Ποσειδῶν: Difference between revisions

Ποσειδῶν (view source)

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Spiros

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 |Transliteration B=Poseidōn
 |Transliteration C=Poseidon
-|Beta Code=*poseidw=n
+|Beta Code=&#42;poseidw=n
 |Definition=(perispom. in Att., Hdn.Gr.2.914), <b class="b3">ὁ;</b> gen. ῶνος, also ῶ <span class="bibl">Aristias 1</span>; acc. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> Ποσειδῶ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>1165</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>22.111.67; voc. Πόσειδον <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Fr.</span>371.1</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>664</span>: contr. (first in <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Th.</span>732</span> (s.v.l.)) from Ep.form (also used by <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.204</span>, al., and <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>502</span> (lyr.)) Ποσειδάων [ᾱ], άωνος, acc. άωνα, voc. Ποσείδᾱον <span class="bibl">Il.14.357</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.3.55</span>, al.:—Ion. Ποσειδέων, έωνος, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.148</span>, al.:—Aeol. Ποσείδαν <span class="bibl">Alc.26</span>; Lyr. Ποσειδάν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.26</span>, al., <span class="bibl">B.16.79</span>; also in Crete, <span class="title">SIG</span>56.15 (v B.C.); at Epidaurus, <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).150 (v B.C.); at Lindus, ib. 12(1).809, etc.; and in Arc., <span class="title">SIG</span>306.57 (Tegea, iv B.C.):—Dor. Ποτειδάν (oxyt., Hdn.Gr. 2.916) <span class="title">IG</span>4.210, 219, al. (Corinth), <span class="title">SIG</span>1000.17 (Cos, i B.C.), etc., prob. in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.5</span>,<span class="bibl">40</span>, <span class="bibl">Epich.54</span>,<span class="bibl">115</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>3.3.2</span>; also Ποτειδάϝων <span class="title">IG</span>4.211, al. (Corinth), Ποτειδάων <span class="title">GDI</span>5085 (Crete, iii B.C.): also Ποτῐδᾶς or Ποτειδᾶς (codd. vary), gen. ᾶ <span class="bibl">Eup.140</span>, acc. ᾶν <span class="bibl">Epich.81</span>, dub. in <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>798</span> (Megarian), voc.ᾶ<span class="bibl">Sophr.131</span>:—Boeot. Ποτειδάων (leg. Ποτῑδάων) <span class="bibl">Corinn.1</span>, cf. Corinn.<span class="title">Supp.</span>2.26 (<span class="bibl"><span class="title">BKT</span>5(2)p</span>.<span class="bibl">31</span>); gen. [<b class="b3">Ποτ] ῑδάωνος</b> ib.<span class="bibl">76</span>; but dat. Ποτειδάονι <span class="title">IG</span>7.2465 (Thebes):— Arc. Ποσοιδάν ib.<span class="bibl">5(2).95</span> (Tegea):—Lacon. Πὁοιδάν ib.<span class="bibl">5(1).1228</span>, al.:—Aeol.(?) Ποτοίδαν <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 642 (Pergam., v B.C.):—<span class="title">Poseidon.</span></span>
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 {{etym
-|etymtx=ῶνος Ruijgh REG 80(1967)6-16 Lampas 1.4 99f<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[Poseidon]] (Att.).<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[Posedao]], dat. <b class="b2">-ne</b>.<br />Derivatives: Beside it ep. poet. <b class="b3">Ποσειδάων</b>, <b class="b3">-άωνος</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">-έων</b>, lyr., also Cret., Epid., Arc. a.o. inscr. <b class="b3">Ποσειδάν</b>, Arc. also <b class="b3">Ποσοιδάν</b>, from where Lac. <b class="b3">Ποhοιδάν</b> (on the acc. Hdn. 2, 914 a. 916). With <b class="b3">-τ-</b> in Dor. forms from diff. areas: <b class="b3">Ποτειδά(Ϝ)ων</b>, <b class="b3">-δάν</b>, also (Dor. a. Att. com.) <b class="b3">Ποτ(ε)ιδᾶς</b>; further also (Aeol.?) <b class="b3">Ποτοιδαν</b> (Pergam. Va). -- From it 1. <b class="b3">Ποσειδώνιος</b> (also as PN), <b class="b3">-δαώνιος</b>, <b class="b3">-δάνιος</b>, <b class="b3">Ποτειδάνιος</b> <b class="b2">consecrated to P.</b>, esp. <b class="b3">-ιον</b> n. <b class="b2">temple of P.</b> 2. <b class="b3">Ποσιδήϊος</b> (ep. Ion. beside Aeol. <b class="b3">Ποσειδάων</b>, metr. condit.; Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 20), <b class="b3">-δεῖος</b>, <b class="b3">-δαῖος</b>, <b class="b3">-ιον</b> n. <b class="b2">id.</b>, Myc. [[Posidaijo]], with <b class="b3">Ποσιδηϊών</b>, <b class="b3">-δεών</b> IA. Monthname. 3. <b class="b3">Ποτείδαια</b> f. name of a Corinth. colony on Chalkidike. 4. <b class="b3">Ποτιδάϊχος</b> Boeot. PN (Bechtel Dial. 1, 267).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: From <b class="b3">ΠοτειδάϜων</b> (like <b class="b3">Μαχά-ων</b>, <b class="b3">Ἀρετά-ων</b> a.o.; Schwyzer 521) arose through contraction <b class="b3">-δῶν</b>, <b class="b3">-δάν</b>; beside it <b class="b3">-δᾶς</b>; cf. <b class="b3">Ἐρμ-άων</b>, <b class="b3">-άν</b>, <b class="b3">-έας</b>, <b class="b3">-ῆς</b> (Kretschmer Glotta 9, 217). The adj. <b class="b3">Ποσιδήϊος</b> prob. rather after <b class="b3">Όδυσήϊος</b>, <b class="b3">Νηλήϊος</b> a.o. than (with Schwyzer 271) from an unatt. <b class="b3">*Ποσιδᾶς</b>. The assibilated forms must be generalized from <b class="b3">Ποσι-</b> beside older <b class="b3">Ποτει-</b>. -- God of the waters (rivers, sources, of the sea). The name is not certainly interpreted. Already by Fick Curt. Stud. 8, 307 explained as univerbation of a voc. <b class="b3">*Πότει Δᾶς</b> <b class="b2">o Lord (spouse) of Da, i.e. the earth</b> (s. <b class="b3">Δήμητηρ</b>), an interpretation, which was accepted by Hoffmann and esp. by Kretschmer several times (e.g. Glotta 1, 27 f., 382f.; 13, 245; 22, 255, Wien. Stud. 24, 523ff.) argued and presented with consent of several scholars (Schulze, v. Wilamowitz [s. Schwyzer 271], Mayrhofer AnzAltWiss. 5 [1952] 59 ff., Schachermeyr Poseidon und die Entstehung des griech. Götterglaubens [Bern 1950] 13 ff., Schwyzer 446 a. 572). <b class="b3">Ποσι-</b> was then taken as a younger form of the voc., <b class="b3">Ποτοι-</b> sometimes (e.g. Schwyzer l.c.) explained as old ablaut-form (rejected by Kretschmer Glotta 1, 383). -- Rejection or doubt by Bechtel Dial. 1, 64f., Fraenkel Lexis 3, 50 ff., thus by several other scholars, who proposed instead other, certainly not better hypotheses: Ehrlich Betonung 81 ff. (to <b class="b3">ποταμός</b> and <b class="b3">οἶδμα</b>; by Kretschmer Glotta 6, 294 rejected); Heubeck IF 64, 225 ff. (to <b class="b3">πόντος</b> and <b class="b3">δαῆναι</b>); Carnoy Les ét. class. 22, 342 (2. member to Skt. <b class="b2">dā́nu-</b> [[drop]], [[dew]]). Older attempts w. rich lit. in Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 445 w. n. 2 a. 3. -- Ruijgh REG 80(1967)6-16 concludes that Pre-Greek origin remains a possibility, which seems to me the most probable conclusion. I would posit a form <b class="b2">*patyaitun</b>, with [[a]] pronounced [[[o]]] after labial, with [[ai]] pronounded as [[[ei]]] as often, and with u = <b class="b3">ω</b>; but I found no confirmation of this reconstruction.
+|etymtx=ῶνος Ruijgh REG 80(1967)6-16 Lampas 1.4 99f<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[Poseidon]] (Att.).<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[Posedao]], dat. <b class="b2">-ne</b>.<br />Derivatives: Beside it ep. poet. <b class="b3">Ποσειδάων</b>, <b class="b3">-άωνος</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">-έων</b>, lyr., also Cret., Epid., Arc. a.o. inscr. <b class="b3">Ποσειδάν</b>, Arc. also <b class="b3">Ποσοιδάν</b>, from where Lac. <b class="b3">Ποhοιδάν</b> (on the acc. Hdn. 2, 914 a. 916). With <b class="b3">-τ-</b> in Dor. forms from diff. areas: <b class="b3">Ποτειδά(Ϝ)ων</b>, <b class="b3">-δάν</b>, also (Dor. a. Att. com.) <b class="b3">Ποτ(ε)ιδᾶς</b>; further also (Aeol.?) <b class="b3">Ποτοιδαν</b> (Pergam. Va). -- From it 1. <b class="b3">Ποσειδώνιος</b> (also as PN), <b class="b3">-δαώνιος</b>, <b class="b3">-δάνιος</b>, <b class="b3">Ποτειδάνιος</b> <b class="b2">consecrated to P.</b>, esp. <b class="b3">-ιον</b> n. <b class="b2">temple of P.</b> 2. <b class="b3">Ποσιδήϊος</b> (ep. Ion. beside Aeol. <b class="b3">Ποσειδάων</b>, metr. condit.; Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 20), <b class="b3">-δεῖος</b>, <b class="b3">-δαῖος</b>, <b class="b3">-ιον</b> n. <b class="b2">id.</b>, Myc. [[Posidaijo]], with <b class="b3">Ποσιδηϊών</b>, <b class="b3">-δεών</b> IA. Monthname. 3. <b class="b3">Ποτείδαια</b> f. name of a Corinth. colony on Chalkidike. 4. <b class="b3">Ποτιδάϊχος</b> Boeot. PN (Bechtel Dial. 1, 267).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: From <b class="b3">ΠοτειδάϜων</b> (like <b class="b3">Μαχά-ων</b>, <b class="b3">Ἀρετά-ων</b> a.o.; Schwyzer 521) arose through contraction <b class="b3">-δῶν</b>, <b class="b3">-δάν</b>; beside it <b class="b3">-δᾶς</b>; cf. <b class="b3">Ἐρμ-άων</b>, <b class="b3">-άν</b>, <b class="b3">-έας</b>, <b class="b3">-ῆς</b> (Kretschmer Glotta 9, 217). The adj. <b class="b3">Ποσιδήϊος</b> prob. rather after <b class="b3">Όδυσήϊος</b>, <b class="b3">Νηλήϊος</b> a.o. than (with Schwyzer 271) from an unatt. <b class="b3">&#42;Ποσιδᾶς</b>. The assibilated forms must be generalized from <b class="b3">Ποσι-</b> beside older <b class="b3">Ποτει-</b>. -- God of the waters (rivers, sources, of the sea). The name is not certainly interpreted. Already by Fick Curt. Stud. 8, 307 explained as univerbation of a voc. <b class="b3">&#42;Πότει Δᾶς</b> <b class="b2">o Lord (spouse) of Da, i.e. the earth</b> (s. <b class="b3">Δήμητηρ</b>), an interpretation, which was accepted by Hoffmann and esp. by Kretschmer several times (e.g. Glotta 1, 27 f., 382f.; 13, 245; 22, 255, Wien. Stud. 24, 523ff.) argued and presented with consent of several scholars (Schulze, v. Wilamowitz [s. Schwyzer 271], Mayrhofer AnzAltWiss. 5 [1952] 59 ff., Schachermeyr Poseidon und die Entstehung des griech. Götterglaubens [Bern 1950] 13 ff., Schwyzer 446 a. 572). <b class="b3">Ποσι-</b> was then taken as a younger form of the voc., <b class="b3">Ποτοι-</b> sometimes (e.g. Schwyzer l.c.) explained as old ablaut-form (rejected by Kretschmer Glotta 1, 383). -- Rejection or doubt by Bechtel Dial. 1, 64f., Fraenkel Lexis 3, 50 ff., thus by several other scholars, who proposed instead other, certainly not better hypotheses: Ehrlich Betonung 81 ff. (to <b class="b3">ποταμός</b> and <b class="b3">οἶδμα</b>; by Kretschmer Glotta 6, 294 rejected); Heubeck IF 64, 225 ff. (to <b class="b3">πόντος</b> and <b class="b3">δαῆναι</b>); Carnoy Les ét. class. 22, 342 (2. member to Skt. <b class="b2">dā́nu-</b> [[drop]], [[dew]]). Older attempts w. rich lit. in Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 445 w. n. 2 a. 3. -- Ruijgh REG 80(1967)6-16 concludes that Pre-Greek origin remains a possibility, which seems to me the most probable conclusion. I would posit a form <b class="b2">&#42;patyaitun</b>, with [[a]] pronounced [[[o]]] after labial, with [[ai]] pronounded as [[[ei]]] as often, and with u = <b class="b3">ω</b>; but I found no confirmation of this reconstruction.
 }}
 {{mdlsj
 |mdlsjtxt=<br />[[Poseidon]], Lat. [[Neptunus]], son of [[Cronos]] and [[Rhea]], [[brother]] of [[Zeus]], god of the sea, [[husband]] of [[Amphitrite]], Hom., etc.
 }}