σκέλος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=εος, τό, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">leg</b> from the hip downwards, only once in Hom., <b class="b3">πρυμνὸν σκέλος</b> the ham or buttock, <span class="bibl">Il.16.314</span>; κάμηλος ἐν τοῖσι ὀπισθίοισι σ. ἔχει τέσσερας μηροὺς καὶ γούνατα τέσσερα <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.103</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.61</span>,<span class="bibl">88</span>; τὰ σκέλη τε καὶ τὰ ἰσχία πρὸς τὴν γῆν ἐρείσας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>254e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>494a4</span>; of dancers, <b class="b3">τὸ σ. ῥίψαντες, αἴρειν</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>332</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ec.</span>265</span>; σ. οὐράνιον ἐκλακτίζων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">V.</span>1492</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1526</span>; <b class="b3">οὐρανῷ σκέλη προφαίνων</b>, of one thrown head foremost, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>753</span>; <b class="b3">βαδιοῦνται ἐπὶ δυοῖν σκελοῖν, ἐφ' ἑνὸς πορεύσονται σκέλους</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>190d</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ δεινός, ὁ ταλαύρινος, ὁ κατὰ τοῖν σκελοῖν</b> he <b class="b2">with the legs, the strider</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Pax</span> 241</span> (but expld. by Sch. <b class="b3">ἀπὸ τῶν διὰ δειλίαν ἀποτιλώντων</b>, cf. <span class="bibl">Men. <span class="title">Per.</span>18</span>); dual, τὼ σκέλει <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>325</span>,al., cf. <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Tim.</span>26</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Anach.</span> 1</span>; <b class="b3">σκέλε</b> (i.e. prob. <b class="b3">σκέλει</b>) δύο <span class="title">IG</span>22.1388.24, cf. 1502.5; but <b class="b3">σκέλη</b> (pl.) <b class="b3">δύο</b> in Att. Inscrr. from 390 B.C., ib.1425.15, cf. 57, etc.; and so τὰ σ. <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Ind.</span>9</span>: sg., <b class="b2">leg</b> of sacrificial victim, <span class="title">IG</span>12.190.32, al.,42(1).40.10 (Epid., v B.C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> as a military phrase, <b class="b3">ἐπὶ σκέλος πάλιν χωρεῖν, ἀνάγειν</b>, retreat with the face towards the enemy, retire leisurely, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1400</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>383</span>; cf. πούς <span class="bibl">1.6b</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">κατὰ σκέλος βαδίζειν</b>, of the lion and the camel, <b class="b2">with the hind foot following the fore on the same side</b> (not crosswise), <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>498b7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">629b14</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">παρὰ σκέλος ἀπαντᾷ</b> it meets one <b class="b2">across</b>, i.e. crosses one's path, thwarts one, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>2.12.2</span> (v.l. [[π. μέλος]]). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> metaph., <b class="b3">τὰ σ</b>. the <b class="b2">legs</b>, i.e. the <b class="b2">two long walls</b> connecting Athens with Piraeus, <span class="bibl">Str.9.1.15</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cim.</span>13</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ μακρὰ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">D.S.13.107</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Lys.</span>14</span>; of the long walls between Megara and Nisaea, <b class="b3">τὰ Μεγαρικὰ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>1170</span>; between Corinth and Lechaeum, <span class="bibl">Str.8.6.22</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">side-wall</b> of a temple, <span class="title">SIG</span> 247 <span class="title">K</span>1 iii 3, 11 (Delph., iv B.C.); of other structures, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>3p.88</span> (iii B.C.), etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">side-poles</b> or <b class="b2">frames of an engine</b>, <span class="bibl">Orib.49.4.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">tails of a surgical bandage</b>, Heliod. ap. <span class="bibl">Orib.48.20.5</span>; of the <b class="b2">ends</b> of the Persian head-dress, Plu.2.820d. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">members</b> of a sentence, Sch.rec.<span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>94</span>. (Written σχέλος <span class="title">IG</span>11(2).161 <span class="title">B</span>61 (Delos, iii B.C.).)</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0891.png Seite 891]] τό, der <b class="b2">Schenkel</b>; πρυμνὸν [[σκέλος]], [[ἔνθα]] [[πάχιστος]] μυὼν ἀνθρώπου πέλεται, Il. 16, 314; [[τρέχω]] δὲ χερσίν, οὐ ποδωκίᾳ σκελῶν, Aesch. Eum. 37; οὐρανῷ σκέλη προφαί νων, Soph. El. 743; ἐπὶ [[σκέλος]] [[πάλιν]] χωρεῖ, Eur. Phoen. 1409, wie ἐπὶ πόδα; vgl. ἐπὶ [[σκέλος]] ἀνάγειν, Ar. Av. 383, sich mit dem Gesichte gegen den Feind zurückziehen; [[σκέλος]] ἀνατείνειν, ῥίπτειν, Lys. 799 Pax 332, αἴρειν τὼ σκέλη, 854; χωλὸς τὼ σκέλη, Thesm. 24; τῷ σκέλει θένε την πέτραν, Av. 54, vgl. Schol.; περὶ τὰ σκέλεα ἀναξυρίδας εἶχον, Her. 7, 61; κατὰ [[σκέλος]] βαδίζειν, vom Gange der Thiere, wie des Löwen und des Kameels, Arist. H. A. 2, 1, ὅτε οὐ προβαίνει τῷ ἀριστερῷ τὸ δεξιόν, ἀλλὰ ἐπακολουθεῖ, einen Fuß nach dem andern auf derselben Seite setzen, den Hinterfuß dem Vorderfuß auf derselben Seite nachsetzen, die Füße beim Gehen nicht über's Kreuz setzen; ἐφ' ἑνὸς σκέλους πορεύειν, Plat. Conv. 190 d, wie βαδιοῦνται ἐπὶ δυοῖν σκελοῖν, ibid.; πόδες καὶ σκέλη, Phaed. 117 e; καὶ αὐχένες, Rep. VII, 514 a; ἐπεσκόπει τοὺς πόδας καὶ τὰ σκέλη, Phaed. 117 e; ἔχων περὶ τοῖς σκέλεσιν ἀναξυρίδας, Xen. Cyr. 8, 3, 13, u. öfter, wie Folgde; παρὰ [[σκέλος]] ἀπαντᾷ, es kommt in die Quere, es geht wider Wunsch und Erwarten, Arr. Epict. 2, 12. – In Athen sind τὰ σκέλη die langen Mauern zwischen der Stadt und dem Peiräeus, Strab. 9, 1, 15, auch die Mauern von Megara, Ar. Lys. 1172.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[thigh]], [[leg]] (Π 314).<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. <b class="b2">kerea₂</b> (pl.).<br />Compounds: Often as 2. member, e.g. <b class="b3">τετρα-σκελής</b> <b class="b2">four-legged</b> (trag. a. o.).<br />Derivatives: 1. Diminut. <b class="b3">σκελ-ίσκος</b> m. (Ar.), <b class="b3">-ύδριον</b> (Herod., Arr.). 2. <b class="b3">σκελέαι</b> f. pl. [[breeches]] (Critias, Antiph.). 3. <b class="b3">σκελίζω</b> (Plu., S. E.), usu. <b class="b3">ὑπο-</b> σκέλος (Pl., D. etc.) <b class="b2">to trip someone up, to bring him down, to outsmart</b> with (<b class="b3">ὑπο-)σκελ-ισμός</b> m. <b class="b2">the bringing down, downfall</b>, <b class="b3">-ισμα</b> n. [[accident]] (LXX); daneben <b class="b3">σκέλ[λ]ισμα δρόμημα</b> H. 4. also <b class="b3">σκελλός</b> <b class="b2">bandy-legged, διεστραμμένος, ῥαιβός</b> (sch., H., EM; cf. <b class="b3">στρεβλός</b> a. o.; s. also <b class="b3">κυλλός</b>). -- Besides 1. with <b class="b3">ο-</b>ablaut: <b class="b3">σκολιός</b> [[crooked]], [[bent]], [[twisted]], [[unjust]] (Π 387; from <b class="b3">*σκόλος</b> m. after <b class="b3">σκαιός</b> a.o.?; cf. <b class="b3">σκολοῖς δρεπάνοις</b> H.) with <b class="b3">σκολι-ότης</b> f. [[curve]], [[injustice]] (Hp., LXX, Str. a. o.), <b class="b3">-όομαι</b> <b class="b2">to be bent, to curve</b> (Hp., Thphr.) with <b class="b3">-ωσις</b>, <b class="b3">-ωμα</b> (late), <b class="b3">-αίνομαι</b> <b class="b2">to curve</b> (Hp.), <b class="b3">-άζω</b> <b class="b2">to be bent</b> (LXX); <b class="b3">τὸ σκόλιον</b> <b class="b2">drinking-song</b> (Pi.; explanation debated: because they were presented in irregular order?). 2. with lengthened grade <b class="b3">σκώληξ</b>; s. v. -- On <b class="b3">σκαληνός</b> s. [[σκάλλω]]; on <b class="b3">σκελίς</b> s. <b class="b3">σχελις</b>.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [928] <b class="b2">*skel-</b> [[bend]], [[curve]]<br />Etymology: With Lat. [[scelus]] n. [[malice]], [[badness]], [[crime]] formally, orig. also semant. identical as *'curvation, deflection' (cf. <b class="b3">σκολιός</b> [[curved]], [[unright]]). The orig. presence of a verb [[curve]], [[bend]] is demonstrated also by two other primary formations: Germ., OHG [[scelah]], OE [[sceolh]] [[oblique]], [[curved]], [[squinting]], NHG [[scheel]], OWNo. [[skjalgr]] [[oblique]], [[squinting]], PGm. <b class="b2">*skél-ha-</b>, <b class="b2">-gá-</b> < IE <b class="b2">*skel-ko-</b>; Alb. <b class="b2">tshalë</b> [[lame]] < IE <b class="b2">*skel-no-</b>. Quite uncertain Arm. [[šeɫ]] [[slanting]], [[oblique]], [[xeɫ]] [[distorted]], [[crippled]]. Also <b class="b3">κυλλός</b>, <b class="b3">κῶλον</b> a. cogm. are adduced as <b class="b2">s-</b>less variants; s. vv. w. further lit.; further W.-Hoffmann s. [[scelus]]. -- The group <b class="b2">*skel-</b> (Pok. 928) seems rather uncertain. Thus it seems no more than a possibility that <b class="b3">σκολιός</b> is cognate with <b class="b3">σκέλος</b>.