consuetudo: Difference between revisions

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|lshtext=<b>consŭētūdo</b>: ĭnis, f. [[consuesco]].<br /><b>I</b> A [[being]] [[accustomed]], [[custom]], [[habit]], [[use]], [[usage]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen. ([[very]] freq. in all periods, esp. in [[prose]]): [[exercitatio]] ex quā [[consuetudo]] gignitur, Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 358: dicunt ... consuetudine [[quasi]] alteram naturam effici, id. Fin. 5, 25, 74: ad parentium consuetudinem moremque deducimur, id. Off. 1, 32, 118; id. Mil. 1, 1; id. Clu. 38, 96: majorum, id. Div. in Caecil. 21, 67; cf. id. ib. 2, 5: Siculorum ceterorumque Graecorum, id. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129; id. de Or. 2, 3, 13; Caes. B. G. 1, 45; cf. id. ib. 1, 43: eorum dierum, id. ib. 2, 17: non est meae consuetudinis rationem reddere, etc., Cic. Rab. Perd. 1, 1: con [[suetudo]] mea fert, id. Caecin. 29, 85: consuetudinem [[tenere]], etc., id. Phil. 1, 11, 27: haec ad nostram consuetudinem sunt levia, Nep. Epam. 2, 3: [[contra]] morem consuetudinemque civilem aliquid facere, Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148: [[quod]] [[apud]] Germanos ea [[consuetudo]] esset, ut, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 50; cf. [[with]] ut, id. ib. 4, 5: cottidianae vitae, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 42: virtutem ex consuetudine vitae sermonisque nostri interpretemur, Cic. Lael. 6, 21; cf.: vitae meae, id. Rab. Perd. 1, 2; and sermonis, id. Fat. 11, 24; Quint. 1, 6, 45: [[communis]] sensūs, Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 12: jam in proverbii consuetudinem venit, id. Off. 2, 15, 55: victūs, id. Att. 12, 26, 2; Caes. B. G. 1, 31: otii, Quint. 1, 3, 11 al.: peccandi, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 76, § 176; Quint. 7, 2, 44: splendidior loquendi, Cic. Brut. 20, 78: loquendi, Quint. 1, 6, 43; 11, 1, 12: dicendi, Cic. Mur. 13, 29; Quint. 2, 4, 16: docendi, id. 2, 5, 2: vivendi, id. 1, 6, 45: [[immanis]] ac [[barbara]] hominum immolandorum, Cic. Font. 10, 21; cf.: classium certis diebus audiendarum, Quint. 10, 5, 21 al.: indocta, Cic. Or. 48, 161: [[mala]], * Hor. S. 1, 3, 36: assidua, Quint. 1, 1, 13: longa, id. 2, 5, 2: [[vetus]], id. 1, 6, 43: [[communis]], id. 11, 1, 12; 12, 2, 19: [[vulgaris]], id. 2, 13, 11; Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 248: [[bene]] facere jam ex consuetudine in naturam vortit, Sall. J. 85, 9: omnia quae in consuetudine probantur, [[generally]], Cic. Ac. 2, 24, 75: negant [[umquam]] solam hanc alitem (aquilam) fulmine exanimatam. Ideo armigeram Jovis [[consuetudo]] judicavit, the [[general]] [[opinion]], Plin. 10, 3, 4, § 15.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With prepp., ex consuetudine, pro consuetudine, and absol. consuetudine, according to or from [[custom]], by or from [[habit]], in a [[usual]] or [[customary]] [[manner]], etc.: [[Germani]] [[celeriter]] ex consuetudine suā phalange factā [[impetus]] gladiorum exceperunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 52; so [[with]] ex, Sall. J. 71, 4; 85, 9; Quint. 2, 5, 1; Suet. Ner. 42 al.: pro meā consuetudine, according to my [[custom]], Cic. Arch. 12, 32: consuetudine suā [[Caesar]] [[sex]] legiones expeditas ducebat, Caes. B. G. 2, 19; 2, 32: consuetudine [[animus]] [[rursus]] te huc inducet, Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 41: huc cum se consuetudine reclinaverunt, Caes. B. G. 6, 27 fin.; so id. ib. 7, 24, 2; Sall. J. 31, 25 al.—Less freq.: [[praeter]] consuetudinem, [[contrary]] to [[experience]], [[unexpectedly]] (opp. [[praeter]] naturam), Cic. Div. 2, 28, 60: [[plures]] [[praeter]] consuetudinem armatos apparere, [[contrary]] to [[custom]], Nep. Hann. 12, 4; cf.: [[contra]] consuetudinem, Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148: [[supra]] consuetudinem, Cels. 2, 2.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Esp.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Customary [[right]], [[usage]] as a [[common]] [[law]]: (jus) [[constat]] ex his partibus: naturā, lege, consuetudine, judicato ... consuetudine jus est id, [[quod]] [[sine]] lege [[aeque]] ac si legitimum [[sit]], usitatum est, Auct. Her. 2, 13, 19; Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 162: consuetudine jus esse putatur id, [[quod]] voluntate omnium [[sine]] lege [[vetustas]] comprobavit, id. ib. 2, 22, 67; Varr. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 7, 601; Cic. Caecin. 8, 23; id. Div. in Caecil. 2, 5; Dig. 1, 3, 32.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In gram. ([[instead]] of [[consuetudo]] loquendi; cf. [[supra]]), a [[usage]] or idiom of [[language]], Varr. L. L. in 8th> and 9th books on [[almost]] [[every]] [[page]]; Cic. Or. 47, 157; Quint. 1, 6, 3; 1, 6, 16; 2, 5, 2.—Hence,<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In Col. for [[language]] in gen.: consuetudini [[Latinae]] oeconomicum Xenophontis tradere, Col. 12, praef. § 7: nostra (opp. Graeca), id. 6, 17, 7.—<br /><b>II</b> Social [[intercourse]], [[companionship]], [[familiarity]], [[conversation]] (freq. and [[class]]; in an honorable [[sense]] [[most]] freq. in Cic.).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen.: ([[Deiotarus]]) cum hominibus nostris consuetudines, amicitias, res rationesque jungebat, Cic. Deiot. 9, 27; so in plur.: victūs cum multis, id. Mil. 8, 21; and in sing.: victūs, id. Or. 10, 33: [[domesticus]] [[usus]] et [[consuetudo]] est alicui cum [[aliquo]], id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15; cf. id. Fam. 13, 23, 1: consuetudine conjuncti [[inter]] nos sumus, id. Att. 1, 16, 11: consuetudine ac familiaritate, id. Quint. 3, 12; so [[with]] [[familiaritas]], id. Fam. 10, 3, 1: [[dare]] se in consuetudinem, id. Pis. 28, 68: insinuare in alicujus consuetudinem, id. Fam. 4, 13, 6; cf.: immergere se in consuetudinem alicujus, id. Clu. 13, 36: epistularum, epistolary [[correspondence]], id. Fam. 4, 13, 1: nutrimentorum, [[community]], Suet. Calig. 9.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In partic., [[intercourse]] in [[love]], in an honorable, and [[more]] freq. in a dishonorable [[sense]], a [[love]] [[affair]], an amour, [[love]] intrique, [[illicit]] [[intercourse]], Ter. And. 3, 3, 28; id. Hec. 3, 3, 44; Suet. Tib. 7; id. Ner. 35; Ter. And. 1, 1, 83; 1, 5, 44; 2, 6, 8; Liv. 39, 9, 6 and 7; Quint. 5, 11, 34; Suet. Tit. 10 al.— So also freq.: [[consuetudo]] stupri, Sall. C. 23, 3; Suet. Calig. 24; id. Oth. 2; Curt. 4, 10, 31.

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