περκνός: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">spotted, having dark spots</b>, also as name of a kind of eagle (Ω 316, Hp., Arist.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἐπί-περκνος</b> <b class="b2">somewhat spotted</b> (X.,; Strömberg Prefix Studies 105). - Beside it <b class="b3">πέρκος</b> m. <b class="b2">kind of eagle</b> (Arist.), <b class="b3">πέρκη</b> f. <b class="b2">redfin perch, Perca fluviatilis</b> (Emp., Com., Arist.) with <b class="b3">-ίς</b>, <b class="b3">-ίον</b>, <b class="b3">-ίδιον</b> (Com., pap., Dsc.); <b class="b3">περκάς</b> adj. f., attribute of <b class="b3">κίχλη</b>, prob. as fishname (Eratosth.). Denominatives. a. <b class="b3">περκάζω</b>, <b class="b3">-ομαι</b>, also w. <b class="b3">ὑπο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐν-</b>, <b class="b2">to start getting dark spots, to start ripening</b>, act. also <b class="b2">to colour dark</b> (η 126, Thphr., LXX); b. <b class="b3">περκαίνω</b>, <b class="b3">-ομαι</b> (<b class="b3">ἐμ-</b>) <b class="b2">id.</b> (E., H.); c. <b class="b3">ἀπο-περκόομαι</b> <b class="b2">to become dark</b>, of ripening grapes (S. Fr. 255, 6). Here <b class="b3">περκώματα τὰ ἐπὶ τοῦ προσώπου ποικίλματα</b> H.; after Krahe IF 58, 225 also <b class="b3">Περκώτη</b> f. town in Mysia. -- Beside it 1. with zerograde: <b class="b3">πρακνόν μέλανα</b> H.; 2. with diff., prob. secondary full grade: <b class="b3">πρεκνόν ποικιλόχροον ἔλαφον</b> H., to which 3. with <b class="b2">o-</b>ablaut [[πρόξ]], <b class="b3">-κός</b> f. (s. v.) and <b class="b3">προκάς</b> f. <b class="b2">deer- or roe-like animal</b>, <b class="b3">Πρόκνη</b> PN "the nightingale" or "swallow", Radke P.-W. 23, 250; 4. with lengthened grade <b class="b3">πρωξ</b>, <b class="b3">-κός</b> f. <b class="b2">drop of dew</b> (s. v.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [820f] <b class="b2">*perk-</b> [[vriegated]], [[motley]]<br />Etymology: The substantival <b class="b3">πέρκος</b>, <b class="b3">πέρκη</b> presuppose an adj. <b class="b3">*περκός</b>, to which f. <b class="b3">περκάς</b>, as <b class="b3">λεῦκος</b>, <b class="b3">λεύκη</b> from <b class="b3">λευκός</b>, f. <b class="b3">λευκάς</b>. From <b class="b3">*περκός</b> also <b class="b3">περκ-άζω</b>, <b class="b3">-αίνω</b>, <b class="b3">-όομαι</b> (like <b class="b3">λευκ-αίνω</b> a.o.). Beside it with <b class="b3">ν-</b>suffix <b class="b3">περκ-νός</b> like the synonymous <b class="b3">ἐρεμ-νός</b>, <b class="b3">κελαι-νός</b> a.o. (Chantraine Form. 194; cf. below). -- Old inherited family with representatives in several languages, where esp. the many animal names are remarkable. With <b class="b3">πρακνόν</b> agree except for the ending both Skt. <b class="b2">pŕ̥śni-</b>'spotted, variegated' as a Germ. name of the trout, OHG [[forhana]] (to which with <b class="b2">l-</b>suffix the dimin. [[Forelle]]), OE <b class="b2">forn(e</b>) f., IE <b class="b2">*pr̥ḱ-n-</b>. A full grade agreement gives the Swed. fishname [[färna]] f., IE <b class="b2">*perḱ-n-</b> like <b class="b3">περκ-ν-ός</b>. With <b class="b3">*περκός</b>, <b class="b3">πέρκος</b> a Celt. word can be identified: MIr. [[erc]] (Wesh [[erch]]) <b class="b2">spotted, dark-red</b>, as subst. [[salmon]], [[trout]], also [[cow]], [[lizard]]. -- Another representative is the Germ. word for [[vatiegated]], [[colourful]] and [[colour]] in OHG [[faro]], [[farawa]], IE <b class="b2">*porḱ-u̯ó-</b>; one must certainly also consider Lat. <b class="b2">pulc(h)er</b> [[beautiful]] from <b class="b2">*pelc-ro-s</b> or <b class="b2">*polc-ro-s</b> (with dissim.); IE <b class="b2">*perḱ-</b>, resp. <b class="b2">*porḱ-</b> or <b class="b2">*pr̥ḱ-</b>. On the formation also Borgström NTS 16, 141 f. -- Further forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 45 f., Pok. 820f., W.-Hofmann s. <b class="b2">pulc(h)er</b> and 2. [[porcus]]. Older lit. also in Bq. Cf. also [[πάπραξ]].

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