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πταίω: Difference between revisions
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|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to nudge, to crash into, to stumble, to err, to have bad luck</b> (IA.); rarely trans. <b class="b2">to knock over</b> (Pi. fr. 205, LXX).<br />Other forms: Aor. <b class="b3">πταῖσαι</b>, fut. <b class="b3">πταίσω</b>, also perf. (Youngatt., hell.) <b class="b3">ἔπταικα</b>, pass. (late) <b class="b3">πταισθῆναι</b>, <b class="b3">ἔπταισμαι</b>.<br />Compounds: Also with prefix, esp. <b class="b3">προσ-</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">πταῖσμα</b> (<b class="b3">πρόσ-</b> πταίω) n. [[push]], [[fault]], [[misfortune]], [[defeat]] (IA., Thgn.), <b class="b3">πρόσπταισις</b> f. [[push]], [[stumble]], [[collision]] (D. H.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Expressive word without clear etymology. A general similarity show <b class="b3">παίω</b>, <b class="b3">ῥαίω</b>, also <b class="b3">-κναίω</b> a.o., which may have influenced the formation of <b class="b3">πταίω</b>; on the anlaut cf. <b class="b3">πτίσσω</b>, <b class="b3">πτήσσω</b>. After Merlingen <b class="b3">Μνήμης χάριν</b> 2, 55 through metathesis <b class="b2">pt-</b> from <b class="b2">tp-</b> as zero grade of OCS <b class="b2">tepù</b> [[beat]] etc.; pricipally to be considered. Against connection with <b class="b3">πέτομαι</b> (Persson Beitr. 2, 825; s. Bq) rightly WP. 2, 21. -- The word may well be Pre-Greek. | |etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to nudge, to crash into, to stumble, to err, to have bad luck</b> (IA.); rarely trans. <b class="b2">to knock over</b> (Pi. fr. 205, LXX).<br />Other forms: Aor. <b class="b3">πταῖσαι</b>, fut. <b class="b3">πταίσω</b>, also perf. (Youngatt., hell.) <b class="b3">ἔπταικα</b>, pass. (late) <b class="b3">πταισθῆναι</b>, <b class="b3">ἔπταισμαι</b>.<br />Compounds: Also with prefix, esp. <b class="b3">προσ-</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">πταῖσμα</b> (<b class="b3">πρόσ-</b> πταίω) n. [[push]], [[fault]], [[misfortune]], [[defeat]] (IA., Thgn.), <b class="b3">πρόσπταισις</b> f. [[push]], [[stumble]], [[collision]] (D. H.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Expressive word without clear etymology. A general similarity show <b class="b3">παίω</b>, <b class="b3">ῥαίω</b>, also <b class="b3">-κναίω</b> a.o., which may have influenced the formation of <b class="b3">πταίω</b>; on the anlaut cf. <b class="b3">πτίσσω</b>, <b class="b3">πτήσσω</b>. After Merlingen <b class="b3">Μνήμης χάριν</b> 2, 55 through metathesis <b class="b2">pt-</b> from <b class="b2">tp-</b> as zero grade of OCS <b class="b2">tepù</b> [[beat]] etc.; pricipally to be considered. Against connection with <b class="b3">πέτομαι</b> (Persson Beitr. 2, 825; s. Bq) rightly WP. 2, 21. -- The word may well be Pre-Greek. | ||
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{{mdlsj | |||
|mdlsjtxt=<br /><b class="num">I.</b> [[trans]]. to make to [[stumble]] or [[fall]], τινὰ πρός τινι Pind.:—Pass., τὰ πταισθέντα failures, Luc.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> intr. to [[stumble]], [[trip]], [[fall]], Soph., etc.; πτ. πρός τινι to [[stumble]] [[against]], [[fall]] [[over]], Aesch., Plat.; πρός τι Xen.; also, μὴ περὶ Μαρδονίωι πταίσηι ἡ [[Ἑλλάς]] [[lest]] [[Hellas]] should get a [[fall]] [[over]] him, i.e. be defeated by him, Hdt.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> metaph. to make a false [[step]], to [[fail]], Thuc., Dem.; so, ἐλάχιστα, τὰ [[πλείω]] πτ. Thuc. etc. | |||
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