>8</span>:—Pass., <b class="b3">εὖ σεσημάνθαι</b> to [[be]] well [[sealed up]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span> 1196</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ σεσημασμένα</b>, opp. <b class="b3">τὰ ἀσήμαντα</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>954a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Lys.32.7</span>, <span class="bibl">D.39.17</span>, <span class="title">Ath.Mitt.</span>7.368. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[mark out]], [[choose for oneself]], τοὺς εὐρωστοτάτους <span class="bibl">Plb.3.71.7</span>.</span>

|elrutext='''σημαίνω:''' дор. [[σαμαίνω|σᾱμαίνω]] (fut. σημᾰνῶ - эп.-ион. σημᾰνέω, aor. [[ἐσήμηνα]] - эп. σήμηνα, дор. ἐσήμᾱνα; pf. σεσήμαγκα; pass.: fut. σημανθήσομαι, aor. ἐσημάνθην, pf. [[σεσήμασμαι]] - inf. σεσημάνθαι, part. pf. σεσημασμένος; adj. verb. [[σημαντός]], [[σημαντέος]])<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[обозначать]], [[отмечать]] (τέρματα Hom.): σεμαίνεσθαι τοὺς εὐρωστοτάτους Polyb. отбирать себе самых крепких здоровьем;<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[показывать]], [[указывать]] (τινά τινι Her.; φωνὴ σημαίνουσα ὅ τι χρὴ ποιεῖν Xen.);<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[обнаруживать]], [[выявлять]] (τι περί τινος Plat.): [[τἄλλα]] δ᾽ αὐτὸ σημανεῖ Eur. остальное само собою обнаружится; σ. τὸ [[πολεμικόν]] Xen. давать сигнал к атаке;<br /><b class="num">4</b> [[подавать сигнал]], [[сигнализировать]] (καπνῷ Aesch.): [[φῶς]] σημαίνει τινί Aesch. подается световой сигнал кому-л.; ὡς ἐσήμηνε impers. Her. когда был подан сигнал;<br /><b class="num">5</b> [[давать знамение]] (τινὶ ἐν τοῖς ἱεροῖς Xen.): ἐπὶ τοῖς μέλλουσι γενήσεσθαι σημῆναι Thuc. служить предзнаменованием того, что предстоит;<br /><b class="num">6</b> [[обнаруживаться]], [[следовать]] (ὡς σημαίνειν ἐκ τῶν εἰρημένων μοι δοκεῖ Plat.);<br /><b class="num">7</b> [[указывать]], [[приказывать]], [[предписывать]], [[велеть]] (τινὶ ποιεῖν τι Her., Xen., Trag.): μὴ σημήναντός [[σου]] Plat. без твоего приказания; σ. στρατοῦ Hom. командовать войском; σ. ἐπὶ δμωῇσι γυναιξίν Hom. распоряжаться служанками; ὁ δὲ σημαίνων ἐπέτελλεν Hom. он давал руководящие указания;<br /><b class="num">8</b> [[сообщать]], [[докладывать]], [[объявлять]] (πάντα τινί Soph.): σ. τινὶ τὰ καταλαβόντα Her. докладывать кому-л. о происшедшем; [[ὥσπερ]] [[ἐσήμηνα]] Her. как я упомянул (выше);<br /><b class="num">9</b> [[обозначать]], [[значить]] ([[ταῦτα]] τὰ ὀνόματα [[σχεδόν]] τι ταὐτὸν σημαίνει Plat.): τὰ σημαίνοντα (sc. ὀνόματα) Plat. знаменательные слова; τὸ σημαινόμενον Arst. значение, смысл;<br /><b class="num">10</b> преимущ. med. запечатывать: γράψας καὶ σημηνάμενος Xen. написав и запечатав, т. е. в запечатанном письме; τά τε σεσημασμένα καὶ τὰ ἀσήμαντα Plat. как опечатанные, так и неопечатанные вещи;<br /><b class="num">11</b> med. [[заключать]] (на основании признаков), догадываться: τὰ μὲν σημαίνομαι, τὰ δ᾽ ἐκπέπληγμαι Soph. по одним признакам я догадываюсь, другими же я смущен.

|mdlsjtxt=[[σῆμα]]<br /><b class="num">I.</b> to [[show]] by a [[sign]], [[indicate]], make [[known]], [[point]] out, Hom., etc.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> absol. to [[give]] signs, make signals, Il., Trag.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> to [[give]] a [[sign]] or [[signal]] to do a [[thing]], Il.; c. inf., Hdt., etc.; μὴ σημήναντός σου without any [[order]] from you, Plat.:—c. gen. to [[bear]] [[command]] [[over]], τινός or ἐπί τισι Hom.: absol. to [[give]] orders, Hom.; σημαίνων = [[σημάντωρ]], Soph.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> in war, to [[give]] the [[signal]] of [[attack]], Thuc.; ση. τῆι σάλπιγγι Xen.; ση. ἀναχώρησιν to make [[signal]] for [[retreat]], Thuc.:—impers., σημαίνει (sc. ὁ [[σαλπιγκτής]]) [[signal]] is given, τοῖς Ἕλλησι ὡς ἐσήμηνε [[when]] [[signal]] was given for the Greeks to [[attack]], Hdt.; ἐσήμαινε πάντα παραρτέεσθαι [[signal]] was given to make all [[ready]], Hdt.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> to [[signify]], [[indicate]], [[announce]], [[declare]], Eur., Hdt., [[Attic]]<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[generally]], to [[signify]], [[interpret]], [[explain]], Hdt., Aesch.; absol., σήμαινε [[tell]], Soph.<br /><b class="num">IV.</b> = [[σφραγίζω]], to [[stamp]] with a [[sign]] or [[mark]], to [[seal]], Lat. obsignare, [[mostly]] in Mid., Xen.:—Pass., εὖ σεσημάνθαι to be well sealed up, Ar.; τὰ σεσημασμέναι, opp. to τὰ ἀσήμαντα, Dem.<br />B. Mid. σημαίνομαι, like [[τεκμαίρομαι]], to [[give]] [[oneself]] a token, i. e. [[conclude]] from signs, [[conjecture]], Soph.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> to [[mark]] for [[oneself]], σημαίνεσθαι βύβλωι (sc. βοῦν), i. e. by sealing a [[strip]] of byblus [[round]] his [[horn]], Hdt.