καταβαίνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Dor. [[καβαίνω]] Alcm.38: <span class="bld">A</span> fut. καταβήσομαι Hes.''Th.''750, etc.: pf. <b class="b3">καταβέβηκα</b>; Boeot. part. καταβεβάων ''IG''7.3055: aor. κατέβην Il.10.541, Pi.''O.''9.43, etc.; ''poet.'' 3pl. κατέβαν Il.24.329, κατέβησαν [[LXX]] ''2 Ki.''23.13; imper. κατάβηθι Od.23.20, Ar.''Lys.''873, Lacon. κάβασι [[Hesychius Lexicographus|Hsch.]], κατάβᾱ Ar.''V.''979, ''Ra.''35; Ep. 1pl. subj. [[καταβήομεν]] ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] καταβείομεν) Il.10.97; late 3sg. opt. κατάβοι [[LXX]] ''2 Ki.''1.21 (cod. B), Conon 45.2J.; ''poet.'' part. καββάς Pi.''N.''6.51; Ep. inf. καταβήμεναι Il.14.19:—Med., Ep. aor. 1 κατεβήσετο 6.288, 13.17, Od.2.337, al. (with [[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[κατεβήσατο]]); imper. καταβήσεο Il.5.109:—[[go down from]] or [[come down from]]... c. gen., <b class="b3">πόλιος κ.</b> 24.329; <b class="b3">οὐρανόθεν κ.</b> 11.184; Παρνασοῦ Pi.''O.''9.43, etc.: also with Preps., ἐξ ὄρεος Il.13.17; ἐς πεδίον 3.252, etc.: also c. acc. loci, θάλαμον κατεβήσετο Od.2.337; <b class="b3">κ. Ἀΐδαν, Ἀΐδα δόμον</b>, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Antigone|Ant.]]''822 (anap.), E.''Heracl.''913 (lyr.); but κατέβην δόμον Ἄϊδος εἴσω Od.23.252 (later abs., [[die]], Lib.''Or.''38.16); <b class="b3">ἔσω κ.</b> Hes.''Th.''750: also c. acc. in quite different senses, <b class="b3">κατέβαιν' ὑπερώϊα</b> she [[came down from]] the upper floor, Od.18.206, 23.85; <b class="b3">κλίμακα κατεβήσετο</b> [[came down]] the ladder, 1.330 (κ. κατὰ τῆς κλίμακος Lys. 1.9); <b class="b3">ξεστὸν ἐφόλκαιον καταβάς</b> [[having got down by]] the [[lading]]-[[plank]], Od.14.350: abs., <b class="b3">καταβαίνειν δ' οὐ σχολή</b> [[come downstairs]], Ar. ''Ach.''409; esp.<br><span class="bld">1</span> [[dismount from]] a [[chariot]] or from [[horseback]], δίφρου Il.5.109; ἐκ τῆς ἁρμαμάξης [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.76; ἀφ' ἁρμάτων Pi.''N.''6.51; ἀπὸ τοῦ ἵππου [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''5.5.6; but <b class="b3">κ. ἀπὸ τῶν ἵππων</b> [[give up]] riding, D.42.24, cf. Arist.''Ath.''49.1:—hence in Pass., <b class="b3">ἵππος καταβαίνεται</b> the horse [[is dismounted from]], X.''Eq.''11.7.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[go down from the inland parts to the sea]], esp. from central Asia (cf. [[ἀναβαίνω]] II.3), [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.94, etc.; also from Athens, <b class="b3">κ. ἐς Πειραιᾶ, ἐς λιμένα</b>, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 327a, ''Tht.''142a.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[go down into the scene of contest]], <b class="b3">γυμνὸν ἐπὶ στάδιον κ.</b> Pi.''P.''11.49; <b class="b3">κ. ἐπ' αὐτὸ τοῦτο</b> (''[[sc.]]'' <b class="b3">τὸ ἀεθλεύειν</b>) [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.22: abs., = Lat. [[in certamen descendere]], Pi.''N.''3.42, S.''Tr.''504(lyr.), X.''An.''4.8.27; cf. [[καταβατέον]]; μέτρῳ [[καταβαίνειν]] '[[seek no more contests]]' ([[μέτρῳ]] by [[litotes]] for [[μή]]), Pi.''P.''8.78; <b class="b3">μεθ' ὅπλων κ.</b> [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''834c.<br><span class="bld">4</span> of an [[orator]], [[come down from the tribune]], Lys.12.92, D.19.23, etc.; rarely in full, <b class="b3">κ. ἀπὸ τοῦ βήματος</b> ib.113; so κατάβα.—καταβήσομαι Ar.''V.''979; later, also <b class="b3">κ. ἀπὸ τοῦ λόγου, ἀπὸ τῶν ἰαμβείων</b>, to [[cease]] from... Luc.''Tox.''35, ''Nec.''1.<br><span class="bld">5</span> less freq. of things, πρὶν… καταβήμεναι ἐκ Διὸς οὖρον Il.14.19; of tears, [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Andromache|Andr.]]''111 (eleg.); of [[stream]]s, Pl.''Criti.''118d; of the womb, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]''582b24; <b class="b3">πόσσω κατέβα τοι ἀφ' ἱστῶ</b>; at what price did [the robe] [[come down]] from the [[loom]]? Theoc.15.35; of the heavenly bodies, [[set]], Vett.Val.31.3.<br><span class="bld">II</span> metaph.,<br><span class="bld">1</span> [[attain]], πόμπιμον κατέβαινε νόστου τέλος Pi.''N.''3.25; κ. ἐπὶ τελευτήν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 511b: abs., [[attain one's end]], <b class="b3">ἐν φάει κ.</b> Pi.''N.''4.38; simply, [[come]] to, [[arrive]] at in course of speaking, <b class="b3">κατέβαινε ἐς λιτάς</b> he [[ended]] with prayer, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.116: usually c. part., <b class="b3">κατέβαινε αὖτις παραιτεόμενος</b> ib.90, cf. 118, 9.94; [[καταβάς]], of a writer, Eun.''VS''p.454B.<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">κ. εἰς</b>… [[conform to]], εἰς τοὺς Χρόνους κ. τούτους Arist.''Pol.''1335a11.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[condescend]], Timocl.1.2 D.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[fall in value]], POxy.1223.33 (iv A.D.), cf. Poll.1.51.<br><span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">λέγεται μηδὲν αὐτοῖς τούτων καταβαίνειν</b>, of [[abusive]] language, does not [[affect]] them or [[get home]], Chrysipp.Stoic.2.242.